Pépinière Corps

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Casino of the Kaiser-Wilhelms-Akademie in Berlin (1904)

The Pépinière-Corps were student associations at the Pépinière , which was called the Medicinisch-Surgical Friedrich-Wilhelms-Institut from 1818 and from 1895 the Kaiser-Wilhelms-Akademie for military medical education . The three Corps Franconia , Suevo-Borussia and Saxonia moved their headquarters from Berlin to the new University of Hamburg in 1919.

Military Medical SC

From 1860 onwards at the Medical-Surgical Friedrich Wilhelm Institute there was talk of student associations that soon became established. The Bünder should replace the exclusivity of the individual semesters with one another with a community of young and old. In the winter semester of 1897/98, Friderico-Guilelmia (later Franconia) and Suevo-Borussia founded the Military Medical Chargierten-Convent , which stood for unconditional satisfaction . In the summer semester of 1903, he decided on the censorship . Couleur was introduced in the winter semester of 1904/05 . The three members of the Graubünden lived a communal life like corps , with kettledrums, a special day and occasional saber games, with a convent, pubs and lunch. The three Graubünden members did not belong to the Berlin Seniors' Convent (KSCV) because their members did not study at a university. They formed their own SC, which was in a frenzy with the SC in Berlin . With the adoption of the name "Corps" on October 19, 1907, the association was renamed SC at the Kaiser Wilhelm Academy (Berlin Military Medical SC).

During the one-year military service, the "Pfeifhähne" located at the Guard Füsilier regiment (the "cockchafers" ), or other regiments of Guards subjected were military foxes added. Five active semesters and five games were compulsory. The medical state examination was due after the 12th semester. Corps were selected carefully. After the then strict Abitur selection and admission to the academy, the admission was the third exam. Of the seventy freshmen who entered the Academy in 1913, Saxonia accepted five and Franconia accepted eleven.

The visit to the former Chancellor Otto von Bismarck (1895), the inauguration of the new academy building (1910) and the 25th anniversary of Kaiser Wilhelm II's reign (1913) were highlights of corps life at the Kaiser Wilhelm Academy. When the First World War broke out in 1914 , the members of the academy were called in by their respective units, the older semesters as junior doctors, the younger as medical ranks, the freshmen as field soldiers. The corps suspended. After the lost war, they celebrated “Emperor's birthday” on January 27, 1919 with Kommers and his father . Everyday student life was soon interrupted by the internal unrest in the capital. At the end of December 1918, Colonel Wilhelm Reinhard had asked for an officers' company to be formed to protect the government from the rebellious Spartacists . 140 students of the academy, including all members of the Saxonia, followed the call. For five days the company formed the government's sole protection. In March 1919 the government asked again for help. The "Saxons" took part in the battles in Berlin-Lichtenberg and Adlershof . On October 1, 1919, the Kaiser Wilhelm Academy was closed after the Treaty of Versailles . The three corps saw no chance of survival, especially since there were other effective connections in Berlin besides the six Kösener corps. So they suspended on October 5, 1919.

Franconia

The later Franconia emerged from the choral society "Military Medical Glottis", which was founded on May 13, 1861 at the Pépinière . The planned renaming in Friderico-Guilelmia (1897) was not approved by the management of the academy. Rather, she suspended both Friderico-Guilelmia and the also renamed Suevo-Borussia. All six charges of the two compounds were also arrested for six days. After two months, the old gentlemen were finally able to have the suspension lifted. The association thereupon adopted more and more corpse manners with compasses (1899) and determination mensuras (1903). Student fencing weapons were purchased because the SC zu Berlin was annoyed by the large number of guns. Choral singing was also abolished in the winter of 1902/03 in favor of fencing. The red-white-red Corpsburschenband (1904), the red student hat (Berlin format) and the red Kneipjackets (1906) were contested in vain by the Corps Holsatia of Franconia . From 1907 the association was called Corps Franconia . The compass was given its final shape. The motto was Pro patria et honore . The corps bow was also introduced , which could also be awarded to brides of old men on the day of their wedding.

Suevo-Borussia

On June 21, 1868, the Association of Students of Military Medical Education Institutions was founded at the Pépinière , from which the Suevo-Borussia emerged. The motto was Honeste et hilare .

Saxonia

The inevitable rivalry between Franconia and Suevo-Borussia as well as the introduction of the determination censorship with the need for a referee made a third connection desirable. This led to the founding of the Corps Saxonia on October 18, 1907. Following the military model, the other two corps each had to submit nine active members of different semesters and 60 old men . There were also voluntary reports. The federal government immediately led circles , student coats of arms and colors . The ribbon was red – white – green, the fox ribbon white – green. The large Berlin hat was green with white piping and a red-white-green border, the Kneipp jacket was black. The charged wore light green pekes .

