Charlotte Amalie von Hessen-Wanfried
Charlotte Amalie von Hessen-Wanfried (* March 8, 1679 in Wanfried ; † February 18, 1722 in Paris ) was the eldest daughter from the second marriage of the paraged Landgrave Karl von Hessen-Wanfried (* 1649, † 1711) with Alexandrine Juliane ( * 1651, † 1711), daughter of Count Enrico von Leiningen -Dagsburg and widow of the paraged Landgrave Georg III. from Hessen-Darmstadt- Itter.
Marriage and offspring
Charlotte Amalie was married to Prince Franz II. Rákóczi (born March 27, 1676 - April 8, 1735) from Transylvania , who later became the Hungarian revolutionary leader , in Cologne on September 25, 1694, when she was sixteen . The wedding ceremony in Cologne Cathedral was performed by Archbishop Joseph Clemens . The marriage had four children:
- Leopold Georg (born May 28, 1696 in Kis-Topolcsány, † ~ 1699)
- Charlotte (* and † before 1700)
- Joseph (born August 17, 1700 in Vienna , † November 10, 1738 in Cernavodă ); Joseph was never married, but from a relationship with the French Marie de Contaciéra he had a daughter, Marie Elisabeth, who died as a nun in a Paris convent in 1780.
- Georg (born August 8, 1701 in Vienna, † July 22, 1756 in St. Denis (Paris), France). With his second wife Margarete Suzanne Pinthereau de Bois (* 1702, † 1768) he had a son Georg (* 1740, † March 28, 1743). With Georg, the Rákóczi family died out in male lines.
The strains of the war and the long separation from her husband caused her marriage to the richest magnate in Hungary to fall apart. On November 16, 1706, she gave birth to a daughter named Charlotte - from a illegitimate relationship - who died in December 1706.
Later years
With other Hungarian nobles, Francis II planned an uprising in 1701, which was betrayed. Franz II was arrested on April 18, 1701 at his chateau in Gross-Scharosch ; he did not flee because he did not want to leave Charlotte Amalie, who was ill, alone. He was taken to the same prison in Wiener Neustadt where his grandfather Peter Zrínyi had waited for his execution at the time. The death penalty awaited him too. With the determination and help of Charlotte Amalie, he managed to escape to Warsaw . She succeeded in bribing the commandant of the Wiener Neustadt prison, Gottfried von Lehnsfeld , with a large sum of money (allegedly it was a sum of 20,000 guilders ), whereupon Rákóczi on November 24, 1701, disguised in one Dragoon uniform, could escape. When her involvement in her husband's escape became public, she was placed under house arrest; her two sons were taken away from her and brought up at the Viennese court on the orders of the emperor.
The outlawing of her husband by the imperial family also hit Charlotte Amalie hard. After she was released, she lived mostly at the Polish court in Warsaw and the Russian court in Saint Petersburg and she is said to have led a rather dissolute life.
death
In late autumn 1721 she went to the Chases-Midi monastery in Paris; Toothache caused her to have a tooth extracted on February 16, 1722. A tooth ulcer and fever followed, whereupon she was bled. She died shortly afterwards, on February 18, 1722, and was buried in the monastery cemetery there. The monastery and cemetery were looted during the French Revolution and her grave was destroyed.
Others
It was claimed of Charlotte Amalie that about 20 years before her death she had seen both her dying room and the man who would hand her the last drink in a dream, and that in Paris she had this man, the doctor Helvetius, and the room that Bedroom of an apartment rented for her, recognized and her companion informed.
literature
- Reinhold Strauss: Chronicle of the City of Wanfried, Braun, Wanfried, 1908, p. 109
- Carl Eduard Vehse: History of the German Courts since the Reformation. Volume 27, Hoffman and Campe, Hamburg 1853, p. 315
- Anton Klipp: Die Rákóczi , in Carpathian Yearbook 2014, Stuttgart 2013, p. 63ff, ISBN 978-80-89264-85-8
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A messenger from Rákóczi, the Belgian officer François de Longueval (1647–1719), who was supposed to deliver letters from the rebels to the French King Louis XIV , who was allied with Rákóczi , betrayed Rákóczi to the emperor.
- ↑ The Rákóczis built a castle in Gross-Scharosch below the castle in 1613, which was used by the family until 1945. The castle was demolished in 1947.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Charlotte Amalie von Hessen-Wanfried |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Princess of Transylvania |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 8, 1679 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wanfried |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 18, 1722 |
| Place of death | Paris |