Ceropegia mahabalei
| Ceropegia mahabalei | ||||||||||||
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| Ceropegia mahabalei | ||||||||||||
| Hemadri & Ansari |
Ceropegia mahabalei is a species of plant from the subfamily of the asclepiadoideae (Asclepiadoideae).
features
Appearance, root, stem and leaf
Ceropegia mahabalei is a perennial herbaceous plant . An edible root tuber is formed as a perennial organ, which is slightly flattened with a diameter of up to 3.5 centimeters. The herbaceous, stem -round, hairy stem axes do not grow upright, 20 to 65 centimeters high, and are unbranched. The opposite leaves are very short stalked to sessile. The leaf blades are linear to linear-lanceolate with a length of 3 to 15 centimeters and a width of 0.3 to 1 centimeter. The upper side of the leaf is hairy and on the underside only the midrib is hairy.
Inflorescence and flower
The inflorescence is reduced to a single flower. The inflorescence stem is relatively short with a length of 0.5 to 1 centimeter. The hairy flower stalks are 0.5 to 1 centimeter long and extend to a length of up to 1.5 centimeters until the fruit is ripe.
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are subphrate with a length of 0.5 to 1.5 centimeters. The corolla is 5.5 to 10 inches long. The five petals are fused to a little less than two thirds of the total length to form a slender, almost straight to only slightly curved, outside bare corolla tube ( sympetalie ). The actual corolla tube is green at the base, otherwise purple-brown. The oval-ellipsoidal "crown bowl", which is around 20 millimeters long and 14 millimeters in diameter, is also green on the inside with purple vertical stripes and bare. Above the "crown bowl" the diameter continuously decreases 3 to 4 millimeters; the smallest diameter is reached approximately in the middle of the total length of the corolla. The corolla tube widens up to about 12 millimeters in diameter. With a length of 17 to 35 millimeters, the corolla lobes are narrowly triangular-linear with a wide triangular base. The ends of the corolla lobes are connected to one another and form a very slender, beak-shaped cage. The two " leaflets " of the corolla lobes are bent back along the midrib. They are dark green and brown-yellow inside and finely haired. The sessile, bald secondary crown is cup-shaped with a diameter of about 4 millimeters. The tips of the interstaminal side crown are broadly triangular and upright. The ends are divided into two parts and drawn out into triangular extensions. The tips of the inner staminal side crown, which are initially upright and incline at the ends, are linear with a length of 3 to 4 millimeters.
Fruit and seed
The paired, upright follicles standing at a very acute angle to each other are up to 4 centimeters long and straight to slightly curved; the greatest thickness of around 3 millimeters is already reached in the lower third. The development of the paired follicles is asynchronous, i. H. first one fruit develops to its final size, only then does the second fruit. The seeds are flattened and with a length of 5 millimeters and a diameter of 2.5 millimeters egg-shaped in outline with an edge. The head of hair is about 6 millimeters long.
Phenology
Ceropegia mahabalei was found blooming or fruit-bearing from July to September. It was found blooming at the natural site in September and October, as were already unripe fruits. In the gardens of the Botanical Survey of India in Pune (at an altitude of about 560 meters), Ceropegia mahabalei bloomed as early as July.
Similar species
Ceropegia mahabalei belongs together with Ceropegia attenuata , Ceropegia jainii , Ceropegia noorjahaniae , Ceropegia pusilla and Ceropegia spiralis to a group of species that all have tubers, are small and upright, and have linearly shaped leaves. However, they differ in details in the flower morphology . The shape of the corolla is similar to the corolla of Ceropegia fimbriifera .
Occurrence and endangerment
Ceropegia mahabalei has only been found at two sites in the southern Indian state of Maharashtra . One of the sites at an altitude of about 1000 meters on the Ralegaon mountain is about 10 km west of Junnar in the Pune district . The other site, Bhivade khurd, is located at an altitude of about 1100 m meters and is located 24 km west of Junnar in the Poona district. The variety Ceropegia mahabalei var. Hemalatae also comes from the Pune district.
