Werner Steuber

Werner Julius Franz Steuber (born October 28, 1862 in Heiligenstadt ; † May 14, 1944 in Göttingen ) was a German medical officer and tropical medicine officer.

Life

From March 23, 1881 to February 14, 1885, Werner Steuber was a member of the Medical and Surgical Friedrich Wilhelm Institute . He became a member of the Pépinière Corps Suevo-Borussia (1882) and Saxonia (1907). At the end of August 1886 he was promoted to assistant physician and from the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin on January 22, 1889 to Dr. med. PhD .

In February 1890, as a volunteer in the (private) Wissmann troop , he experienced the uprising of the East African coastal population . During this time he tried to systematically combat malaria by giving the troops quinine at regular intervals . He stayed with the troops until the end of March 1891 and then switched to the Schutztruppe for German East Africa . He stayed there until February 6, 1893.

Back in Germany, he lived in Berlin , married Emma Walter (from Mühlhausen in Thuringia ) and became a staff and battalion doctor at the Pomeranian Jäger Battalion “Fürst Bismarck” No. 2 in Kulm , later Danzig and Dessau . On August 1, 1900, he joined the staff of the Schutztruppe in German East Africa for a second time and became head of the government hospital as chief medical officer. At the end of 1901 he took part in the program to combat malaria, also known as the malaria expedition , and traveled to Dar es Salaam for it . Here he was able to further investigate the systematic release of quinine for the fight against malaria. In 1902 he traveled to Bombay and British India on business to study practical plague control . He announced that the plague in India was limited to the indigenous population. Most recently, he was chief physician at the government for German East Africa. Steuber was a member of the Colonial Council from at least 1905 .

On February 2, 1903, Steuber resigned from the Schutztruppe as a senior staff doctor and was then employed as a regimental doctor in the infantry regiment “von Stülpnagel” (5th Brandenburg) No. 48 in Küstrin . From April 1904 he worked in the same capacity in the field artillery regiment "Oranien" (1st Nassauisches) No. 27 in Mainz until he was promoted to senior physician general to division physician of the 20th division in Hanover on February 18, 1908 . In mid-September 1908 he was transferred to the 1st Guard Division in Berlin .

After his promotion to general physician , from November 1912 he was corps physician of the IV Army Corps in the 1st Army, with which he moved to Paris during the First World War . In 1913 he was assigned to the medical office of the corps as head, and after the lost battle of the Marne he was responsible for evacuating the field hospital south of the Marne . Until 1918 he had fought on the Western Front , in the Balkans, Flanders and Lorraine .

In 1917/18 he was also chief medical officer for the German and Turkish troops in the Yildrim Army Group under the General of the Infantry Erich von Falkenhayn with whom he worked well. Here, too, he continued his systematic observations of tropical diseases and took her by the occurring cholera an isolation of those affected before. With the Army Group he was in Syria and Mesopotamia . He later wrote a book about his time and experience with the Army Group.

From April 1918 until the end of the war he was an army doctor in France and in 1921 he was retired from the army as chief doctor general . From then on he served as an army doctor in Palestine . In the same year he moved from Kassel to his wife's birthplace in Mühlhausen. There he was, later moved to Göttingen, deputy chairman of the supervisory board of Christoph Walter AG .

In 1911 he had the Order of the Red Eagle III. Class with a ribbon and in 1918 the Royal Crown Order followed, class II with swords.

Works (selection)

• General medical report on the Imperial Protection Force for German East Africa for the reporting year from April 1, 1899 to March 31, 1900.
• The duties of the German medical officer as a tropical doctor in the German colonies. In: German military medical journal. 12 (1903), pp. 769-786.
• The lepers and the mentally ill in German East Africa. In: Afrika, 1904, pp. 60–62.
• About the usability of European troops in tropical colonies from a health point of view. Mittler & Sohn , Berlin 1907.
• together with Alexander Becker , Conradin von Perbandt , Georg Richelmann and Rochus Schmidt : Herrmann von Wissmann. Germany's largest African. His life and work using the estate . Alfred Schall, Berlin, 1909.
  • therein by Steuber: The submission of the Kilima-Ndjaro area . Pp. 341-386.
• The advisory surgeon in World War . 1914.
• "Jildirim" - German fighters on holy ground. Based on his own diary entries and using official sources from the Reich Archives. Verlag Gerhard Stalling , Berlin Oldenburg 1922/1924.
• with Werner Beumelburg , Erich von Tschischwitz , Georg Strutz and Ludwig von Gebsattel : Battles of the World War. Edited in individual representations and published on behalf of the Reichsarchiv. Using the official sources of the Reich Archives. Gerhard Stalling publisher 1925.
• The chief medical officer in the war . The German military doctor, 2, 1937, pp. 281–285.
• Doctor and soldier in three continents. Schlegel, Berlin 1940.

literature

• Christian Andree (Ed.), Rudolf Virchow : Complete Works. Georg Olms Verlag , 2018, p. 359.
• Wolfgang Uwe Eckart : Medicine and colonial imperialism . Schöningh , 1997, p. 299.

Web links

• Paul Wätzold: Master list of the Kaiser Wilhelms Academy for military medical education (1910)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ also: 15. May 1941 in Göttingen
2. ↑ ^{a b} Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 61/183; 63/109
3. ↑ Dissertation: A clinical contribution to the teaching of leukemia.
4. ↑ Manuela Bauche: Medicine and rule: fighting malaria in Cameroon, East Africa and East Frisia (1890-1919) . Campus Verlag, 2017, ISBN 978-3-593-50696-8 , pp. 89 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
5. ↑ Colonial Office: Deutsches Kolonialblatt: Official Journal of the Reich Colonial Office . 1893, p. 54 ( google.de [accessed on May 22, 2020]).
6. ^ Rudolf Fitzner: German Colonial Handbook . Hermann Paetel, Berlin, 1901, p. 382.
7. ^ The German East Africa Archive: Introduction. Central administration . Archive School, 1973, p. 76 ( google.de [accessed on May 22, 2020]).
8. ↑ Manuela Bauche: Medicine and rule: fighting malaria in Cameroon, East Africa and East Frisia (1890-1919) . Campus Verlag, 2017, ISBN 978-3-593-50696-8 , pp. 95 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
9. ↑ Hans Auler: Race and Disease . JF Lehmann, 1937, p. 110 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
10. ↑ German Colonial Newspaper . 1905, p. 290 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
11. ^ Military weekly paper . No. 8 of January 27, 1903, p. 239.
12. ↑ German Colonial Lexicon (1920)
13. ^ Archive portal Thuringia
14. ^ Archives for Landes und Volkskunde of Lower Saxony . 1943, p. 166 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
15. ^ Prussia War Ministry: Ranking list of the Royal Prussian Army and the XIII .: Royal Wuerttemberg Army Corps . ES Mittler., 1914, p. 64 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
16. ↑ Helmut Becker: Aesculapia between imperial eagle and crescent: medical services and disease control in the Turkish empire during the First World War . Murken-Altrogge, 1990, ISBN 978-3-921801-43-7 , pp. 231 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
17. ↑ Guido von Frobel: Military weekly paper . ES Mittler., 1921, p. 17 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
18. ↑ Berlin Clinical Weekly . November 1921, p. 1316 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
19. ^ Handbook of German stock corporations . 1943 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
20. ↑ Berlin clinical weekly . A. Hirschwald., 1911, p. 1784 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).
21. ^ German military medical journal: Quarterly reports from the field of military medical and supply systems. ... I.-49. Vintage. [1872-1920.] ES Mittler & Sohn, 1918, p. 50 ( google.de [accessed on May 23, 2020]).