Chantaika reservoir

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Khantaika reservoir
Хантайское водохранилище (Khantaiskoje Reservoir)
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Location: at Putorana Mountains , Krasnoyarsk Region , Siberia , Russia ( Asia )
Tributaries: Chantaika , Kuljumbe and many streams
Drain: Chantaika
Larger places on the shore: Snezhnogorsk
Khantaika Reservoir (Krasnoyarsk Territory)
Chantaika reservoir
Coordinates 67 ° 56 '29 "  N , 87 ° 44' 0"  E Coordinates: 67 ° 56 '29 "  N , 87 ° 44' 0"  E
Data on the structure
Lock type: Dams (3 stone / earth embankment dams
)
Construction time: 1963-1975
Height of the barrier structure : 72/12/33 m
Crown length: 420 + 1,967 + 2,520 m
4,907 m
Power plant output: 441 MW
Operator: OAO Taimyrenergo
(ОАО Таймырэнерго)
Data on the reservoir
Altitude (at congestion destination ) 60  m
Water surface 2,230 km²dep1
Reservoir length approx. 160 kmdep1
Reservoir width approx. 60 kmdep1
Storage space 13.43 km³
Total storage space : 24.54 km³
Catchment area 29,300 km²

The Khantayka River Dam ( Russian Хантайское водохранилище , Chantaiskoje reservoir), even Ust-Khantayka River Dam (Усть-Хантайское водохранилище), is an approximately 2,230 square kilometers large reservoir with 24.54 cubic kilometers of total storage space on the Khantayka River west of the Putorana mountains , the North-western part of the Central Siberian Mountains , in the north of the Krasnoyarsk region , of Siberia and Russia ( Asia ). Its three dams (4,907 m total length) and its hydroelectric power station (441 MW) were built from 1963 to 1975.

Geographical location

The Chantaika Reservoir is located on average just under 200 km north of the Arctic Circle between the western foothills of the Putorana Mountains (max. 1701  m ) in the east and the southern foothills of the mainly northern Lontokoiski-Kamen Mountains (max. 760  m ), where it extends in north-north-east-south-south-west direction on the eastern Yenisei tributary Chantaika . To the west, the landscape gradually descends over hilly terrain into the eastern foothills of the West Siberian lowlands .

While the reservoir is fed by the Chantaika coming from the east, which previously flows through the Chantaisee and Kleiner Chantaikaee , and numerous streams, the Chantaika, which flows into the Yenisei 62 kilometers below or west of the hydropower plant, is its only drainage.

While Sneschnogorsk, which belongs to Norilsk , is located at the reservoir's hydropower plant, the town of Igarka is located around 32 km west of the south-southwest end of the reservoir. Otherwise there are no other villages on the reservoir.

Reservoir

The bay and island-rich Chantaika reservoir has an area of ​​around 2,230 km² and 24.54 km³ of total storage space when it reaches its destination (full dam) , of which 13.43 km³ are usable; the rest serves as a flood retention basin or reservoir. Then it is around 160 km long and a maximum of around 60 km wide, with its water surface at around 60  m height and its average depth at 11 m. Every year the reservoir, whose water level fluctuates between 60  m and 52  m , receives 17.9 km³ of water.

Power plant and dams

Building history

Construction work on the dams and the hydropower plant, developed by the Lenhydro project , began on May 17, 1963 and in April 1970, the impoundment began. The turbines were installed between 1970 and 1972. The power plant went into operation on September 25, 1975. Several 220 kV high-voltage overhead lines were built until 1999 .

Dams

The dams of the reservoir, three stone and earth embankment dams , were raised near Snezhnogorsk (since 2004 belonging to Norilsk, 160 km further north ). The main dam is a maximum of 72 m high and 420 m long. There are also two side embankments: the left one is 1,967 m long and up to 12 m high, the right one is 2,520 m long and up to 33 m high. In total, the dams are 4,907 m long.

Ust-Khantaika hydropower plant

The hydropower plant Ust- Khantaika ( Russian: Усть-Хантайская ГЭС , Ust-Khantaiskaja GES ;  ⊙ ) integrated into the main dam has a machine hall in the dam that is 20 m wide, 139 m long and 35 m high. Its 7  Kaplan turbines of 63 MW each deliver a total of 441 MW, and the annual production of electrical energy is around 2 billion kWh. A modernization is planned, according to which the power plant should have an output of 511 MW with an annual production of 2.147 billion kWh.

The power plant is primarily used to supply the MMC Norilsk Nickel nickel combine . It is owned by the open joint stock company OAO Taimyrenergo (Russian: ОАО Таймырэнерго).

Flora and fauna

Boreal coniferous forests (taiga) thrive on the banks of the Chantaika reservoir , especially the high elevations of the surrounding mountains with permafrost soil are determined by the tundra with its mosses and lichens . For example, perch fish , pike and salmon fish live in the fish-rich reservoir .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Topographic map (1: 200.000, Bl. R-45-XXXV, XXXVI, Ed. 1989), north-northeast part of the Chantaika reservoir a. a. with Chantaisee (far right), Kleinem Chantaikaee (right) and the three still waters connecting Chantaika ; on mapr45.narod.ru (with heights above sea level )
    see also (connection     maps ):
    -  Topographical map (1: 200.000, Bl. R-45-XXXIII, XXXIV, Ed. 1989), middle section of the Chantaika reservoir u. a. with the southern part of the Lontokoiski-Kamen Mountains (top right), Snezhnogorsk (by the lake) and     Chantaika flowing west to the Yenisei ; on mapr45.narod.ru -  topographic map (1: 200.000, Bl. Q-45-III, IV), south-southwest part of the Chantaika reservoir a. a. with Igarka (bottom left) on the west flowing Yenisei ; on mapq45.narod.ru
  2. ↑ Description of the power plant on the website of the Russian stock corporation Taimyrenergo ( Memento from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Taimyrenergo in numbers on the website of the stock corporation ( Memento from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )

See also

Web links