White false cypress

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White false cypress
Knight's Pond White Cedar.jpg

White cypress ( Chamaecyparis thyoides )

Systematics
Class : Coniferopsida
Order : Conifers (Coniferales)
Family : Cypress family (Cupressaceae)
Subfamily : Cupressoideae
Genre : False cypress trees ( Chamaecyparis )
Type : White false cypress
Scientific name
Chamaecyparis thyoides
( L. ) Britton , Sterns & Poggenb.

The Atlantic White Cedar ( Chamaecyparis thyoides ) is a plant from the family of the cypress family (Cupressaceae). It is native to the coastal regions of the eastern and southeastern United States.

description

Trees in their natural habitat
Branch with cones

The white cypress grows as an evergreen tree that can reach heights of 20 to 28 meters and a breast diameter of 80 to 150 centimeters. The dark brown-red bark is up to 3 centimeters thick and has irregular furrows. The twigs fan out from the branches.

The scale-like leaves are around 2 millimeters in size. The leaf bases of the front leaves are often covered by the tips of the back leaves. The tips of the leaves are pointed.

The dark brown male cones are 2 to 4 millimeters in size. They contain yellow pollen sacs . The cones are irregularly shaped with a diameter of 4 to 9 millimeters. When ripe, they are blue-green to bluish purple to reddish brown in color. Each cone consists of six to ten cone scales, each of which carries one to two seeds. The winged seeds are 2 to 3 millimeters in size.

Distribution and location

The natural range of the white cypress includes the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the USA. It occurs there in the Atlantic Coastal Plain and the Gulf Coastal Plain . The distribution area on the Atlantic coast extends from Maine in the north to South Carolina in the south. The Gulf Coast stretches from Mississippi in the west to Florida in the east.

The white cypress thrives at altitudes from 0 to 500 meters. It grows mainly in wetlands.

Systematics

It was first described as Cupressus thyoides in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum 2, p. 1003 . In 1888 it was transferred to the genus Chamaecyparis in the Preliminary Catalog of Anthophyta and Pteridophyta Reported as Growing Spontaneously within One Hundred Miles of New York 71 by Nathaniel Lord Britton , Emerson Ellick Sterns and Justus Ferdinand Poggenburg .

The species is divided into two subspecies:

  • Chamaecyparis thyoides subsp. henryae (HL Li) AE Murray . It has a more open habit and is usually larger than subsp. thyoides . Their distribution area is on the Gulf Coast, in Alabama, Florida and Mississippi. Synonyms are Chamaecyparis henryae H.L. Li and Chamaecyparis thyoides var. Henryae (HLLi) Little . The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
  • Chamaecyparis thyoides subsp. thyoides is the nominate form. It occurs along the Atlantic coast of the United States.

Hazard and protection

The Atlantic White Cedar is in the red list of the IUCN out "not at risk". It is pointed out, however, that a new review of the hazard is necessary.

swell

  • Christopher J. Earle: Chamaecyparis thyoides. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, January 14, 2011, accessed December 30, 2011 .
  • Frank D. Watson, James E. Eckenwalder: Cupressaceae . Chamaecyparis . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Volume 2. Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 1993, ISBN 0-19-508242-7 , Chamaecyparis thyoides (English, Chamaecyparis thyoides - online - this work is online with the same text).

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g Christopher J. Earle: Chamaecyparis thyoides. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, January 14, 2011, accessed December 30, 2011 .
  2. ^ Frank D. Watson, James E. Eckenwalder: Cupressaceae . Chamaecyparis . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Volume 2. Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 1993, ISBN 0-19-508242-7 , Chamaecyparis thyoides (English, Chamaecyparis thyoides - online - this work is online with the same text).
  3. a b Chamaecyparis thyoides at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 30, 2011.
  4. a b Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Chamaecyparis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 22, 2019.
  5. Chamaecyparis thyoides subsp. henryae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 8, 2016.
  6. Chamaecyparis thyoides in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Accessed December 30, 2011th

Web links

Commons : White Cypress  - Collection of images, videos and audio files