Corps Marchia Berlin

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Coat of arms of the Corps Marchia Berlin
University : Free University of Berlin
Technical University of Berlin
Humboldt University of Berlin
Foundation date: November 26, 1810 in Berlin
Umbrella organization: KSCV
Seniors Convent: Berliner SC
Motto: Vir fortis contemnit mortem
Heraldic sayings: Virtute pauci magna valent

Sola mors foedus solvit

Colours:
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Fox colors:
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Circle:
Circle of the Corps Marchia
Homepage: www.corps-marchia.de

The Corps Marchia Berlin is the oldest student association in Germany's capital. She is a member of the Berlin Seniors' Convention and has always stood for the scale and color. It brings together students and alumni from the Humboldt University, the Free University of Berlin and the Technical University of Berlin. The name Marchia refers to the Mark Brandenburg .

Color

The "Märker" wear the colors orange-white-gold with golden percussion . The foxes wear a ribbon in the colors orange-white-orange, also with golden percussion. A small orange cap (occiput) is worn for this. The pub jackets are black with orange, white and gold cords.

The color orange refers to Luise Henriette von Oranien , wife of Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg ("Great Elector").

The corps has the motto “Vir fortis contemnit mortem!” (“The courageous man despises death!”) And the two heraldic slogans “Virtute pauci magna valent!” (“Few can do a lot through bravery!”) And “Sola mors foedus solvit ! ”(“ Only death cancels the covenant! ”).

history

Beginnings in Frankfurt an der Oder (1786–1810)

The official foundation year of the Corps Marchia is 1810. However, its roots go back around 25 years. In opposition to the then existing student orders at the Brandenburg University of Frankfurt , several former members of the order, under the leadership of the later War Council Grothe, established a reform association on July 3, 1786, which, with the growing number of members on the basis of the country team origin, became part of the Prussian, Pomerania, Silesians and Märker split up. The Pomeranians, who were weak in terms of staff, joined the Märker in 1800 and formed the Brandenburg-Pomeranian Kränzchen with them (also known as the Brandenburg-Pomeranian connection). An early version of a constitution from 1802 shows the degree of organization during this period and how it was differentiated from the older orders. The abolition of the University of Halle in 1806 again led to an increased influx of Pomeranian and Brandenburg students to Frankfurt, so that the two groups separated again. The split took place on November 16, 1807. The following day the Brandenburg Kränzchen was reconstituted.

Moved to Berlin and early 1810 to 1837

Frankfurt and Berlin Märker 1811

In 1810 the University of Berlin was re-established. Some members of the Märkisches Kränzchen who moved from Frankfurt to Berlin also founded a Marchia in Berlin in 1810, but this was not recognized by all Frankfurt Märkers and therefore initially dissolved again in autumn 1810. On November 26th, 1810 it was re-established with colors and motto ( Sucurre cadenti , German: "Hurry to help the falling!") Of the Brandenburg connection in Frankfurt. The Frankfurt uniform was also explicitly retained. After the Frankfurt University was dissolved in August 1811 and relocated to Breslau and further Märker moved from Frankfurt to Berlin, it merged with the remnants of the Frankfurt Märker in September 1811. The continuity is also proven by entries in the family book of the Märker August Hermann Klaatsch. Corps Marchia is the group that brought the student customs of the 18th century to the university, which was founded in 1810, and established it there. It is the oldest student association in Berlin.

The wars of liberation that broke out shortly after the founding of the corps brought active life to a standstill in February 1813, as the Märker volunteers volunteered to take up arms. In the register of the Märkische connection it says: “The members of the connection met for the last time on February 17th, 1813 under the senior Peter Schmidt in the convent. In accordance with the call for defense of the fatherland made on the 9th of this month, on the 10th our association was declared dissolved and everyone who was not ill rushed to exchange the blow for the sword. “After the return of most of the members from the field Marchia resumed operations in November 1814. The continuation of the acts of war in 1815 interrupted active operations again until April 1816. Under the influence of the fraternity movement, there was another suspension from March 9, 1818 to January 24, 1819. During the reconstitution in 1819, Marchia took on the colors orange-white and the motto vires concordia firmat (German: "Unity strengthens the forces."). In 1819 it was first referred to as the Corps.

