Cholomondas
| Cholomondas (Χολομώντας) | ||
|---|---|---|
 Thickly forested mountain ranges in the Cholomondas massif |
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| height | 1165 m | |
| location | Chalkidiki , Central Macedonia , Greece | |
| Mountains | Cholomondas | |
| Coordinates | 40 ° 27 '34 " N , 23 ° 31' 13" E | |
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The Cholomondas ( Greek Χολομώντας ( m. Sg. ); Alternative / ancient name: Ypsison ; English transcription Holomontas ) is a Greek mountain range that rises up to 1165 meters in the prefecture of Chalkidiki in the Central Macedonia region . Its main ridge extends from south-southwest to north-northeast in the central country of the Chalkidiki peninsula . It is the highest point in the Halkidiki regional district ; its summit is located northeast of the prefecture capital Polygyros and southwest of the village of Arnea . Because of its proximity to Thessaloniki , the area is a much-visited destination, which has a variety of negative influences, especially with regard to nature conservation. Another major danger is the forest fires, some of which are deliberately set, and the subsequent reforestation with conifers. Otherwise the region is only sparsely populated and largely free of polluting industry.
The heights of the Cholomondas massif are almost entirely forested. From a geological point of view, it is the last southern extension of the Serbo-Macedonian massif that reaches the coast at Pyrgadikia . The climate is moderately hot in summer at altitudes over 900 meters with very humid winter months; in lower regions it approaches the coastal climate with dry, hot summer months and mild winters. The area has no surface water.
Flora and fauna
The low-lying, rather dry regions are partly covered with dense, evergreen macaw , which gradually changes into largely closed deciduous forest, and more rarely mixed deciduous forest. The beech dominates. Different types of oak are often interspersed, in higher altitudes also sweet chestnuts . Another 10 tree species, such as oriental hornbeam , European hop beech , silver linden , plane tree , Hungarian oak , tanner sumac , oriental sweetgum and various types of maple are also represented. The Aleppo pine dominates the conifers ; the Bulgarian fir, which is more common in these forest communities , is rare here. Beech and sweet chestnut in particular are used for forestry purposes; the previously not insignificant extraction of the resin from the Aleppo pine as an additive to traditional wine, the retsina , no longer plays an economic role today.
A little over 26,000 hectares of this area have been protected as a SPA (Special Protection Area) since 1997 . In 2009 the protection status was modified and partially tightened. The highly differentiated forest community as a whole, a number of rare and in some cases endemic plant species and a very diverse animal world are considered worthy of protection. The avifauna in particular is extremely rich, of which the breeding occurrences of the lesser spotted eagle and booted eagle are particularly worth mentioning. Besides, in addition to many other species of birds Hoopoe and bee-eaters , red-backed shrike , lesser gray shrike and Rotkopfwürger and white-backed woodpecker , middle spotted woodpecker , blood woodpecker , wryneck , gray woodpecker and some species of owls nesting birds in the area. The SPA is also designated as an Important Site for Migratory Raptors .
literature
- Car map Chalkidiki, Thasos, Thessaloniki. 1: 200,000. freytag & berndt. ISBN 3-85084-285-1
- Halkidiki 1: 150,000. Road Editions, Athens. ISBN 960-8481-90-2
- Macedonia 1: 250,000. Road Editions, Athens. ISBN 960-8481-18-X
- Chancellor, Peter; Neumeier, Andreas: Northern and Central Greece. 9th edition. Michael Müller Verlag, Erlangen 2007. ISBN 978-3-89953-297-5
- Neumeier, Andreas: Chalkidiki. 4th edition. Michael Müller Verlag, Erlangen 2006. ISBN 3-89953-256-2
Individual evidence
- ↑ Datasheet Natura2000 engl.
- ↑ Datasheet Natura2000 engl.
- ↑ Datasheet Natura2000 engl.
- ↑ Datasheet Natura2000 engl.
- ↑ List 2016 p. 335; engl.
