Chroma (river)

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Chroma
рома
Data
Water code RU :  18050000512117700033273
location Sakha Republic ( Russia )
River system Chroma
confluence of Temtec and Nemalak arangas
69 ° 59 ′ 37 ″  N , 141 ° 56 ′ 26 ″  E
Source height 88  m
muzzle Chromabusen ( East Siberian Sea ) Coordinates: 71 ° 41 ′ 27 "  N , 144 ° 59 ′ 22"  E 71 ° 41 ′ 27 "  N , 144 ° 59 ′ 22"  E
Mouth height 0  m
Height difference 88 m
Bottom slope 0.13 ‰
length 685 km
Catchment area 19,700 km²
Left tributaries Tenkeli, Urjung-Ulach

The Chroma ( Russian Хрома ) is a 685 km long tributary of the East Siberian Sea in northeastern Russia .

course

The Chroma is produced beyond the Arctic Circle in 88  meters height on the northern flank Polousnyrückens from the short headwaters Temteken from the left and Nemalak-Arangas from the right. These arise at a height of about 500  m on the low mountain range rising to a good 900  m , which borders the Jana-Indigirka lowlands in the northeast of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from the south. The longer of the two source rivers is the Temteken with 26 km, so that the total length of the Chroma together with this is 711 km.

Along its entire length, the Chroma flows through the forest tundra in a north-easterly, partly in a northerly direction - and from the middle reaches the flat and swampy tundra landscape of northern Yakutia. Here meanders of the river extremely strong. It finally flows into the 100-kilometer long Chromabusen of the East Siberian Sea with an estuary about one kilometer wide . Above the estuary, the Chroma is almost 200 meters wide and three meters deep; the flow velocity is 0.2 m / s.

Its most important tributaries are the Tenkeli (length 119 km) and the Urjung-Ulach (314 km), which flows into the lower reaches, both from the left. In the Chroma basin there are more than 8000 lakes with a total area of ​​1330 km².

Hydrology

The catchment area of the river covers 19,700 km². The Chroma freezes over between late September / early October and late May / first half of June.

Use and infrastructure

The Chroma is navigable from the middle reaches, but is not used for inland navigation as the area through which it flows is practically unpopulated. The population density of the Ulus ( Rajons ) Allaichowski, which the river crosses for almost its entire length, has a population density of only 0.04 inhabitants per km²; There are no towns on the river and there is no transport infrastructure.

On the left tributary Tenkeli, which flows into the upper reaches of the Chroma, there was the urban-type Tenkeli settlement of the same name from the 1960s , which was created in connection with the development of a tin deposit . In 1989 the settlement still had almost 3,000 inhabitants, but was abandoned in the 1990s after the mine was closed and became a ghost town .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Article Chroma (river) in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D119851~2a%3D~2b%3DChroma%20%28Fluss%29
  2. ↑ a b Chroma (river) in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
  3. ↑ a b Chroma ( Memento of April 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) in the Geographical Handbook of Yakutia (website of the Ministry of Nature Conservation of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia); Russian)