Kösener Corps in Austria

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Blue cartel: Athesia, Saxonia Wien, Teutonia Graz, Austria Prague

The Kösener Corps in Austria do not know the separation of academic and technical corps. The Weinheim Senior Citizens' Convention is not represented in Austria. The “German Corps in Austria” are members of the Kösener Seniors Convents Association through their Senior Citizens' Convents (SC) . In 2018 there are 6 SC with 14 Kösener Corps in Austria.

history

In the pre-March period were fraternities in Austria-Hungary banned. The establishment of corporations was only possible through a ministerial decree of March 31, 1848. Already with the disciplinary regulations for universities of October 13, 1849, § 11 of which read: Student associations are not permitted , but the old conditions returned. The ban was enforced to varying degrees. In Prague, Austria at the time, there were no student corporations whatsoever until 1859; in Vienna the Corps Saxonia Wien founded in 1850 could only exist in secret. Only after the Battle of Solferino did the authorities feel compelled to give in. This explains numerous foundation dates in the 1860s.

First Corps

Herulia Wien was founded in 1861. She was neither the first Viennese nor the first Austrian corps; because the (blue) Teutonia Vienna, founded in 1858 as a polytechnical fraternity , had declared itself a corps the year before and Cheruscia Graz existed as a pennales corps as early as 1858. Among the expired corps , Teutonia Vienna (Corps 1860) and Teutonia II still compete in the anciennity Innsbruck (1848). Rugia Prague is also older than Herulia. At times, the corps recruited the offspring from certain areas, such as Athesia from South Tyrol , Saxonia Vienna from Transylvania and Posonia from Carinthia . There were four corps in Graz, two in Innsbruck and nine in Vienna. They suspended after a few years, 13 in the 1860s. Two Viennese corps were only founded in the 1870s. Amelungia suspended in 1893, Borussia (the only one in Austria!) In 1873 after just one year. The corps declaration of the older Saxonia Wien did not take place until 1866, when Prussia had won the battle of Königgrätz and dissolved the German Confederation under Austria's leadership. Alliances of connections existed before, e.g. B. The united academic connections of Vienna from 1862/63. To this association belonged Danubia, Germania, Saxonia, (red) Teutonia, Hilaria and Moravia.

Small German setback

Melker Congress (1881)

In 1867, the Kösener applications for membership by Saxonia Wien and Teutonia Graz were rejected because corps students had fought against each other in the German war and the majority of the German corps tended towards the small German solution .

From December 15 to 20, 1874, an assembly of eleven corps of deputies met in Linz . The result was the spontaneous establishment of the Association of Corps of Austrian Universities . The association met again from March 24th to 30th, 1877 in Linz and was therefore also called the Linz Deputy Convent . Marchia from Brno , Joannea , Teutonia and Gothia from Graz , Rhaetia , Athesia and Gothia from Innsbruck , Schacht and Montania from Leoben , Austria and Frankonia from Prague and Alemannia from Vienna . There were also Austria from Brno , Norica from Graz, Suevia , Constantia and Moldavia from Prague and Saxonia , Danubia and Cimbria from Vienna .

In 1878 the 1st Congress of all Austrian Corps met in Melk . In 1879 26 corps, including the three Chernivtsi, came to the 1st Congress of Corps of the Austrian Universities in Melk. Above all, Theodor Christomannos and Viktor Kaspar prevent the separation of academic and technical corps as in Germany. In 1887 the Melker Congress dissolved; because under the influence of Georg von Schönerer the increasingly German national and anti-Semitic oriented youth turned away from the monarchical-liberal corps with their Jewish members. They flocked to the fraternities and defensive associations that were united in the Waidhofen Association , among other things .

In the three emperor's year , SC zu Innsbruck withdrew the application for membership that had already been approved by the Kösener Congress. In 1898 and 1901 Gothia Innsbruck and Athesia were accepted as the first corps in the KSCV. In 1902 Innsbruck followed as the first SC. In 1914 Joannea, Vandalia Graz and Suevia Prague applied for admission to the KSCV. Rhaetia did not follow until 1919.

Greater German solution

GeGe angles

After the First World War , the National Assembly declared German Austria to be part of the German Empire. When the Triple Entente powers (above all France) thwarted this decision, the KSCV made up for its "small German mistake": It accepted the remaining Austrian, Bohemian and Moravian corps. Her pioneers were Felix Busson (Joannea, Schacht), Alfred Wieser (Rhaetia, Austria Prag, Chattia Innsbruck, Frankonia Prag, Suevia Prag, Frankonia Brünn, Marchia Brünn) and Walther Hemmeter (Suevia Munich, Vandalia Graz, Alemannia Vienna, Gothia). Your Kösener advocate was above all Gustav Gotthilf Winkel . In gratitude he received the ribbons from Rhaetia, Suevia Prague, Frankonia Brünn and Marchia Brünn.

