Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach

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Dieffenbach, lithograph by Joseph Kriehuber , 1840

Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach (born February 1, 1792 in Königsberg i. Pr. , † November 11, 1847 in Berlin ) was a German surgeon.

Life

From 1812, Dieffenbach first studied Protestant theology at the University of Rostock and the University of Greifswald . There he became a member of the Corps Pomerania (1812) and Sueco-Pomerania . He moved to the Albertus University in Königsberg to study medicine . From 1813 to 1815 he participated in the Wars of Liberation as a war volunteer in the Lützow Freikorps . In March 1818 he represented the Königsberg fraternity at the General Boys' Day in Jena . He completed his medical studies from 1816 to 1820 in Königsberg. In 1818 he founded the first swimming school in Königsberg. Because of his participation in the republican fraternity he had to leave Königsberg in 1820. He moved to Bonn. Here he received surgical training from Philipp Franz von Walther . A study trip to Paris followed, where he made the acquaintance of the surgeons Guillaume Dupuytren and Dominique Jean Larrey . In 1822, he was with a study on transplantation at the University of Würzburg to Dr. med. PhD . In 1823 he settled in Berlin as a general practitioner and surgeon and worked at the Charité from 1829. In 1824 he married Johanna Motherby (marriage until 1833), the former wife of William Motherby . Since 1832 professor at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin , in 1840 he became professor and director of surgery at the Charité . He died at the age of 55 and was buried on November 15, 1847 in the Friedrichswerder cemetery on Bergmannstrasse (Berlin) . His grave was dedicated as a Berlin honorary grave from 1962 to 2012 .

  • Aether (1847)

  • Grave in Berlin

meaning

Dieffenbach is considered a pioneer in transplantation and plastic surgery . The "tenotomy" of the Achilles tendon in clubfoot goes back to him. He also made a contribution to the blood transfusion . He was one of the first German users of ether anesthesia on humans, after he had first tested it on a bear, according to a requirement by the Prussian king. His treatise The Aether Against Pain from 1847, with which he contributed to the spread of ether anesthesia in Germany, is considered a milestone in anesthesia . He wrote: “The beautiful dream that the pain is taken away from us has become a reality. The pain, this highest consciousness of our earthly existence, this clearest feeling of the imperfection of our body, had to bow before the power of the human spirit, before the power of the ethereal vapor. They have covered half the path of death, death has only half its horror. "

Dieffenbach also developed surgical methods for treating strabismus . The surgical procedure of circumcision , which is predominantly used today, also comes from him . He also performed the first catheterization of the (left) heart in 1831. He also became known for his textbook “Instructions for Sick Maintenance”, published in 1832, which, along with the textbook by the Heidelberg physician Franz Anton Mai, is one of the first textbooks for patient maintenance in Germany. In 1846 he described the operative union of the fracture ends of a pseudarthrosis with the help of ivory cones .

Honors

Since 1989, the German Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons has awarded a Dieffenbach Medal in memory of the pioneer of plastic surgery. With it, the society honors personalities who have made outstanding contributions to plastic and aesthetic surgery. The medal was designed by Friedrich Becker .

Publications

  • 1842, About the strabismus and its cure by surgery . Digitized , ISBN 3-8364-0460-5
  • 1828, The transfusion of blood and the infusion of medicines into the blood vessels , digitized
  • 1829–1835, Surgical Experiences , 4 volumes
  • 1841, cutting through the tendons and muscles , digitized
  • 1844–1848, Operative Chirurgie , Volume 1 , Volume 2

literature

Web links

Commons : Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See the entry of Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach's matriculation in the Rostock matriculation portal
  2. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 53/45.
  3. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Dieffenbach, Johann Friedrich. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 305 f .; here: p. 305.
  4. ^ Robert Albinus: Königsberg Lexicon . Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-441-1
  5. ^ Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann : Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present , 1st edition 1995 CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Munich, 2nd edition 2001, 3rd edition 2006 Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin, New York, Medical Dictionary 2006 Entry Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach written by Peter Schneck. doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-29585-3
  6. ↑ Allgemeine Zeitung , November 20, 1847. Hans-Jürgen Mende: Lexikon Berliner Grabstätten . Haude & Spener, Berlin 2006. p. 97.
  7. ↑ Ernst Kern: Real and supposed progress in surgery. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 9, 1991, pp. 417-429; here: p. 426.
  8. ↑ Orthopedics - history and future. Museum catalog , ed. by Ludwig Zichner, Michael A. Rauschmann and Klaus-Dieter Thomann. Darmstadt 1999, p. 63 f. ISBN 3-7985-1177-2
  9. ↑ H. Stürzbecher: Die Cholera, Dieffenbach and the catheterization of the heart 1831 . German medical journal, 1971, 22, pp. 470-471.
  10. ^ Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach: Physiological-surgical observations in cholera sufferers . 1834.
  11. ^ Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach: Instructions for the maintenance of the sick , Hirschwald Berlin 1832.
  12. ↑ Christine R. Auer: History of the nursing professions as a subject. The curriculum development in nursing education and training , dissertation Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine University of Heidelberg, supervisor Wolfgang U. Eckart , Heidelberg 2008, pp. 73–77.
  13. ↑ Thomas Schlich: Osteosynthesis. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , pp. 1083 f .; here: p. 1083.
  14. ↑ Dieffenbach Prize Winners and Lectures ( Memento of the original from January 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dgpraec.de
personal data
SURNAME Dieffenbach, Johann Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German surgeon and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1792
PLACE OF BIRTH Königsberg (Prussia)
DATE OF DEATH November 11, 1847
Place of death Berlin