In the First World War 18 of 170 members died. In April 1919, six more foxes could be taken in. The summer semester was not without internal tensions, which could not be avoided with the composition of the corps of war participants and high school graduates. After the Peace Treaty of Versailles , the Kaiser Wilhelm Academy was closed on October 1, 1919. The three corps could not stay in Berlin; because the six corps in the Berlin Seniors' Convent (KSCV) were enough and refused to accept the three Pepiniere corps. The HKSCV wanted and promoted their transfer to the newly founded University of Hamburg .

Hamburger SC

SC zu Hamburg - Franconia, Suevo-Borussia, Thuringia Jena, Albertina and Lusatia Breslau (1952)

In search of another university, the University of Hamburg, founded in May 1919 (determined by the trade unions), came up . 30 connections were already accredited in the winter semester 1919/1920. Cheruskia and Hammonia were dutiful corporations that came from the Hamburg Colonial Institute and had been founded long before the university. Cheruskia founded the Teutoburg Representatives' Association in 1919, which became part of the German Armed Forces in 1927 . As Corps Irminsul , the federal government came to the Rudolstadt Seniors Convent in 1933 and to the Weinheim Seniors Convent in 1934 .

The KWA corps were welcome in Hamburg; they should strengthen the patriotic forces in the fight against the left-wing radicals who are influential at the university. The situation called for serious and complicated decisions: the resolutions of the three corps and their SC, the approval by the SC zu Berlin, the application to the Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband and the changing decision of the suburb of Munich, the approval of the AHSC Hamburg and the finding helpful old gentlemen. On top of that, speed was of the essence because the corps expelled from the Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität Strasbourg were considering moving to Hamburg. The decisions made during the semester break meant that quite a few members of the three corps had to take off the ribbon so that their union could survive. One put it in a nutshell: “We could only have gotten a scale length by bad behavior on the street. I almost regret my good behavior at the time. ” The question of renunciation was resolved by members of the Hamburg Old Men Seniors Convent re-establishing the three corps and taking on the active members of the Berlin corps concerned. The old men could - if they had fought - be taken over with tape (which was approved by the oKC in 1920). The preliminary connections were recognized as corps-like. Those of her relatives who, for lack of their own light weapons, had fought with weapons from another corps, could also be taken over with tape. The others could become corps bow bearers .

Reconstituted on October 11, 1919 - eight days after the suspension in Berlin - the Berlin Corps founded the Hamburg Seniors' Convent. As with most Hamburg associations, the fights were on basketball. Her favorite bar in Hamburg was the Rieper beer house on Schaumburger Strasse.

Franconia

While still in Berlin, three inactive , five corps boys (who had been active before the war) and three foxes were taken on as connoisseurs . In order to move to Hamburg in the winter semester of 1919/20, Franconia was then re-founded as Kösener Corps by three old men from Teutonia Marburg , two AH from Guestfalia Greifswald and one AH from Rhenania Tübingen and one from Hannovera . As the foundation day of Franconia Hamburg, the oKC approved the founding day of the Berlin period, May 13, 1861. The formal re-establishment was necessary because Franconia, like the other two Pépinière Corps, was not part of the Berlin Seniors' Convent (KSCV) and therefore not in the Kösener Seniors Convents Association . At the time, the corps had almost 500 (mostly still living) old men. As the first fulfillment of its duties towards the new university town , the convention decided to set up a kind of assembly of the members of the corps, the closed entry into the volunteer corps Groß-Hamburg ( Freikorps Bahrenfeld ) to counter any expected unrest of the communists in the Weimar Republic . In 1923 Franconia took over 51 members of the suspended Saxonia. Franconia was one of the leagues that boycotted The Idea of ​​the Republican Constitution - an important speech by Rector Ernst Cassirer at the Hamburg Senate's constitutional ceremony on August 11, 1928. The active members of Franconia pursued sports (fencing, swimming, athletics) in addition to their studies and were involved in university politics in Hamburg in the Greater German Ring , which represented the interests of Hamburg's corporate students towards the National Socialist German Student Union and the Socialist University Group. In the summer semester of 1932 there were five NSDStB members, two corporates, two nationalists and three socialists in the Hamburg AStA. Due to further political developments, Franconia suspended on November 9, 1935, which was converted into a dissolution on February 12, 1936. The old gentlemen's association with headquarters in Berlin continued to exist and was not deleted from the register of associations in Berlin. Nobody dared approach the members Hippke, Handloser, Schröder and Rose. Two francs - Hans Günther Busch and Hans Riege - went down as squadron doctors with the Bismarck . During the war, the Franks met at the Military Medical Academy. Franconia was reconstituted in 1951 in the Hamburg Seniors' Convent. She concluded relationship contracts with Guestfalia Greifswald , Marchia Berlin (1934), Lusatia Breslau (1956) and Rhaetia Innsbruck (1961). In 1960 the Corps had 659 members. Due to a lack of young talent and internal problems caused by the 68 movement , the active corps decided to suspend on October 24, 1970 . The old gentlemen's association of Franconia still exists. The tradition bearer was the Corps Brunsviga Göttingen , with which a friendship treaty was signed in 1979 and which was then joined by a few francs.