As the incumbent suburb of the KSCV , the Munich Seniors' Convent celebrated a welcome bar on the Makarenhaus on September 19, 1919 for the Austrian CCs accepted into the KSCV, i.e. for the SC zu Brünn (Austria, Frankonia, Marchia), Schacht Leoben (Montania is only being reconstituted on October 21, 1919), Austria-Prague to Frankfurt a. M. and the Vienna Corps Alemannia, Posonia, Saxonia and Symposion. More than 40 CC were represented. Before that, Berchtold Makariae had taken over the reception of these nine CCs in the KSCV at the house of the Corps Bavaria Munich (the incumbent suburb of the KSCV) in his capacity as chairman of the suburb commission for Austrian affairs. Apart from 14 Makars, the participation of the Munich Corps was low. The speech was given by Alfons Sack Normanniae Berlin. His manuscript was lost. As at the time of the Melker Congress, all Austrian corps were again united in one umbrella organization.

In 1922, the Corps Frankonia Prague , which had been reconstituted the year before, was received by the SC in Prague and at the same time by the KSCV through a new foundation. In 1923 the Corps Hansea and Cheruscia Vienna were accepted. As of this year, the KSCV comprised 24 Reich German, 4 German-Austrian and 3 foreign SC (Prague, Brno, Zurich). The application for membership by the Chernivtsi Corps was rejected in 1926. In 1935 the Corps Erz and the Corps Hilaritas Vienna joined the respective SC.

Corporate state

Little is known about the importance of the corps in the corporate state (Austria) . After the annexation of Austria on March 12, 1938, they had to suspend like the German corps.

Senior Citizens' Convention

Graz

  • Joannea

  • Teutonia

  • Vandalia

  • Danubia

With the connection, the 80-year history of the Senior Citizens' Convention in Graz seemed to have come to an end. After the Catholic connections were dissolved, the defensive corporations were advised to dissolve themselves. Invited to the ceremonial laying of the ribbon on June 11, 1938, they marched past the two universities in a torchlight procession to the Graz Landhaus . In the courtyard they took off their ribbon and hat.

Joannea

Teutonia

Vandalia

With the support of six Joanneers, Vandalia was founded on February 28, 1894. From March 13, 1898 to February 13, 1902 she was in the Hohensalzburger Senioren-Convent , from April 12 to July 12, 1902 in the Senioren-Convent of the Ostmark and from April 3, 1909 to February 11, 1911 in the Dürnsteiner Seniors -Convents Association . It was sent to the KSCV on June 5, 1919. After its dissolution on September 28, 1935, the "German Corps in Austria" remained linked in the working group of Austrian Corps . Vandalia suspended before the annexation of Austria on January 7, 1936. From 1938 she looked after the comradeship " Wilhelm Gustloff " with the Corps Joannea, the Corps Teutonia and the Landsmannschaft Viruna . In occupied post-war Austria , the old gentlemen's association was reactivated on June 14, 1952. Vandalia reconstituted on October 22, 1954. From October 4, 1976 to February 28, 1977 she was suspended. It belongs to the black circle . Burghard Breitner , Jakob Fellin , Robert von Fleischhacker , Werner Lederle , Andreas Mölzer , Wendelin Mölzer , Anton Steyrer , Karl von Terzaghi , Wolfgang Zanger , Falk Zipperer and Hans von Zwiedineck-Südhorst are Graz vandals.

Danubia

Of the legitimist corps , only Danubia Graz survived in the KSCV.

innsbruck

The first Austrian SC in the KSCV

Rhaetia , Athesia and Chattia founded the SC in Innsbruck in 1862. Gothia joined KSCV in 1898 and SC in 1902. Rhaetia moved to Augsburg in 2002 . Affiliated with the Munich Senior Citizens' Convention , Rhaetia is the only Austrian corps in Germany.

Leoben

Montania I and Tauriscia founded the SC at the Montan University Leoben in 1862 . With Montania (1872) and Schacht (1874) he was only accepted into the KSCV after the First World War. In 1935, the free corps ore was added by joining the SC.

Linz

Since 1980 SC zu Linz.

Salzburg

Since 1965 SC zu Salzburg.

Vienna

Saxonia and Teutonia II founded the SC in Vienna in 1866 - the year of the German War . With Saxonia (1850), Alemannia (1862), Posonia (1869) and Symposion (1886) he was reciprocated in the KSCV in 1919. Gustav Gotthilf Winkel and Josef Neuwirth took care of the recording . In addition:

  • 1922 Hansea: founded in 1908 at the University for World Trade , donated the rector's chain of office, excluded from the KSCV in 2018, but still a member of the VAC (Association of Old Corps Students).
  • 1923 Cheruscia (1882): was incorporated with the Anschluss of Austria and expired in 1989
  • 1935 Hilaritas: emerged from the pennalen fraternity Libertas , in 1935 after the dissolution of the KSCV in the SC. Suspended in 1960 due to lack of members, dissolved in Saxonia in 1961, expired in 2011
  • 1954 Hellas zu Vienna: donated in 1880