The following years were extremely changeable for the corps. In the years to come, a number of new compatriots were founded at Berlin University and joined the local senior citizens' convention. But more and more associations were established at other university locations that felt obliged to follow the principles of the later corps, partly with the support of Berlin Märkern. The only one of the founders of the Corps Saxo-Borussia Heidelberg who had previously belonged to another association was Berliner Märker. In the following semesters, several other Märker became active at Saxo-Borussia. In 1821 the Corps merged with the Landsmannschaft Thuringia, founded in 1819, whereby the original colors, orange and white, were added as a third color, gold. During these years two of the most prominent members of Marchia, the later Lord Mayor of Berlin, Heinrich-Wilhelm Krausnick and the Prussian Finance Minister and Prime Minister-designate of Prussia, Albrecht Graf von Alvensleben, were active.

Because of the prohibition of student connections in the Karlovy Vary resolutions , active operations could only take place more or less secretly. In 1822 the Corps was again forced to dissolve. Under the pressure of the executive, one could only act covertly, and the spirit of the corps was lived on in so-called beer kingdoms. The members of the Marchia initially joined the beer kingdom of the Joachimsthalers, from which an unsuccessful attempt to reconstitute the corps took place in secret, which failed in 1828 due to the vigilance of the authorities. Then they gathered in the beer kingdom of Flanders and Brabant, from 1838, favored by the relaxation of the political climate, which Marchia could be re-established. This year was also listed as the founding year of the corps until 1919 and a predecessor of today's corps coat of arms was created, as well as the circle used to the present day.

The Corps from 1838 to 1914

Former house of the Corps Marchia around 1910, Englische Strasse 14
Berliner Märker on Adolph von Menzel's student torchlight procession (1859)

In the years that followed, up to around 1860, there were strong upward and downward movements in the number of active members and the corps had to close repeatedly for a few semesters due to a lack of young people, from June 1840 to July 1852, winter semester 1845 to November 1848 and from 1854 to November 1855 and most recently 1870/71. The Thuringian Felix Freiherr von Stein from Jenens was instrumental in the reconstitution of 1848. The reconstitution of 1871 was mainly carried out by three members of the Rhenania Heidelberg , which maintained official relations with Marchia from 1868 to 1873. The 50th anniversary of the university of Friedrich-Wilhelms University was established in October 1860 involving the student societies, including Marchia the oldest Berliner connection in a prominent place with a large program and parade, an evening torchlight procession and a project funded by the city of Berlin student Kommersbuch in Exercierhaus of Kaiser-Franz-Garde-Grenadier-Regiment No. 2 celebrated at today's Heinrich-Heine-Platz.

Other external contacts also came about during this phase, including cartels with Palatia Bonn , Guestphalia Halle , Marchia Breslau and Thuringia Jena . The oldest relationship between Marchia that still existed in 2012, today's cartel with Rhenania Tübingen , was concluded in 1861 as a friendship. Relationships were also established with other corps that were later assigned to the blue circle, such as Masovia Königsberg and Guestfalia Greifswald . In addition to Rhenania Heidelberg, other corps that today belong to other social circles or are considered “independent”, such as Suevia Munich and Hasso-Nassovia , concluded relationships with Marchia during these years.

In 1873 there was an estrangement between Marchia and the proportional corps and the corps had to cease active operations again. This suspension lasted until 1889. In the reconstitution, in addition to the aforementioned, even more corps belonging to the meanwhile created blue circle such as Lusatia Leipzig , Rhenania Freiburg and Teutonia Marburg took part . In the following years up to the beginning of the First World War , the number of active participants rose steadily and numerous relationships with other corps of the blue circle were established.

In 1909, Marchia was the first Berlin corps to acquire its own corp house on Englische Strasse in Charlottenburg, where around twenty other corps later settled. The general enthusiasm for war at the outbreak of the First World War led to the active operation of the Corps again being terminated when numerous Märker volunteers volunteered for military service.

