Carpinus londoniana
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Carpinus londoniana |
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Carpinus londoniana is a small tree of the genus of hornbeam ( Carpinus ) with overhanging branches. The natural range of the species is in Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and China.
description
Carpinus londoniana is a 10 to 13 meter high tree with dark gray or white gray bark . The twigs are pendulous, black-brown, densely downy and hairy with threadlike shaggy hair. The leaves have a 4 to 7 millimeter long, densely downy-haired stem. The almost leathery leaf blade is 6 to 12 centimeters long and 1.7 to 3.5 rarely up to 5 centimeters wide, elliptical-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate or oblong, pointed, tapered, tapered or tapered, with rounded-wedge-shaped, wedge-shaped , more or less rounded, rarely rounded or more or less heart-shaped base and an irregularly double-prickly serrated leaf margin. Eleven to 13 pairs of nerves are formed. The upper side of the leaf is bare, the underside has axillary whiskers on the side veins.
The female inflorescences are 8 to 10 inches long. The inflorescence axis is about 2.5 inches long, initially dense shaggy hairy and later balding. The bracts are glabrous, slightly overlapping, 2.5 to 3 centimeters long, 7 to 8 millimeters wide and three-lobed with a pointed or blunt tip. The middle lobe is narrowly elongated, sickle-shaped-elongated, lanceolate or sickle-shaped-lanceolate. The outer leaf margin is whole or serrated with an oval, flattened lobe of 2 to 3 millimeters, the inner part is whole with a rolled up basal lobe. The leaves have three to five veins of the first order, veins arranged like a network are present. As fruits 3 to 4 millimeters long and from 2.5 to 3.5 millimeters wide, broadly ovate significantly ribbed, with resin glands occupied Nüsschen formed. Carpinus londoniana flowers from April to June, the fruits ripen from July to September.
Occurrence and location requirements
The natural range is in Laos, in the southeast of Myanmar, in the north of Thailand, in Vietnam and in China in the south of the Anhui province , in Fujian , in the north of Guangdong , in Guangxi , in the southeast of Guizhou , in Hainan , Hunan , Jiangxi and Sichuan , south of Yunnan and Zhejiang . In China it grows in subtropical forests on mountain slopes at an altitude of 300 to 1800 meters.
Systematics
Carpinus londoniana is a species of the hornbeam genus ( Carpinus ). This is in the family of birch plants of the subfamily (Betulaceae) coryloideae assigned (Coryloideae). The species was first described scientifically in 1904 by Hubert Winkler . The genus name Carpinus comes from Latin and was already used by the Romans for the hornbeam.
There are four varieties :
- Carpinus londoniana var. Lanceolata (Handel-Mazzetti) PCLi with 6 to 8 centimeters long, 1.7 to 2.6 centimeters wide, lanceolate leaf blades and bracts with a 4 to 5 millimeter long central lobe. The distribution area of the variety is in Hainan in subtropical forests at altitudes of 600 to 800 meters. The taxon was first described in 1931 by Heinrich von Handel-Mazzetti in the Austrian Botanical Journal as a separate species Carpinus lanceolata , and in 1979 it was assigned as a variety to Carpinus londoniana .
- Carpinus londoniana var. Latifolia P.C.Li with foliage leaves with 6 to 7 centimeters long, 4 to 5 centimeters wide, elongated blade with a pointed tip and rounded base. The distribution area of the variety is in Zhejiang in moist forests on mountain slopes at heights of about 600 meters. The variety was first described by Li Pei Chun in 1979 .
- Carpinus londoniana var. Londoniana with a blade 6 to 12 centimeters long, 2.5 to 3.5 centimeters wide with a rounded-wedge-shaped or wedge-shaped, rarely more or less rounded or more or less heart-shaped base and an irregular, double-prickly sawn leaf margin. The bracts have an elongated or sickle-shaped elongated central lobe with a pointed or blunt tip.
- Carpinus londoniana var. Xiphobracteata P.C.Li having 6 to 12 centimeters long, 2.5 to 3 centimeters wide Spreite with irregular and double serrated leaf edge. The bracts have a lanceolate or sickle-shaped lanceolate central lobe with a pointed end. The distribution area of the variety is in Zhejiang in moist forests on mountain slopes at altitudes of about 700 meters. The variety was also first described by Li Pei Chun in 1979.
proof
literature
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , pp. 293 (English).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Pei-chun Li, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Carpinus londoniana , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, p. 293
- ^ Carpinus. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed July 26, 2012 .
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 130
- ↑ Pei-chun Li, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Carpinus londoniana var. Lanceolata , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, page 293
- ↑ Pei-chun Li, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Carpinus londoniana var. Latifolia , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, p. 293
- ↑ Pei-chun Li, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Carpinus londoniana var. Londoniana , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, p. 293
- ↑ Pei-chun Li, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Carpinus londoniana . Var xiphobracteata , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, page 293
Web links
- Carpinus londoniana. In: The Plant List. Retrieved July 26, 2012 .