Carl Walter Liner
Carl Walter Liner (born August 17, 1914 in St. Gallen ; † April 19, 1997 ibid), also Carl Liner (junior) , was a Swiss painter and draftsman .
Life
Carl Walter Liner grew up in a family of artists in Appenzell . His father Carl August Liner (1871-1946) was a successful portrait and landscape painter there. Carl Walter Liner studied from 1937 to 1939 in Paris with Othon Friesz at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière . During his life he traveled to many countries, mainly in the Mediterranean region such as Egypt, France, Italy and Spain. He married Katharina Rüf in 1944. He worked in Zurich, Paris, Fontvieille / Provence and in Appenzell. The Museum Liner Appenzell, now the Appenzell Art Museum , planned by Annette Gigon and Mike Guyer , was opened in 1998 in honor of his and his father's work . In 2003, not far from the art museum, the Ziegelhütte art gallery was opened , which is also dedicated to Liner's father and son. In 1984 he was awarded the Innerrhoder Culture Prize - the highest cultural award in Appenzell Innerrhoden.
Biographical data
Carl Walter Liner was born on August 17, 1914 in St. Gallen as the fourth child of Cécile Liner-Bernet and Carl August Liner. He grew up in his parents' country house near Appenzell. In 1933 he began taking painting and drawing lessons from his father. He painted in the impressionist style. In addition, father and son Liner carried out commercial graphic work such as posters and illustrations on a freelance basis. In 1936 he traveled to Egypt via Italy and Greece for half a year. He stayed mainly south of Cairo in the Tourah area. On the return voyage, Liner stopped for a few weeks in Rome and Florence in 1937. In the same year he traveled to Paris for the first time, the center of avant-garde art at the time. On the advice of Cuno Amiet, he studied in Paris in 1938 with Othon Friesz (1879–1949) at the private Académie de la Grande Chaumière . There he met Georges Braque and Maurice de Vlaminck . In 1939 he did active service in Switzerland. During the war years he met his future wife Katharina Rüf. 1946–1948 he lived again in Paris and lived in the Pavillon Suisse of the Cité Universitaire in the 14th arrondissement, built by Le Corbusier . He mostly worked outdoors. The use of unbroken colors and an impasto application of paint bear witness to his exploration of Fauvism .
The years after 1946 until the mid-1950s were decisive for Liner's artistic development. It was a period of fruitful experimentation with different visual languages.
In 1948/1949 Liner made extensive trips to Algeria, Corsica and Spain. In 1949 he made his first non-representational works. Liner caught up with tachism , which began to establish itself in Paris as a contemporary form of expression.
In 1951 Liner lived with his wife alternately in Paris, Zurich and Appenzell. In Paris he maintained contact with the Swiss Adolf Herbst , Wilfrid Moser and Gérard Schneider , the French César and the Russian Ossip Zadkine .
In 1954 he made trips to Spain, Italy and Corsica. The repeated stays in Corsica in the second half of the 1950s are considered to be the trigger for the stylistic expansion of his landscapes. In 1957 he bought a studio in Paris, on avenue du Général Leclerc in the 14th arrondissement. In 1963 he was invited to take part in the École de Paris exhibition at the Charpentier Gallery, Paris.
From 1972 Carl Walter Liner lived with his wife in Paris, Fontvieille (Provence) and Appenzell. In 1983 he received the Prix du Bimillénaire of the city of Arles. 1984 the Innerrhoden Culture Prize of the Pro Innerrhoden Foundation. In 1996 he was made an honorary citizen of the city of Fontvieille.
Carl Walter Liner died on April 19, 1997 in Appenzell.
Artistic work
Carl Walter Liner became known for landscape paintings and portraits . In the history of art, his turn to tachism , that is, to informal painting , is considered the most important achievement. As one of the few Swiss painters, he cultivated both naturalistic-expressive painting and gestural abstraction up to the last years of his life. The reference point of his art was mostly nature.
Liner had a differentiated opinion on the term "nature": For him, external and internal nature were of equal value. He himself wrote: "The abstraction in my painting is ... a new view of nature ... My greatest concern is to achieve a magical effect from the tension between fantasy and reality."
Exhibitions (selection)
- 2014: Commuters between worlds - 100 years of Carl Walter Liner. Ziegelhütte Art Gallery , Appenzell
- 2014: Below the surface: colors and emotions. Artrust, Melano, Ticino.
literature
- VN D'Ardenne: Carl Liner. Bodensee-Verlag, Amriswil 1954.
- Walter Kern, Denys Chevalier, Nöel Lorent: Carl Walter Liner. Arthur Niggli publishing house, Teufen AR 1964.
- RV Gindestaël, Denys Chevalier: Carl Walter Liner. Editions Galerie Cazenave, Paris 1973.
- Volker Schunck: Carl Walter Liner - basic figures in the creation of a picture. Buchs Druck und Verlag, 1989.
- Iris Wazzau: Carl Walter Liner. Iris Wazzau Gallery , Davos 1994.
- Peter Dering, Gabriele Lohberg (Appenzell Liner Foundation): Carl Walter Liner - Paths to Abstraction 1949–1959. Niggli Verlag, 2000.
- Peter Dering (Appenzell Liner Foundation): Color as form. Carl Walter Liner - Colored Works on Paper. Niggli Verlag, 2002.
- Peter Dering: Carl Walter Liner. Il Colore diventa Forma. Opere degli Anni '50 - '60. Casa Rusca, Pinacoteca comunale, Locarno 2003.
- Peter Dering: Carl Walter Liner - Representations of the people. Galleria Sacchetti, Ascona 2004.
- Roland Scotti (Foundation Liner Appenzell): Carl Walter Liner in Paris. Appenzell 2008.
- Roland Scotti (Appenzell Liner Foundation): Carl Walter Liner. The color black. Appenzell 2009.
- Roland Scotti (Appenzell Liner Foundation): Commuters between worlds - 100 years of Carl Walter Liner. Appenzell / Göttingen 2014.
- Carl Walter Liner. Below the surface: Colors and Emotions Melano, Artrust Edition, 2014.
Movie
- Phil Dänzer, Ursina Bärtsch: Carl Liner - father and son. Phil Dänzer-AudioVision, Zurich 2001.
Web links
- Literature by and about Carl Walter Liner in the catalog of the German National Library
- Georges Rutka: Liner, Carl (junior). In: Sikart
- Heinrich Gebert Kulturstiftung Appenzell: Art Museum Appenzell and Kunsthalle Ziegelhütte.
- Walter Koller: Painter Carl Liner, Appenzell (1914–1997). In: Appenzellian yearbooks. Vol. 125, 1997, p. 68 f.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Liner, Carl Walter |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Liner, Carl (junior) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swiss painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 17th August 1914 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | St. Gallen |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 19, 1997 |
| Place of death | St. Gallen |