Cohors I Asturum (Noricum)

The military diploma of AD 106 ( CIL 16, 52 )

The Cohors I Asturum ( German 1st cohort of the Asturians ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Asturum : the Asturian . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Asturian people in the area of the conventus Asturum (with the capital Asturica Augusta ) when the unit was established .

Since there are no references to the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata , a pure infantry cohort. The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Noricum . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 79-157.

The beginnings of the unit are uncertain. The first evidence of unity in the province of Noricum is based on diplomas dated 79. In the diplomas, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Noricum ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 106 to 157, prove unity in the same province.

In the Notitia dignitatum , an (unknown) cohort for the Austuris location is listed. She was under the direction of a tribune part of the troops that were under the command of the Dux Pannoniae Primae et Norici Ripensis . Possibly this unknown unit is the Cohors I Asturum .

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Noricum were possibly:

The name Astura (or Asturis ) of a location, which is mentioned in the Notitia dignitatum and the Vita Sancti Severini and which is identified with the Zeiselmauer fort, is derived from the Cohors I Asturum .

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

[] Iulius Festus, a prefect ( AE 1975, 408 ). He was also Prefect of Ala III Asturum .
Valerius []: he is named on the diploma of 106 as the commander of the cohort.

Tiberius Claudius Zeno Ulpianus , a prefect ( CIL 11, 6337 ). He was also Prefect of the Ala I Claudia Miscellanea and Tribune of the Cohors I Flavia Brittonum .

Others

Aurelius [K] alandinus, a veteran ( CIL 3, 5292 )
Clemens: the diploma of 106 was issued for him.
Iulius Aprilis, a Beneficiarius ( CIL 3, 4842 )
L (ucius) Cuspius Lautus, a soldier ( CIL 6, 3588 )
L (ucius) Naevius Pro [c] ulus, a centurion ( CIL 3, 5539 )

Macrinianus, a Centurion ( CIL 6, 3588 )
M (arcus) Annius Marcellianus, a centurion ( CIL 3, 5330 )
M (arcus) Aur (elius) Titianus, a soldier ( CIL 3, 10507 )
Tertius ( liver 116 )
Ti (berius) Claudius Ingenuus, a soldier ( CIL 3, 4839 )

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors I Asturum

There was another cohort with this name, the Cohors I Asturum (Germania) . She is documented by military diplomas from 74 to 134 and was stationed in the provinces of Germania and Britannia .

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Asturum - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ The scenario given here follows the explanations of Margaret M. Roxan , Peter Weiß and Joachim Ott. It assumes two different cohorts with this designation: the Cohors I Asturum (Germania) , which was stationed in the provinces of Germania and Britannia , and the Cohors I Asturum (Noricum) , which was stationed in the province of Noricum . John Spaul, on the other hand, assumes only one cohort that was stationed in these provinces.
↑ According to Margaret M. Roxan, the unit was probably set up under Claudius . Peter Weiß thinks it is conceivable that there was originally only one Cohors I Asturum , which was later divided (probably in connection with the Batavian Uprising ).

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 65, 70-72, 357 -364 (68, 73-75, 360-367) , accessed December 23, 2018 .
^ ^A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 69-74
↑ ^a ^b Peter Weiß : Two complete constitutions for the troops in Noricum (8 Sept. 79) and Pannonia inferior (27 Sept. 154) In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 146 (2004), pp. 239-254, here pp. 243, 246.
↑ Military diplomas from the years 79 ( RMM 3 , ZPE-146-239 ), 106 ( CIL 16, 52 ), 138 ( AE 2009, 994 ) and 157 ( AE 2015, 1892 ).

^ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Occidentis XXXIV ( online ).

^ Joachim Ott: The commanders of the Noric auxiliary troops. In: Tyche . Contributions to ancient history, papyrology and epigraphy. Volume 10, 1995, pp. 107-138, here pp. 110, 124-127 ( PDF ).

↑ Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 712-714 (133-135) , accessed on December 23, 2018 (English).

[GE1-5] The scenario given here follows the explanations of Margaret M. Roxan , Peter Weiß and Joachim Ott. It assumes two different cohorts with this designation: the Cohors I Asturum (Germania) , which was stationed in the provinces of Germania and Britannia , and the Cohors I Asturum (Noricum) , which was stationed in the province of Noricum . John Spaul, on the other hand, assumes only one cohort that was stationed in these provinces.

[GE2-6] According to Margaret M. Roxan, the unit was probably set up under Claudius . Peter Weiß thinks it is conceivable that there was originally only one Cohors I Asturum , which was later divided (probably in connection with the Batavian Uprising ).

[mmr1-1] Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 65, 70-72, 357 -364 (68, 73-75, 360-367) , accessed December 23, 2018 .

[jsp-2] A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 69-74

[pw-3] Peter Weiß : Two complete constitutions for the troops in Noricum (8 Sept. 79) and Pannonia inferior (27 Sept. 154) In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 146 (2004), pp. 239-254, here pp. 243, 246.

[MD-4] Military diplomas from the years 79 ( RMM 3 , ZPE-146-239 ), 106 ( CIL 16, 52 ), 138 ( AE 2009, 994 ) and 157 ( AE 2015, 1892 ).

[ND-7] Notitia dignitatum in partibus Occidentis XXXIV ( online ).

[jo-8] Joachim Ott: The commanders of the Noric auxiliary troops. In: Tyche . Contributions to ancient history, papyrology and epigraphy. Volume 10, 1995, pp. 107-138, here pp. 110, 124-127 ( PDF ).

[mmr2-9] Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 712-714 (133-135) , accessed on December 23, 2018 (English).