  • Hellas

  • Posonia

  • Saxonia

  • Symposium

Austrian suburbs

  • 1960 Vienna - Alemannia exhibits at the oKC in Würzburg with Dieter Waibel sp. Gothiae the first Austrian suburb speaker.
  • 1969 Graz - Arnulf Huber Saxoniae Vienna, Teutoniae Graz is chairman of the oKC. The Styrian Governor Josef Krainer senior is also there .
  • 1972 Innsbruck - the rector of the university, the Jesuit Emerich Coreth , travels to the oKC with the Innsbruck Corps and the local spokesman Christoph Rittler (Athesia) .
  • 1975 Leoben - Lambert Prohaska-Hotze Vandaliae Graz, Montaniae is oKC chairman. He is accompanied by the rector and the choir of the Montan University .
  • 1984 Vienna - Hellas provides the local spokesman with Adalbert Cramer .
  • 1995 Graz - Dietmar Preinstorfer Teutoniae Graz heads the first Austrian suburb in Bad Kösen after the return of the oKC in 1994 through German reunification.
  • 2001 Leoben - Erz appoints Peter Berger as chairman of the oKC for the first time.
  • 2011 Vienna - Wolf-Rüdiger Mölzer Vandaliae Graz, Saxoniae Vienna is the local speaker.

The working group of Austrian corps organized the Kösener working conference in Eberbach in 1984 .

literature

  • Richard Bayer : The Blue Cartel in Austria (1864–1877–1884–1901) . Once and Now, Yearbook of the Association for Corporate Student History Research , Vol. 32 (1987), pp. 11-55.
  • Kurt Bräunlich: The associations of the Austrian corps in the years 1874–1887 . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 10 (1965), pp. 83-101.
  • Kurt Bräunlich: The Austrian Corps 1887–1902 . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 14 (1969), pp. 76-88.
  • Alexander Graf: "Los von Rom" and "Heim ins Reich" - the German national academic milieu at the Cisleithan universities of the Habsburg Monarchy 1859–1914 . Lit Verlag 2015, ISBN 978-3-643-12834-8 . Online version
  • Robert Hein: The Austrian student associations and the German question 1859–1866 . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 8 (1963), pp. 36-44.
  • Walter Rabe: Austria's loyal corps of the First Republic . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 23 (1978), pp. 11-47.
  • Walter Rabe: The Vienna Corps Herulia 1861/62 . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 26 (1981), pp. 89-109.
  • Fritz Ranzi : The SC associations of the Vorkösener time in Austria . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 1 (1956), pp. 61-76.
  • Fritz Ranzi: Overview of the existing and suspended Kösener and vorkösener corps in Austria . Einst und Jetzt 5 (1960), pp. 114-117.
  • Fritz Ranzi: Corps and Burschenschaft in Austria changing ideas . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 6 (1961), pp. 73 ff.
  • Adolf Siegl : The Schiller Celebration in Prague 100 years ago, the cradle of the Corps in Austria . Deutsche Corpszeitung 1959, No. 6, p. 183.
  • Adolf Siegl: The Corpsphilister Association in the Czechoslovak state . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 14 (1969), pp. 160-162.
  • Ernst Stade: The Sudeten German Corps . Handbuch des Kösener Corpsstudenten, 4th edition (1953), pp. 119–124.
  • Rudolf Wagner: The corps student roots of the Czernowitz corporation life , in: German Pennälertum in Czernowitz . Regensburg 1991.
  • Alfred Wieser: The German Corps in Austria . Deutscher Corpsverlag, Innsbruck 1919.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Viktor Kaspar (Athesia, Montania, Saxonia Wien, Vandalia Graz): KCL 1930, 78/61; 98/66; 135/190.
  2. ↑ Richard Heuberger and National Socialism ( Memento from April 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ The founding years given in brackets do not match the foundation dates because the corps declaration of the respective federal government is considered the foundation date and none of the Viennese corps was founded as such; see Kösener corps lists 1960

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ E. Bauer : Again Berhard Stall . Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 9 (1964), pp. 185 f.
  2. ↑ Spulak of railway military: history dating from the years 1859-1884 Vienna Couleurs . Vienna 1914.
  3. ↑ E. Bauer (1968)
  4. ^ J. Herrlein : Corps Austria. Corps history 1861-2001 . Frankfurt am Main 2003, p. 65.
  5. ↑ Walter Rabe, in: Kösener Handbuch 1985, pp. 82–90.
  6. ↑ Rhaeten history; DCZ Volume 26, No. 9 of December 5, 1919, p. 18
  7. ↑ DCZ 1963, p. 68
  8. ^ Arnold Schober, Walter Linhart: 100 years of Joannea. An outline of the history of the Corps Joannea zu Graz 1861–1961 . Graz 1961, p. 68 f.
  9. ↑ a b Paul Gerhardt Gladen : The Kösener and Weinheimer Corps: Her performance in individual chronicles . WJK-Verlag, Hilden 2007, ISBN 978-3-933892-24-9 .
  10. ^ SC zu Innsbruck in the catalog of the German National Library
  11. ↑ The history of the AHSC in Salzburg until 1981 (Freedom Academic Association Salzburg)