In the Weimar Republic

The Marchia reopened in December 1918. By a resolution of the Kösener Congress in 1919, the Marchia was allowed to set its foundation date back to November 26, 1810, after the Frankfurt family register had been cited as historical evidence. This date is still used today as the official foundation date. The request for backdating to the year 1786, i.e. the establishment of the Kränzchen in Frankfurt, was officially waived on the grounds that they did not want to make themselves older than their alma mater, the Berlin University founded in 1810.

The times of the Weimar Republic were for the Berlin Corps, as well as for Marchia, the phase with the highest number of active and traffic guests. In 1928 Marchia had 23 active participants and 12 receptions. Most members were in the years 1928/29 with 29 active members and 11 and 15 receptions. In 1929, 42 corps students (MC) and 53 traffic guests (VG) were registered with Marchia, in 1933 35 MC and 85 VG. At that time Marchia was the strongest corps of the Berlin Seniors' Convent. As a result of this increase, the house on Englische Strasse became too small. In March 1928, the Corps acquired the Siegmundshof 17 property built in the 1880s in the immediate vicinity of the Tiergarten train station.

During National Socialism 1933 to 1942

The time of National Socialism led to deep internal conflicts at Marchia. There were a number of supporters of National Socialism, but also opponents. After the leader principle was introduced in 1933 under strong pressure from the regime and after a violent dispute in the umbrella organization, this also happened at Marchia in 1935. In 1936 the NSDAP planned further repression against the members of still existing student corporations. In order to protect the remaining corps brothers and to save them conflicts of conscience, Marchia decided on March 1, 1936, the final dissolution. The Marchia house had to be sold in 1938.

In the years 1937 and 1938, the beer kingdom of Flanders and Brabant came alive for a short time, as it did during the times of oppression by the Karlovy Vary resolutions, but did not have a long lifespan. In 1941/42 there was a Neomarchia under the auspices of a few elderly gentlemen of the corps; the majority felt the risk of violating the prohibitions was too great. Nevertheless, scales were fought on their colors. It was mainly based at the Military Medical Academy, whose commander - himself a corps student - turned a blind eye to the prohibited activities. A young assistant doctor, who came from the leadership of the Hitler Youth and was a staunch National Socialist, learned of the Marchia’s recent appearance and denounced it to the commanding officer, threatening to report further upwards if operations were not to be closed. In view of this, the commander could no longer tolerate the corps and Neomarchia had to dissolve.

In the subsequent chaos of war, numerous valuable traditional objects of Marchia were lost. This included the Märkische connection's register, of which today only a facsimile of a few pages, two excerpts and the passages cited in the Marchia corps history published by Albert Marth in 1919 are preserved. Other items, such as a flag presumably from 1848, the first corps coat of arms as an oil painting from around 1840, as well as numerous pictures and lithographs survived the war in the care of old men who had brought the items to safety. The former corp house in Siegmundshof, which had already been sold at the time, was destroyed.

From reconstitution to the 21st century

Märkerhaus in Dahlem

After the end of the war, the foundation of the Free University in 1948 created the basis for the resumption of active operations in the western sector of the divided city of Berlin. Among the signatories of the call for founding was the FDP politician and Märker Carl-Hubert Schwennicke , who was awarded honorary membership due to his services to Marchia.

In 1951 it was decided to resume operations, initially advocating a reconstitution of the corps at a university in the Rhineland. The unforeseeable future of the enclosed city of Berlin was named as one of the reasons. Ultimately, the majority of the members of the corps decided to return to West Berlin. There it was officially reconstituted on May 5, 1951.

After the Corps Borussia was reopened in 1952 with Marchia's support, the Corps Normannia returned to Berlin in the summer semester of 1953 and the former Corps Vandalia and Teutonia were reconstituted as Corps Vandalia-Teutonia, so that the Berlin Seniors' Convent consisted of four corps again. In 1953 Marchia was able to move into a new corp house in Thielallee before the Villa Drimborn in Bernadottestrasse 68, which is still the headquarters of the corps, was bought in 1957. The property has been a listed building since 2010.

