Carlo Guattani

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Carlo Guattani (born April 30, 1709 in Bannio Anzino ( Piedmont ), † June 28, 1773 in Rome ) was an Italian surgeon .

Life

Carlo Guattani went to Rome at the age of 16 to complete his general education at the Collegio Romano . Then he attended the school of the Santo Spirito Hospital in Sassia for his special training in surgery from 1728 . After just one year, he got a permanent job in this clinic. In 1738 he was appointed assistant surgeon and surgeon. In October 1742, he succeeded the late Giovanni Pietro Gai as the head physician at the aforementioned hospital. In 1745 he published his first work on two cases of aneurysms ( Historiae duae aneurysmatum, quorum alterum in brachio per chirurgicam operationem sanatum, in femore alterum paucos intra dies lethale fuit , Rome 1745).

Guattani then went in 1747 with the support of Benedict XIV. , After he had not received the title of a papal physician, to Paris , where he - with interruptions - was 18 months, a member of the Royal Academy of Surgery and corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences was. During the then raging War of the Austrian Succession, he went to the theater of war in Flanders in 1747 to expand his knowledge of the treatment of gunshot wounds. On his way back from Paris he made study trips through Italy and made friends with important medical professionals such as Giovanni Ambrogio Bertrandi in Turin , Molinelli in Bologna and Giovanni Battista Morgagni in Padua . In 1748 he returned to his previous place of work in Rome.

As a surgeon at the Santo Spirito Hospital, Guattani made it his business to improve the dressings: instead of the complicated ointments that had hitherto been used, he resorted to a cleansing method, and the wounds then did not have to be bandaged as often. He performed great operations skillfully. He was also the first ordaining surgeon to perform the stone incision in the Santo Spirito Hospital; for this operation had previously only been in the hands of the Norcini family. By educating students, he ensured that lithotomy became common in surgery. After such important work as a teacher and surgeon in Rome, he died there on June 28, 1773 at the age of 64 of liver disease and ascites , after having been punctured a few days before his death.

The most important work of Guattani is the treatise De externis aneurysmatibus manu chirurgica methodice pertractandis ... (1772), in which he significantly enriched the therapy of external aneurysms (of enlargements of external arteries) by recommending systematic compression. In addition, Guattani made an excellent contribution to improving the esophagotomy (the incision in the esophagus to remove foreign bodies) (1757). He also described a case of Echinococcus hepatis (1767).

Works (selection)

  • Mémoire sur l'oesophagotomie. In: Mémoires de l'académie royale de chirurgie , Vol. 3, 1757, pp. 351–360 (digitized version )
  • Observation anatomique sur une grande quantité d'hydatides, sorties d'une tumeur survenue à la region du foie. In: Histoires de l'académie royale de sciences de Paris , 1767, pp. 44–45 (digitized version )
  • De externis aneurysmatibus manu chirurgica methodice pertractandis . Rome 1772 ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A10347824_00009~SZ%3D~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ). German translation under the title Instructions on how to heal the artery tumors , Altenburg 1777
  • Together with Giuseppe Flajani (1741–1808) and Pietro Maria Giavina. Nuovo metodo di medicare alcune malattie spettanti alla chirurgia. Diviso in quattro dissertazioni, a cui precedono gli elogii storici di Carlo Guattani, e di Pietro Maria Giavina, con la descrizione di due singolari osservazioni chirurgica l'una, ed anatomica l'altra . Rome 1786 (digitized version)

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ Agostino Palmerini: Guattani, Carlo , in Enciclopedia Italiana , vol 18 (1933).
  2. ↑ Antonello Pizzaleo:  Guattani, Carlo. In: Mario Caravale (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 60:  Grosso – Guglielmo da Forlì. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2003.
  3. ↑ See also: M. Hevin. Précis d'observations sur les corps étrangers arrêtés dans l'œsophage & dans la trachée artère, avec des Remarques sur les moyens qu'on an employé, ou que l'on peut employer pour les enfoncer ou pour les retirer . In: Mémoires de l'académie royale de chirurgie , Vol. 1, 1743, pp. 444-604 (digitized version ) --- Esophagotomy . In: Félix Vicq-d'Azyr , Jean-Baptiste le Rond d'Alembert (ed.) Encyclopédie méthodique, Chirurgie 2nd volume, 1792, pp. 113–115 (digitized version ) --- Antoine-Jacques-Louis Jourdan . Esophagotomy. In: Dictionnaire des sciences médicales . Volume 37, Panckoucke, Paris 1819, pp. 192-195 (digitized version ) --- Hollstein (practitioner in Berlin): Pharyngotomia . In: Dietrich Wilhelm Heinrich Busch , Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach , Justus Friedrich Karl Hecker (1795–1850), Ernst Horn , Johann Christian Jüngken , Heinrich Friedrich Link , Joseph Müller (1811–1845) (eds.) Encyclopedic Dictionary of Medical Sciences , 27 Volume (1842), pp. 93-104 (digitized version ) --- Michel. Œsophage. Médecine opératoire, II. External esophagotomy . In: Amédée Dechambre (ed.). Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences médicales . Series 2, Volume 14, G. Masson & P. ​​Asselin, Paris 1880, pp. 520–529 (digital copy )
  4. ↑ www.whonamedit.com .
personal data
SURNAME Guattani, Carlo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian surgeon
DATE OF BIRTH April 30, 1709
PLACE OF BIRTH Bannio Anzino ( Piedmont )
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 1773
Place of death Rome