Suevo-Borussia

After the military medical academy was re-established in Berlin on October 1, 1934, Suevo-Borussia resumed operations there on November 14, 1937 as a community of students . This made it the only free German student union. In 1944 the academy and with it the community were relocated to Breslau , where the corps had to be stopped towards the end of the year. On January 10, 1949, Suevo-Borussia was reconstituted in Hamburg. In January 1950 she was one of the 22 corps that joined together in the interest group and prepared the re-establishment of the KSCV. In 1950/51 she entered into a relationship with the Corps Holsatia and the Corps Hubertia Freiburg as well as a friendly relationship with the Corps Hannovera Göttingen . In March 1955, the relationship with the Corps Hansea Bonn was completed. She (like the Fusion Corps later) had provided a corps boy for this. In 1976, Suevo-Borussia had to suspend due to a lack of young talent. In 1978 she concluded a merger agreement with Guestphalia Marburg and terminated the relationship agreements .

Saxonia

Saxonia was re-founded in Hamburg by members of the Corps Franconia Tübingen , Saxonia Kiel , Thuringia Jena , Brunsviga Göttingen , Suevia Munich and Teutonia Berlin . Saxonia joined the Black Circle and entered into six conceptual relationships. The hat was given the Kiel format. The cooperation of the three Berlin Corps as SC zu Hamburg was considered exemplary, but the support from the Old Men Seniors Convent and the Academic Club in Hamburg was considered cautious. When inflation began to gallop, rents could no longer be paid and new enrollments became rare, the Corps decided to suspend the winter semester 1922/23. A merger agreement was signed in 1923 with Franconia, who had also moved to Hamburg, which lasted until 1930.

Hannoversch Münden

With Franconia's consent, Saxonia finally reconstituted in 1930 with the help of Cheruscia (the former Andree'schen Tischgesellschaft) in Hannoversch Münden . With that she regained her independence. At the oKC in 1931 she received a seat and vote in the KSCV and the rights of a senior citizens' convent . From the winter semester of 1932/33 there was a lump-sum relationship with the Göttingen Senior Citizens' Convention . The Corpsboy Convent suspended on November 1, 1935.

Saxonia looked after the comradeship "Bismarck" from 1937 . Members of the comradeship founded the Hubertus Club at the beginning of the 1946/47 winter semester. Saxonia's old gentlemen's association was reactivated on March 19, 1948. The Hubertus Club merged on November 2nd, 1951 with the Academic Hunting and Forestry Society to form the Academic Forestry and Hunting Society Saxonia . After the latter had refused to reconstitute the corps, Saxonia's AHV separated on March 15, 1955 from all members who did not adhere to the corps principle. Since June 24, 1956, the members of the Saxonia were accepted by the Corps Brunsviga Göttingen . The AHV was dissolved on December 15, 1956, but continued as a traditional association until 1987.

Conditions

Saxonia was friends with the Corps Saxonia Kiel (1935/1920) and Hercynia Tharandt (1950/1933). Since 1920 she was in conceptual relationships with Borussia Greifswald , Normannia Berlin and Brunsviga Göttingen.

review

Like the four Strasbourg Corps , the KWA Corps found it very difficult to gain a foothold at another university and another senior citizens' convention after the First World War. With the suspension of Saxonia (1935), Suevo-Borussia (1976) and Franconia (1979) they were history.

  • Franconia

  • Suevo-Borussia

  • Saxonia

Members

Otto von Schjerning was the only whistle to become an honorary member of all three corps in 1907.

