Claude Parent

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Claude Parent in the 1980s
“Sainte Bernadette du Banlay” (with Virilio ) in Nevers from 1966
Cattenom nuclear power plant

Claude Parent (born February 26, 1923 in Neuilly-sur-Seine ; † February 27, 2016 ibid) was a French architect, protagonist of Architecture oblique and professor at the École Spéciale d'Architecture in Paris.

Life

The son of the engineer and aviation pioneer Hypolite Parent and his wife Marie-José Binétrui went to school in Paris and Toulouse, where he obtained the Baccalauréat . At the local art school there, École supérieure des beaux-arts de Toulouse , he began studying architecture in 1943 after completing his mathematical studies, although this was interrupted several times by civil and military service. In 1946 he moved to the École des beaux-arts in Paris, which he apparently left in 1949 without a degree.

Parent died in February 2016 one day after his 93rd birthday in his hometown of Neuilly-sur-Seine.

He was the brother of Nicole Parent and Michel Parent (1916–2009), a member of the World Heritage Committee and President of ICOMOS (1981–1987). Claude Parent was first married to Therèse Houdart (divorced 1958). In 1959 he married Bernadette Goulet, with whom he had the children François, Florence and Chloé.

plant

Claude Parent initially worked for Le Corbusier and Jean Trouvelot .

His first own plans in his Paris office were known like a great public: As a student, he won - along with his fellow students Ionel Schein - the competition for the family house Maison G , that of la maison française had been a public Revue, advertised and 1953 built has been. Elle magazine then asked for designs for three ideal houses: traditional, contemporary and bold, which would appear in successive issues. He became known for numerous spectacular housing projects. He worked with the artist André Bloc , among others . With Yves Klein he developed a pneumatic rocket.

In particular , the buildings he built in the 1960s in collaboration with the architectural philosopher Paul Virilio in the joint Architecture Principe office (1963–1968) can be attributed to brutalism . The jointly designed and built church in Nevers became famous. From this collaboration he developed a bunker architecture. A well-known example was the Villa Drusch , built in 1965 , a Bauhaus cube sunk 45 degrees into the ground. Together with Paul Virilio, he became a professor at the École Spéciale d'Architecture (ESA) in Paris.

In 1970 Parent published the accompanying manifesto: "Vivre à l'Oblique" (Life in Weirds). He was considered to be “one of the most consistent representatives of ultra-modernism” and the most important social utopian in recent architectural history. In 2010 he was honored as a visionary representative of utopian modernism in Paris with a comprehensive retrospective at the Paris Cité de l'architecture et du patrimoine . The best-known student of Parent (and winner of the Pritzker Prize ) is Jean Nouvel .

He was honored with the Grand prix national de l'architecture (1979) and other prizes. In 2005 he became a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts . He was an officer in the Legion of Honor since 2010 .

List of works (selection)

L / OBLIQUE retrospective at the Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris (CIUP) / Fondation AVICENNE
  • Maison Gosselin (Maison G), Ville d'Avray, 1953
  • Café du Rond Point on the Champs-Elysées, in collaboration with André Bloc , 1957
  • Maison Soultrait, 1957
  • Maison Mauriange, 1961
  • Maison Drusch, Versailles, 1965
  • Charleville Cultural Complex, 1965
  • Maison Mariotti, St. Germain-en-Laye, in collaboration with Paul Virilio , 1966
  • Sainte Bernadette du Banlay, Nevers, in collaboration with Paul Virilio, 1963–1966
  • Chooz nuclear power plant , 1960–1967
  • "Maison de l'Iran" in the Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris (1969)
  • Reims-Tinqueux shopping center, 1969
  • GEM supermarket Sens, 1970
  • French pavilion at the Venice Biennale, 1970
  • Cattenom nuclear power plant , 1979–1986
  • Théâtre Silvia-Monfort in Paris, 1986–1989
  • Shopping center in Sens, 2011
  • Hotel in Marseille
  • Hotel in Lillebonne (Seine-Maritime)
  • Gas stations

Fonts

  • Vivre à l'oblique (1970)
  • Cinq réflexions sur l'architecture (1972)
  • Claude Parent, architecte (1975)
  • L'Architecture et le nucléaire (1978)
  • Entrelacs de l'oblique (1981)
  • L'Architecte, bouffon social (1982)
  • Colères (1982)
  • Les Maisons de l'atome (1983)
  • Errer dans l'illusion (2001)
  • Quand les bouffons relèvent la tête (2002)
  • Cuits et archicuits (2003)

literature

  • Michel Ragon: Monograph critique d'un architecte - Claude Parent. Dunod, Paris 1982, ISBN 2040112758 .
  • Manfredi Nicoletti: Claude Parent - La funzione obliqua. Testo & Immagine, Turin 2003, ISBN 888382086X .

Web links

Commons : Claude Parent  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Frédéric Edelmann: “Mort de Claude Parent, théoricien de l'architecture” , Le Monde, February 28, 2016 (French)
  2. ↑ His biographer Michel Ragon speaks only of "... colleagues who, by the way, refused to recognize him because he never received his diploma ..." Michel Ragon: monographie critique d'un arcitecte - Claude Parent Paris: Bordas 1982, ISBN 2040112758 , p. 8.
  3. ^ "Living with the slant" , Deutschlandfunk , March 1, 2016
  4. ↑ a b Architect Claude Parent died. In: Spiegel Online , February 29, 2016. Accessed February 29, 2016.
  5. Jump up ↑ Joseph Giovanni: Claude Parent, Visionary Architect of the Oblique, Dies at 93 In: New York Times , February 29, 2016. Retrieved February 29, 2016.
  6. ↑ a b c d “Architect Claude Parent died: The church as a bunker” , Spiegel, February 29, 2016
  7. ↑ Michel Ragon: monographie critique d'un arcitecte - Claude Parent Paris: Bordas 1982, ISBN 2040112758 , p. 66.
  8. ↑ a b c d Niklas Maak: “Architect Claude Parent. On the wrong track ” , FAZ , August 1, 2010
personal data
SURNAME Parent, Claude
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French architect
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Neuilly-sur-Seine , France
DATE OF DEATH February 27, 2016
Place of death Neuilly-sur-Seine , France