After the construction of the Berlin Wall , members of the Marchia involved in crossing services . Probably the most well-known action with the participation of several Märker are the events around the tunnel 57. A GDR border policeman was killed during an exchange of fire. The death was taken up extensively by the GDR propaganda. The alleged gunman Christian Zobel was a member of the Marchia.

Since its reconstitution in 1951, Marchia has been continuously active, so that in 2010 the 200th foundation festival of the oldest corporation in Berlin could be celebrated. Also in 2010, the Pennalcorps Iuventa was founded under the patronage of Marchias by four students from various Berlin high schools. Although it is organizationally independent, it is closely linked to Marchia. This student association now wears the original Marchia colors, orange and white. Marchia is currently the largest Kösener Corps in Berlin.

Principles

According to the principles of its umbrella organization, the Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband (KSCV), the Corps Marchia also represents the principle of tolerance. This means that the corps takes a neutral stance on political issues and, as an association of persons, does not represent a uniform political direction. The individual corps member can independently be politically active. In addition, any male student enrolled at a Berlin university, regardless of ethnicity, nationality or religion, can become a member of the corps.

Relative Corps

Fridolin Thiel (1845)

With one exception, Onoldia Erlangen (only affiliated), Marchia only maintains relationships with blue corps.

Cartels

Friends

Imagination

Known members

Lord Mayor Krausnick

Holder of the Klinggräff Medal

The Klinggräff Medal of the Stifterverein Alter Corpsstudenten was awarded to:

  • Jörg Richter (1996)

literature

  • Marion Detjen: A hole in the wall. The history of refugee aid in divided Germany 1961–1989 . Siedler, Munich 2005. ISBN 978-3-88680-834-2
  • Eckart Dietrich, Ulrich Dëus-von Homeyer: 1810–2010, 200 years of the Berlin University, 200 years of the Berlin Corps: A collection of student historical works, presented to the 70th German Student History Conference , 2nd improved edition. Self-published, Berlin 2010.
  • Wilhelm Fabricius : The German Corps. A historical representation with special consideration of the scaling . Berlin 1898.
  • Max Lenz : History of the Royal Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin , vol. 2, part 1, bookstore of the orphanage, 1910, p. 152 f.
  • Albert Marth: History of the Corps Marchia . Berlin 1919.
  • Kurt Meyer: The colored corporations at the University of Berlin from 1810-1870 . Once and Now, Yearbook of the Association for Corps Student History Research , Vol. 6 (1961), pp. 130–140.
  • Priem, Schwennicke, Lehmann, Staub: The Marchia Corps History, Volume II , Berlin 1985.
  • Erich Röhlke: The beer kingdoms at Marchia Berlin . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 9 (1964), pp. 153-165.
  • Erich Röhlke: About the registry of the Märkische connection to Frankfurt a. O. and Berlin since November 17, 1807 . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 10 (1965), pp. 146-160.
  • Erich Röhlke: Again: About the Berlin Märker register since November 17, 1807 . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 11 (1966), pp. 165-170 (with list of members).
  • Sven Waskönig: Working the Berlin connecting students in the Third Reich by the example of Kösener Corps at the Friedrich-Wilhelms University , in: Christoph year (eds.): The University of Berlin in the Nazi era ., Vol I: structures and people . Franz Steiner Verlag 2005. ISBN 3-515-08657-9 , pp. 159-178.
  • Egbert Weiß : Frankfurter and Berliner Märker 1811 . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 37 (1992), p. 186.
  • Association of Alter Berliner Märker eV; Corps history Volume III 1961 - 2010

