Karl von Graefe

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Karl Ferdinand von Graefe

Karl Ferdinand Graefe , from 1826 von Graefe , (also Carl Ferdinand von Graefe ; * March 8, 1787 in Warsaw , † July 4, 1840 in Hanover ) was a German military surgeon, (plastic) surgeon and ophthalmologist as well as privy councilor and medical author.

origin

Karl Ferdinand von Graefe came from a Saxon family from Radeberg near Dresden (1717) and was the son of Countess Moczinsky Intendant and House Marshal Carl Graefe (1752-1806), landlord on Ossa near Dolsk , and Christiane Zschernig (1759-1817). His father Carl Graefe was raised to the Polish personal nobility in 1790 .

family

Karl Ferdinand Graefe was born on 2./14. Raised hereditary nobility to the Polish hereditary nobility on February 1826 in Saint Petersburg and received his Prussian recognition on November 16, 1826 in Berlin .

Graefe married on October 6, 1814 in Berlin Auguste von Alten (* May 16, 1797 in Berlin; † November 27, 1857 there), the daughter of the royal Prussian secret Oberberg and building councilor Professor Martin von Alten and Charlotte Müller from Frankfurt ( Or) . The marriage had five children:

  • Ottilie (* July 31, 1816; † December 26, 1889) ⚭ February 28, 1847 Hermann von Thile
  • Karl Friedrich August (born January 30, 1818; † February 5, 1872), Privy Councilor ⚭ March 16, 1845 Alma von Ladenberg (born June 27, 1822)
  • Viktor Leopold Stanislaus (* April 9, 1826 - † August 10, 1889) Captain ⚭ October 23, 1856 Emilie Bahre (* August 9, 1825)
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Albrecht (1828–1870) ophthalmologist ⚭ Countess Anna Adelaide Pauline Knuth (* March 15, 1842 - † March 22, 1872)
  • Wanda Elisae Charlotte (born November 5, 1830) writer under the pseudonym Walther Schwarz ⚭ April 19, 1856 Johann Adolf Sigismund von Dallwitz

Life

Karl Graefe studied medicine in Dresden, Halle and Leipzig. From 1810 he was a full professor of surgery and director and was the founder of the surgical clinic of the University of Berlin ( Charité ) and royal Prussian secret medical councilor . From 1822 he was the 3rd general staff doctor in the Prussian army and co-director of the military medical training institutes. In 1817 he invented a trocar . His rhinoplasty , a plastic-surgical nasal replacement, resembles the nasal replacement performed by Heinrich von Pfalzpaint in the 15th century with skin flaps. In 1827 Graefe Ernst August von Hanover successfully operated on the eyes. In 1840 he was called to Hanover to operate on the blind crown prince . Before he could report to court, he fell ill with "heated brain and nerve fever" and died in a hotel in Hanover.

Graefe was the owner of the Villa Finkenherd built by Karl Friedrich Schinkel , which was located in the middle of a 40,000 m² park designed by Lenné on the northwestern edge of the Berlin zoo , the so-called Hansaviertel . Until 1854 the Graefesche Haus was a popular meeting place for Berlin society.

In 1808 he was accepted into the Masonic lodge to the three swords in Halle.

In 1812 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and in 1823 a member of the Leopoldina .

Death and grave

Grave of the Graefe couple in Berlin-Kreuzberg (2010), here still marked with an honorary grave; on the left the grave of Alf von Alten

Karl von Graefe died in Hanover in 1840 at the age of 53. He was buried in Cemetery II of the Jerusalem and New Churches in front of the Hallesches Tor in Berlin. He rests there next to his wife Auguste nee. von Alten (1797-1857). His father-in-law Alf (Martin Friedrich) von Alten (1762–1843) and his son Albrecht von Graefe (1828–1870) are also buried nearby.

The classically designed grave building for Karl and Auguste von Graefe is based on an ancient mortuary temple and is probably the work of Heinrich Strack . In the temple hall, which is open on three sides, idealized portrait busts of the deceased stand on a double pillar. These are copies of the originals created by Friedrich Drake . The final resting place of Karl von Graefe was dedicated as an honor grave of the state of Berlin from 1962 to 2014 .

Voices from contemporaries

“I looked at the first ophthalmologist and surgeon of his time with great interest! And how I soon worshiped the well-educated, polite man! - Even in his prime, with intelligent features, clever, friendly eyes, his hair brushed back from his bare forehead, he spoke so charmingly pleasantly (...). His wife, looking very delicate and elegant, received us very lovingly, a lovely little daughter and a beautiful boy showed themselves to be so well-bred and childlike - and gradually the rooms filled with the most interesting personalities in Berlin. "

Fonts

  • Norms for the detachment of larger limbs , Berlin 1812
  • Rhinoplasty , 1818
  • New Contributions to the Art of Organically Replacing Parts of the Face , 1821
  • The epidemic-contagious ocular corrhea of ​​Egypt in the European liberation armies , 1824
  • Annual reports on the Clinical, Surgical, and Ophthalmic Institute of the University of Berlin , 1817–1834

literature

Web links

Commons : Karl von Graefe  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ralf Vollmuth : Graefe, Karl Ferdinand von. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 507.
  2. ^ Bernhard Dietrich Haage: Medical Literature of the Teutonic Order in the Middle Ages. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 9, 1991, pp. 217-231; here: p. 225 f.
  3. ^ Bertram Janiszewski: The old Hansa quarter in Berlin , Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-7759-0460-3 , p. 25ff
  4. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Volume 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Series 3, volume 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 95.
  5. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , pp. 230, 232.
  6. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . P. 232. Cemetery I and II of the Jerusalem and New Churches . Description of the cemetery and the tomb in the database of the Berlin State Monuments Office; accessed on March 26, 2019.
  7. ↑ Karoline Bauer : From my stage life , ed. v. Arnold Wellmer. R. v. Decker, Berlin 1871, p. 65 f.
personal data
SURNAME Graefe, Karl von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Graefe, Karl Ferdinand von (full name); Graefe, Karl Ferdinand; Graefe, Carl Ferdinand von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German surgeon and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1787
PLACE OF BIRTH Warsaw
DATE OF DEATH 4th July 1840
Place of death Hanover