Ceropegia mahabalei grows there on steep, open slopes between grasses. The thin soil is black and rich in humus. The slopes are foggy with cloudy skies during the rainy season . The variety Ceropegia mahabalei var. Hemalatae was found at an altitude of 900 to 1100 meters.
The species is considered endangered. The tubers are collected and eaten by the local population. The habitat is increasingly destroyed by grazing the areas during the flowering period. Attempts are currently being made to propagate this species in the laboratory and to rebuild free-range populations.
Taxonomy, systematics and phylogeny
The first description of Ceropegia mahabalei was made in 1971 by Koppula Hemadri and MY Ansari . The specific epithet honors TS Mahabale from the University of Pune . At the moment there is another variety Ceropegia mahabalei var. Hemalatae , which was described in 2012 by SSRahangdale and SR Rahangdale. They found just over 60 specimens of plants. The Varietätsname hemalatae honors Hemalata D. Sane, Pune.
The variety Ceropegia mahabalei var. Hemalatae differs from the autonym by stalked lanceolate leaves, the edge of which is slightly wavy. The inflorescence is a monochasial cyme with a smaller flower and shorter petal lobes; the beak-shaped cage structure is thus shorter. The corolla is greenish and hairy at the base. The tips of the outer interstaminal side crown are hairy (in Ceropegia mahabalei var. Mahabalei bald).
According to the molecular genetic analysis of the Indian species of the genus Ceropegia , Ceropegia mahabalei is the sister species of Ceropegia anjanerica Malpure, MYKamble & SRYadav.
supporting documents
literature
- Koppula Hemadri, MY Ansari: Ceropegia mahabalei Hemadri et Ansari - a New Species of Asclepiada- Ceae from Sahyadri Range, Western Ghats (Maharashtra State). In: The Indian Forester , Vol. 97, No. 2, 1971, pp. 105-108.
- Nilesh Vijay Malpure, Shamarao Yashwant Kamble and Shrirang Ramchandra Yadav: A new species of Ceropegia L. from the Western Ghats of India with a note of the Attenuatae of Huber. In: Current Science , Volume 91, No. 9, 2006, pp. 1140–1142, PDF (image)
- Ulrich Meve: Ceropegia . In: Focke Albers, Ulrich Meve (Hrsg.): Succulents Lexicon Volume 3 Asclepiadaceae (silk plants) . Pp. 61–107, Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2002. ISBN 3-8001-3982-0 (p. 88)
- SS Rahangdale, SR Rahangdale: Variety Novae of Ceropegia mahabalei Hemadri et. Ansari [Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae]. , In: The Indian Forester , Volume 138, No. 2, 2012, pp. 201-203.
Individual evidence
- ↑ CR Patil, SR Rahangdale, SS Rahangdale, SC Patil: Occurrence of tricarpy in Ceropegia attenuata Hook. (Asclepiadaceae). In: Current Science , Volume 88, No. 8, 2005, p. 25 PDF
- ^ A b Rajpur P. Bharati, Vinaya S. Ghate, Anuradha S. Upadhye, Mandar N. Datar: Tricotyledony in critically endangered plant, Ceropegia mahabalei Hemadri et Ansari (Apocynaceae). In: Current Science , Volume 103, No. 1, 2012, pp. 24-25 PDF
- ↑ Ulrich Meve: Ceropegia Checklist. A guide to alternative names used in recent Ceropegia classification. In: Dennis de Kock, Ulrich Meve: A Checklist of Brachystelma, Ceropegia and the genera of the Stapeliads. International Asclepiad Society 2007, pp. 83-113.
- ↑ Siddharthan Surveswaran, Mayur Y. Kamble, Shrirang R. Yadav, Mei Sun: Molecular phylogeny of Ceropegia (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) from Indian Western Ghats. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 281, No. 1-4, 2009, pp. 51-63 doi : 10.1007 / s00606-009-0182-8