Otto von Schjerning

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General Staff Doctor v. Schjerning

Otto Carl Wilhelm Schjerning , von Schjerning since 1909 , (born October 4, 1853 in Eberswalde , † June 28, 1921 in Berlin ) was a Prussian general staff doctor with the rank of general of the infantry .

Life

After graduating from high school at Joachimsthal , Schjerning studied medicine at the Friedrich Wilhelm Institute , also known as Pépinière, from 1873 . The Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin awarded him a doctorate on February 9, 1877. med. He was initially at the Charité and joined the Guard Rifle Battalion in 1878 as an assistant doctor, 2nd class . After three years with the Guard Corps , he joined the Queen Augusta Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 4 as a medical officer in May 1886 . In January 1889, he was appointed assistant to the medical department of the War Department . There he made an unprecedented career: after 17 years he had become head of the medical department. As a general staff physician , he became head of the medical corps in 1905 and head of the Kaiser-Wilhelms-Akademie, the former Friedrich Wilhelm Institute, at which he himself had studied. In 1906 he wrote a memorial to his deceased predecessor Rudolf von Leuthold . On January 1, 1906, the Friedrich Wilhelms University appointed him Professor of Military Medicine. In 1907 he became an honorary member of all three Pépinière corps .

From 1901 Schjerning published official textbooks for nursing. Schjerning was also editor of Coler's military medical library (1901-1920: 42 vol.)

On the occasion of the opening of the officers' hostel in Falkenstein , which was built under his leadership , Emperor Wilhelm II. Schjerning was raised to the hereditary Prussian nobility on August 20, 1909 .

During the First World War , Schjerning served as the head of field medical services in the main headquarters . He made public calls to women and girls in their homeland to be trained to serve in the hospitals. From January 1915 he was ranked General of the Infantry and the following year the Academy of Sciences awarded him the Golden Leibniz Medal in recognition of his services . After the surgeon Ferdinand Sauerbruch, who worked in Zurich and as a war surgeon in Greifswald, presented a soldier with an " artificial hand " to the head of the field medical services, von Schjerning Sauerbruch made it possible to supply amputated soldiers with prosthetic hands by setting up a hospital at the Schweizer Border in Singen am Hohentwiel . An adjutant of Schjernings, the doctor Georg Schmidt, then supported Sauerbruch with the introduction of the "Sauerbruch prosthesis". From 1916 onwards Schjerning campaigned for the establishment of the Fürst Donnersmarck Institute for the rehabilitation of war-disabled soldiers and was a member of the foundation's board of trustees from 1918 to 1921. Since October 4, 1917, Schjerning was also an honorary citizen of Eberswalde. In 1918 he retired from active service after 45 years in the Prussian army. With the dissolution of the Kaiser-Wilhelms-Akademie, which was prescribed by the Versailles Treaty , he retired. Two years later he died at the age of 67.

Von Schjerning was the initiator and editor of the Handbook of Medical Experience in the World War , which appeared in nine volumes between 1921 and 1934. In November 1915 he asked field doctors to record and prepare their observations on injuries at the front and in hospitals for publication. These records formed the basis for the manual. Numerous leading physicians in their field, including Ludolf Krehl , Erwin Payr , Karl Theodor Paul Polycarpus Axenfeld , Ernst Ferdinand Sauerbruch , Otto Voss and others, contributed to the manual.

Awards

Fonts

  • The last 25 years in the military medical service (1874–1899). in: German Medical Weekly . 26 (1900), pp. 22-28.
  • Medical statistic considerations about people and army. Berlin 1910.
  • with Friedrich Thöle and Otto Voss: The gunshot wounds. 2nd Edition. Gräfe & Sillem, Hamburg 1913.
  • The old "Pépinière" - what it was and what has become of it. Researched and experienced things from old Berlin, Berlin 1917, pp. 49–56.
  • The activities and successes of the German field doctors in the world war. (= Introduction to the Handbook of Medical Experiences in the World War ), 1920.

editor

literature

  • Association of the German Academies (Ed.): German Biographical Yearbook. Volume III: The year 1921. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1927, pp. 222-223.
  • Robin Joppich: Otto von Schjerning (October 4, 1853– June 28, 1921). Scientist, general staff doctor in the Prussian army and head of the German field medical services in the First World War. Diss. Med. [Masch. Man.], Med. Fak. Univ. Heidelberg 1997.
  • Hermann Schmidt, Hans Bischoff (Ed.): On October 4, 1913, the 60th birthday of His Excellency the General Staff Doctor of the Army and Chief of the Medical Corps Prof. Dr. Otto v. Schjerning. A scientific festival from the ranks of the medical officer corps. Mittler, Berlin 1913.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dissertation: Trepanation with the antiseptic method.
  2. ^ Pagel: Biographical lexicon of outstanding doctors of the 19th century. Berlin, Vienna 1901, col. 1501–1502. , quoted from Zeno.org
  3. ^ WorldCat
  4. ↑ Paul Gerhardt Gladen : Corp panel of the Corps Guestphalia et Suevoborussia - according to the state of 28 2, 1990 . 1st edition. Kirchberg 1990, p. 245 .
  5. ↑ a b Volker Klimpel : Otto von Schjerning. In: Kolling, Hubert (Hrsg.): Biographical lexicon on nursing history “Who was who in nursing history”. Vol. 7 hps media Nidda 2015, pp. 235–237.
  6. ^ Wolfgang U. Eckart : Otto von Schjerning. In: Wolfgang U. Eckart , Christoph Gradmann (Hrsg.): Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the 20th century. 1st edition, CH Beck, Munich 1995; Medical glossary. From antiquity to the present. 2nd edition 2001, 3rd edition 2006, Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin, New York. Medical glossary 2006 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-29585-3 .
  7. ^ Ferdinand Sauerbruch, Hans Rudolf Berndorff : That was my life. Kindler & Schiermeyer, Bad Wörishofen 1951; cited: Licensed edition for Bertelsmann Lesering, Gütersloh 1956, pp. 188–193 and 254.
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s War Ministry (ed.): Ranking list of the Royal Prussian Army and the XIII. (Royal Württemberg) Army Corps for 1914. ES Mittler & Sohn , Berlin 1914, p. 15.
personal data
SURNAME Schjerning, Otto von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schjerning, Otto Carl Wilhelm von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian general staff doctor with the rank of general of the infantry
DATE OF BIRTH October 4, 1853
PLACE OF BIRTH Eberswalde
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 1921
Place of death Berlin