Christ factus est
Christ factus est is the beginning of a biblical passage from Paul's letter to the Philippians (2.8–9 EU ), which was first set to music in Gregorian chant .
text
Latin
Christ factus est pro nobis obediens
usque ad mortem, mortem autem crucis.
Propter quod et Deus exaltavit illum
et dedit illi nomen, quod est super omne nomen.
Deutsch
Christ was obedient for us
until death, until death on the cross.
Therefore God exalted
him and gave him the name greater than all names.
liturgy
Until the reform of the Holy Week liturgy between 1951 and 1956, Christ factus est was sung as graduals of Holy Mass on Maundy Thursday , since then, after the second reading, in Holy Mass on Palm Sunday and in the Good Friday liturgy, as well as as graduals of the feast of the Exaltation of the Cross . The melody can be found in Graduale Romanum (1975), p. 148, and in Graduale Novum, p. 108.
In the Liturgy of the Hours , the Christ factus est forms the responsory after the short reading in the Liturgy of the Hours and Lauds from the evening of Maundy Thursday to the evening of Holy Saturday , extended by half a verse from time to time. It is also sung in the karmets after the psalms of every nocturn .
Polyphonic settings
The text passage was set to numerous times in all epochs. There are early examples from Giovanni Francesco Anerio and Giovanni Matteo Asola . A choral movement by Michael Haydn (MH 628, 2) has come down to us from the Viennese Classic .
Anton Bruckner left three choral works under this title. The first composition dates from 1844 and is the gradual of the choral mass for Maundy Thursday ( WAB 9). It is written for four-part mixed choir (SATB) and is in F major . The second composition (WAB 10) was written in 1873 and is a motet in D minor for eight-part mixed choir (SSAATTBB), 3 trombones and strings ad libitum ; it was premiered on December 8, 1873 ( Mary's Conception ) in Vienna . The third composition from 1884 (WAB 11) is a motet for four-part mixed choir (SATB) a cappella in D minor. It was premiered on November 9, 1884 in Vienna and is dedicated to Father Otto Loidol. It is by far the best-known of the three compositions and, alongside the Locus iste and the Ave Maria (WAB 6), is one of Bruckner's best-known a cappella choral compositions.
In 1924 Anton Webern composed his Five Canons op. 16 for soprano, clarinet and bass clarinet. The selected texts are taken from the Holy Thursday and Good Friday liturgy, among others. Christ factus est is the textual basis of the first piece.
literature
- Hans Bauernfeind, Leopold Nowak (ed.): Anton Bruckner - Complete Works, Volume 21: Small Church Music: 1835–1892.
- Score. Musicological publisher of the International Bruckner Society, Vienna 1982, DNB 350048142 .
- Audit report. Musicological publisher of the International Bruckner Society, Vienna 1984, DNB 1001641558 .
- Uwe Harten : Anton Bruckner - a manual . Residenz Verlag, Salzburg 1996, ISBN 3-7017-1030-9 .
- Cornelis van Zwol: Anton Bruckner - Leven en works . Thot, Bussum (Netherlands) 2012, ISBN 978-90-6868-590-9 .
Web links
- Sheet music in the public domain by Christ factus est (Anton Bruckner) in the Choral Public Domain Library - ChoralWiki (English)