Web links

Commons : Corps Marchia Berlin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Erich Röhlke, Orange - Study on the symbolic content of a Kösener Corps color, in: Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 14 (1969), pp. 137-148.
  2. ↑ Printed by Meyer-Camberg (Ed.): 21 of the oldest Constitutions of the Corps and their predecessors up to the year 1810 , special issue Einst und Jetzt 1981, pp. 51–53
  3. ↑ Erich Röhlke: About the register of the Märkische connection to Frankfurt a. O. and Berlin since November 17, 1807 . In: Einst und Jetzt 10 (1965), p. 146ff.
  4. ^ Kurt Meyer: The colored corporations at the Berlin University from 1810 to 1870 . In: Einst und Jetzt 6 (1961), p. 131
  5. ^ Egbert Weiß: Frankfurter and Berliner Märker 1811 . In: Einst und Jetzt 37 (1992), p. 186
  6. ↑ Deus-von Homeyer: 1810-2010 200 years of Berlin University 200 years of Berlin Corps , p 96
  7. ↑ For details of the Märkern and the other Berlin Corpsland teams in the Wars of Liberation, see: Friedrich D. Hoffbauer, JA Voigt Sketches from the life of Friedrich David Ferdinand Hoffbauer: A contribution to the history of the Lützow'schen Corps , Waisenhaus, 1869 (digitized version)
  8. ^ Marth: History of the Corps Marchia . Berlin 1919
  9. ^ Wilhelm Fabricius: Die Deutsche Corps , p. 300, Meyer: The color-bearing corporations at the Berlin University , p. 131; Document according to the Löper register.
  10. ↑ Meyer: The colored corporations at the Berlin University , p. 131
  11. ^ Rügemer: Kösener Corps lists 1798 to 1910, p. 482 No. 2, Starnberg 1910
  12. ^ Fabricius: Die Deutsche Corps , p. 303
  13. ↑ Rügemer: Kösener Korps-Lists 1798 to 1910, p. 13 No. 96, Starnberg 1910
  14. ^ Rügemer: Kösener Korps-Lists 1798 to 1910, p. 13 No. 44, Starnberg 1910
  15. ^ Fabricius: Die Deutsche Corps , p. 349
  16. ^ Marth: Geschichte des Corps Marchia , p. 134
  17. ^ Albert Lindner: The Corps Thuringia. In addition to an appendix: The Duchy of Lichtenhain . Jena 1870, p. 56 ( digitized version )
  18. ↑ Heinz-Eberhardt Andres : The historical relationships of the Rhenania-Heidelberg to the other Kösener Corps that still exist today . Heidelberg 1955, p. 13
  19. ↑ Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin (ed.): Documents on the history of the jubilee celebration of the Royal Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin in October 1860 , J. Guttentag, 1863, p. 20 ff. ( Student regulation ... ) (digitized version)
  20. ↑ a b c d Marth: Geschichte des Corps Marchia , p. 163
  21. ↑ Marth: Geschichte des Corps Marchia , p. 188
  22. ↑ a b c d Marth: Geschichte des Corps Marchia , p. 197
  23. ↑ a b c Marth: Geschichte des Corps Marchia , p. 208
  24. ^ Ernst Hans Eberhard : Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 11.
  25. ↑ Marth: Geschichte des Corps Marchia , p. 221 f
  26. ↑ Prien in: The corps history of Marchia, Volume II . P. 11
  27. ^ Kösener corps lists 1960; summarized: Deus-von Holmeyer p. 62.
  28. ↑ Schlieper: The new Märkerhaus . In: Deutsche Corps-Zeitung 45 (1928/29), pp. 182-184.
  29. ^ Mohr in: The corps history of Marchia, Volume II . P. 64ff.
  30. ↑ Lehmann in: The corps history of the Marchia, Volume II . P. 80
  31. ↑ Erich Röhlke: About the Stammnbuch der Märkische connection , p. 146
  32. ↑ See: http://www.fu-berlin.de/sites/uniarchiv/fugeschichte/archivschaufenster/gruendungsaufruf/index.html .
  33. ↑ Lehmann / Staub in: Die Corpsgeschichte der Marchia, Volume II . P. 96 f
  34. ↑ Villa Drimborn
  35. ↑ Cf. Marion Detjen: A hole in the wall. The history of refugee aid in divided Germany 1961–1989 . Munich: Siedler 2005, especially p. 147, p. 155–158 and p. 385 with footnote 250.
  36. ^ WorldCat

Coordinates: 52 ° 28 ′ 5.6 "  N , 13 ° 17 ′ 18.5"  E