Chantal Mouffe

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Chantal Mouffe (2013)

Chantal Mouffe (born June 17, 1943 in Charleroi ) is a Belgian political scientist and professor of political theory at the University of Westminster in London.

Life

Mouffe has taught and researched at numerous universities in Europe, North and Latin America . She is a member of the Collège international de philosophie in Paris. She is currently working on a non- rationalist approach to political theory and is involved in research projects on the rise of right-wing populism in Europe.

Your most important work, hegemony and radical democracy. To deconstruct Marxism , she published in 1985 together with her husband Ernesto Laclau (1935-2014). In this work, among other things, the two authors further developed Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony . The hegemony and discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe has developed into a central vanishing point of post-structuralist theory formation and has inspired and guided numerous empirical works in discourse research. At the center of the work of Laclau and Mouffe is the interest in questioning social structures and processes as well as the power relations associated with them and in revealing their contingency . H. to make it clear that these are always the result of political negotiation processes and are therefore in principle changeable.

For Mouffe, the most important aspect of the political is the antagonistic contradiction , which can neither be resolved by compromise nor eliminated by a consensus in a non-domineering discourse. Politics is always determined by the power of one adversary over the other. The conflict between them can only be contained by institutions. That is why Mouffe does not plead for an “exodus from the institutions”, but for a “debate with the institutions”. In her idea of ​​the irrevocable opposition between political actors, Mouffe refers explicitly to Carl Schmitt and his distinction between “friend” and “enemy” as a central feature of the political. In contrast to Schmitt, Mouffe argues that this opposition can be carried out peacefully within a democratically constituted community.

According to your thinking, Mouffe is to be assigned to post- Marxism . It criticizes the post-political situation in today's neo-liberalism and in favor of a new left-wing populism that you want to make the issues of social justice and equality back majority support and the right-wing populism opposes.

Mouffe is a member of the board of trustees of the Solidarity Modern Institute .

Fonts

Monographs

  • with Ernesto Laclau : Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. Verso, London 1985, ISBN 978-1-78168-154-1 .
    • German: hegemony and radical democracy. To the deconstruction of Marxism. Translated from English and with an introduction by Michael Hintz and Gerd Vorwallner. Passagen, Vienna 1991, ISBN 978-3-85165-749-4 .
  • The Democratic Paradox. Verso, London 2000, ISBN 978-1-85984-279-9 .
  • Exodus and trench warfare. The future of radical politics. With an introduction by Oliver Marchart, Turia + Kant, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-85132-422-6 .
  • On the political. Routledge, London 2005, ISBN 978-0-415-30521-1 .
    • German: About the political. Against the cosmopolitan illusion. Translated from English by Niels Neumeier, Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-518-12483-3 .
  • Agonistics: Thinking The World Politically. Verso, London 2013, ISBN 978-1-781-68103-9 .
    • German: Agonistics - Thinking the world politically. Translated from English by Richard Barth. Suhrkamp, ​​Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-518-12677-6 .
  • For a left populism. Verso, London / New York 2018, ISBN 978-1-786-63755-0 .
    • German: For a left populism. Translated from English by Richard Barth. Suhrkamp, ​​Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-518-12729-2 .

Editorships

  • Gramsci and Marxist Theory , London: Routledge 1979.
  • Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community , 1992.
  • Deconstruction and Pragmatism , 1996;
    • German: deconstruction and pragmatism. Democracy, Truth and Reason. , Vienna: Passagen 1999.
  • The Challenge of Carl Schmitt , London: Verso 1999.
  • The Return of the Political , London: Verso 1993.

Articles (selected)

  • Hegemony and New Political Subjects. A new conception of democracy , 1988, in: kultuRRevolution no. 17/18, 37-41.
  • Deliberative Democracy or Agonistic Pluralism . Vienna; December 2000 PDF
  • Hegemony, Radical Democracy, and the Political , ed. v. James Martin, 2013.

literature

  • Aristotelis Agridopoulos: The Return of A (nta) gonism? Mouffe's agonistic model of democracy and the political upheavals in Greece. In: Agridopoulos, A./Papagiannopoulos, I. (ed.) Greece in a European context: crisis and crisis discourses. Wiesbaden: Springer VS 2016 pp. 275–295.
  • Michael Hintz, Gerd Vorwallner: Marxism as radical relationism. Notes on the political philosophy by E. Laclau and Ch. Mouffe , 1988, in: kultuRRevolution no. 17/18, pp. 58-63.
  • Andreas Hetzel (Ed.): Radical Democracy. On the understanding of the state of Chantal Mouffe and Ernesto Laclau . Baden-Baden 2017, ISBN 978-3-8487-4191-5 .
  • Michael Hintz, Gerd Vorwallner: Socialism will be democratic or not at all. In: Chantal Mouffe, Ernesto Laclau: Hegemony and radical democracy. On the deconstruction of Marxism ("Hegemony and socialist strategy"). Translated from English and edited by Michael Hintz and Gerd Vorwallner, with a foreword to the German edition, 2nd edition. Passagen-Verlag Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-85165-453-6 .
  • Oliver Marchart: The Exodus from Egypt. An introduction , in Chantal Mouffe: Exodus and trench warfare. The future of radical democracy, Vienna: Turia + Kant 2005, pp. 7–23.
  • Oliver Marchart: Politics without a foundation. The political, the state and the impossibility of society in Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, in Michael Hirsch, Rüdiger Voigt (ed.): The state in post-democracy. Politics, law and the police in modern French philosophy, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner-Verlag 2009, pp. 133–144.
  • Oliver Marchart, Oliver Flügel-Martinsen: Topic Chantal Mouffe , in: Journal for Political Theory, 5 (2), 2014.
  • Rahel Sophia Süß : collective agency. Gramsci - Holzkamp - Laclau / Mouffe. Foreword by Oliver Marchart. Turia + Kant, Vienna 2010, ISBN 978-3-85132-767-0 .

Web links

Commons : Chantal Mouffe  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Theoretician of populism: Political scientist Ernesto Laclau dead. In: Spiegel Online . April 15, 2014, accessed October 7, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Georg Glasze, Annika Mattissek: The hegemony and discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe. (pdf, 149 kB) (No longer available online.) In: Handbook Discourse and Space Theories and methods for human geography and social and cultural space research. Archived from the original on May 17, 2017 ; accessed on October 7, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.geographie.nat.uni-erlangen.de
  3. ↑ Jörg Friedrich: Reflexe # 5: It's about power, not about being right. In: High air . March 20, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2018 .
  4. ↑ "Consensus is the end of politics" Interview with Chantal Mouffe, Philosophie Magazin , 5/2015
  5. ↑ Chantal Mouffe: For a left populism. In: International Politics and Society - IPG . March 30, 2015, accessed October 7, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Mouffe, Chantal
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Belgian political scientist
DATE OF BIRTH June 17, 1943
PLACE OF BIRTH Charleroi , Belgium