Francs

  • Heinrich Bonhoff (1864–1940), full professor of hygiene in Marburg
  • Paul Bonte (1862–1940), Marine Chief Medical Officer
  • Bernhard Fischer (1852–1915), full professor of hygiene in Kiel
  • Georg Gaffky (1850–1918), director of the later Robert Koch Institute in Berlin
  • Erwin Gohrbandt (1890–1965), professor of surgery at the Charité
  • Carl Großheim (1843–1917), general physician
  • Walter Groth (1883–1947), General Physician in the Air Force
  • Rudolf Gunderloch (1885–1962), Commander of the Military Medical Academy, General Staff Doctor
  • Siegfried Handloser (1885–1954), head of the Wehrmacht's medical services, convicted in the Nuremberg medical trial
  • Adolf von Hecker (1852–1924), General Staff Doctor, Sanitary Inspector
  • Heinrich Hetsch (1873–1947), bacteriologist
  • Erich Hippke , Chief Medical Officer of the Air Force
  • Berthold von Kern (1848–1940), medical inspector, professor of philosophy
  • Albert Köhler (1850–1936), full professor of surgery at the KWA
  • Otto Schmiedicke (1858–1922), senior general practitioner
  • Paul Kohlstock (1861–1901), tropical medicine specialist, senior staff doctor in the East Asian expeditionary force
  • Ernst Krause (1859–1942), senior general practitioner, botanist in Strasbourg and Rostock
  • Max Neve (1900–1965), Medical Director of the German Hospital in Buenos Aires
  • Kurt Oehlmann (1886–1948), General Staff Doctor
  • Erich Paulun (1862–1909), medical officer, university professor in Shanghai
  • Alexander Remus (1887–1964), General Staff Physician
  • Gerhard Rose (1896–1992), Vice President of the Robert Koch Institute and advisory hygienist for the Air Force
  • Reinhold Ruge (1862–1936), senior general practitioner, professor of tropical medicine at the CAU
  • Hermann Schaper (1840–1905), general physician, director of the Charité
  • August Scharnke (1885–1931), medical officer, university professor for psychiatry
  • Paul Schmidt (1856–1921), Marine General Staff Doctor, Chief of the Medical Corps of the Imperial Navy
  • Oskar Schröder (1891–1959), head of the Air Force's medical services
  • Wilhelm Schultze (1840–1924), medical officer, university professor for surgery in Tokyo
  • Wilhelm Schultzen (1863–1931), Army Medical Inspector of the Reichswehr
  • Franz Stahr (1842–1904), general physician
  • Paul Stenger (1865–1940), full professor of ENT in Königsberg
  • Otto Tilmann (1862–1934), full professor of surgery, rector in Cologne
  • Paul Uhlenhuth (1870–1957), hygienist
  • Willy Vorkastner (1872–1931), full professor of forensic medicine in Halle
  • Edgar Wutzdorff (1855–1923), director of the Imperial Health Department
  • Hans Ziemann (1865–1939), chief physician of the Imperial Protection Force for Cameroon, co-founder of the Institute for Tropical Medicine at the University of Berlin

Swabian Prussia

Saxony

literature

  • Adolf von Hecker : From the life and goings-on of the students at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Institut in the 1970s (souvenir sheets for the 100th anniversary of the foundation of the military medical educational institutions). ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1895.
  • AHV of the Corps Suevo-Borussia (ed.): History of the Corps Suevo-Borussia Berlin-Hamburg. 1868-1968 . Hamburg 1968.
  • Georg Bacmeister: Franconia and Saxonia . In: Georg Bacmeister: History of the Corps Brunsviga, Part II: 1924–1993 . Self-published by the Association of Alter Herren des Corps Brunsviga zu Göttingen, 2002 (Ströher Druckerei und Verlag KG, Celle).
  • Hans Brettner: The Corps Franconia in Hamburg 1911–1929 , Part II. Hamburg 1929.
  • Alfred Dengel: The Corps Franconia . Berlin 1911.
  • Paulgerhard Gladen : The SC at the Kaiser Wilhelm Academy Berlin . Einst und Jetzt 51 (2006), pp. 211–217.
  • Paulgerhard Gladen : Corp panel of the Corps Hann. Münden (manuscript)
  • Sigurd Werner: The Corps Saxonia Berlin – Hamburg – Hann. Münden , 1971.

Web links

Commons : Pépinière-Corps  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Paulgerhard Gladen: History of the student corporation associations , Vol. II, Würzburg 1985, p. 20.
  2. ^ Ernst Hans Eberhard : Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 61.
  3. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1930, pp. 598–608
  4. ^ Emily J. Levine: Dreamland of Humanists: Warburg, Cassirer, Panofsky, and the Hamburg School . University of Chicago Press, 2013, ISBN 978-0-226-06171-9 ( google.com [accessed on January 20, 2016] p. 365. It is quoted from Rainer Nicolaysen , in Hamburg in the Third Reich 2005, p. 339 there ).
  5. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, p. 60
  6. ↑ Handbook of the Kösener Corps Student 1953, p. 212
  7. ^ Jobst von Eine: Semester -bericht Suevo-Borussia . 1955, p. 8 .
  8. ↑ Klaus-Reinhard Wachs, speech on the 160th Foundation Festival of Guestphalia Marburg (Hamburg 2000)
  9. ↑ a b Paul Gerhardt Gladen: The Kösener and Weinheimer Corps: Her performance in individual chronicles . WJK-Verlag, Hilden 2007, ISBN 978-3-933892-24-9 , pp. 148-149.