Central European Line
The Central European Line ( CEL ) is a pipeline for crude oil that was built in 1966 and - with regard to the transport of crude oil - decommissioned. It starts from Genoa (Italy) and crosses the Alps to Ingolstadt (Bavaria). In Italy and Switzerland it is also known under the name Oleodotto del Reno , since its course leads in Switzerland and through Liechtenstein, specifically from Splügen to St. Margrethen along the Anterior Rhine and Rhine (Italian Reno ).
The transport capacity was 1.1 million barrels per day.
In the 1960s , a number of refineries went into operation along the Danube in Bavaria , which are located close to one another: ERIAG , Esso and Shell in Ingolstadt , BP in Vohburg an der Donau and ERN in Neustadt an der Donau . These companies were and are supplied by two oil pipelines that run from the Italian Mediterranean coast across the Alps to Ingolstadt. While the Transalpine Oil Pipeline (TAL) with almost twice its diameter is still in operation, the Central European Line was closed on February 3, 1997 due to environmental problems and high renovation costs.
After the Prague Spring , the Soviet secret service KGB planned an attack on the pipeline in 1968 in order to distract attention from the events in the CSSR due to the resulting pollution of Lake Constance . The attack was not carried out.
The CEL runs through Austria only on a short section in Vorarlberg and, in addition to the TAL, served to supply the Alpine region with oil. In the years 1979 to 1996 (data not known beforehand) 7 to 8 million tons of crude oil were transported to the Bavarian refineries annually, which corresponds to almost 15% utilization of the above-mentioned maximum capacity of 1.1 million bl / d.
Part of the pipeline was taken over by Ruhrgas AG in January 2000 and is now used to transport gas. In Switzerland, two gas suppliers each took over part of the pipeline. For the 133-kilometer section from Thusis over the Splügen Pass into Verderio, Italy, south of Lake Como, there is a project for a 400 kV direct current cable. The 55 cm steel tube is intended to accommodate a high-voltage direct current transmission line .
Web links
- Energy balance Bavaria on the website of the Bavarian State Ministry for Economic Affairs, Infrastructure, Transport and Technology
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Petroleum Association: Delicate change of use of a pipeline ( Memento of the original from April 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 532 kB), accessed on August 20, 2013
- ↑ The most important oil pipelines in Europe. In: mare . No. 67, April 2008, p. 30
- ↑ James JF Forest: Homeland Security: Critical Infrastructure. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006.
- ↑ Important pipelines in Austria (PDF; 643 kB), accessed on August 20, 2013
- ^ Office for Spatial Development Graubünden: Electrical transmission lines , accessed on August 20, 2013
