Concelho das Ilhas

Concelho das Ilhas ; 海島市 ; Former Municipality of Macau
Coordinates	22 ° 8 '25 " N , 113 ° 34' 9" E Coordinates: 22 ° 8 '25 " N , 113 ° 34' 9" E
height	0– 172 m
surface	21.5 km²
Residents	131,400 (2017)
Population density	6112 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation	Jan 1, 2002 ( Macau )

View from Taipa to Cotai , in the background the Alto de Coloane to Coloane

The Concelho das Ilhas ( Portuguese for the congregation of the islands , Chinese 海島市 , pinyin Hǎidǎo Shì ; rarely also Taipa-Coloane ) was one of the two original towns , according to the Portuguese model Concelho , the Portuguese colony or from 1999, the Special Administrative Region of Macau , which for one January 2002 merged with the Concelho de Macau as part of the abolition of the administrative division of Macau ; the tasks of the former two local governments were transferred to the Instituto para os Assuntos Cívicos e Municipais .

structure

Traditionally, the concelho das Ilhas consisted of the two islands Taipa and Coloane , which are congruent with the freguesias Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo and Freguesia de São Francisco de Xavier . However, these have always been of a purely statistical nature and continue to exist as districts to this day for the purposes of population census and surveying . Mainly through land reclamation , the area has expanded significantly beyond the two islands since the transfer of sovereignty over Macau to the People's Republic of China .

The largest land reclamation is the Cotai Zone , which connects the two former islands of Taipa and Coloane. Cotai is not assigned to any freguesia and thus represents, alongside the Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo and the Freguesia de São Francisco de Xavier, a separate administrative subject with the official name Zona de Aterro entre Taipa e Coloane , but is not a full-fledged freguesia and therefore will not be in the population survey, but given in the breakdown of the land area. Since Cotai mainly houses the Cotai Strip and other hotels , casinos and leisure facilities and no living space, the zone is insignificant for the statistical population survey. Newer land reclamations are grouped together as Novos Aterros Urbanos de Macau . In the area of the concelho das Ilhas, both parts of zone E have already been completed as of March 2019, but not yet built on. Zone E is located on the northeast coast of Taipa next to the ferry terminal and Macau Airport and is specified as an integral part of the Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo . Zones C and D, which are planned further west, will also become part of this freguesia due to their close proximity to Taipa.

A special feature of the breakdown is the area of the University of Macau . After moving from the old campus on Taipa to the new campus, the university campus is now across from Cotai in the urban area of Zhuhai in mainland China , but is subject to the jurisdiction of Macau under an agreement between the Macau Special Administrative Region and the People's Republic of China . For the statistical population survey, the area of the University of Macau is assigned to the Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo .

Subdivision of the concelho das ilhas
Surname	Art	surface	Residents	Population density	annotation
Sao Francisco de Xavier	Freguesia	7.6 km²	26,700	3,513 inhabitants / km²	corresponds to the island of Coloane
Nossa Senhora do Carmo	Freguesia	7.9 km²	104,700	11,764 inhabitants / km²	corresponds to the island of Taipa
University of Macau	Lease area	1.0 km²	104,700	11,764 inhabitants / km²	not part of the Macau Special Administrative Region
Zona de Aterro between Taipa e Coloane	Zone	6.0 km²	0	0 inhabitants / km²	also called Cotai

history

Portuguese colonial until 1999

Today's Coloane and Taipa Historical Museum housed the municipal administration until 2001

Until 1928 the islands of Taipa and Coloane were under military administration . The military administration was only abolished with the founding of the concelho das Ilhas. Both islands were referred to as Freguesia also with the name of the respective church on the island. This resulted in a double name for the two administrative units. In 1968 the two islands were connected by an artificial isthmus .

From 1988, the local council ( Portuguese Câmara Municipal ) consisted as an executive body of a president and a local council ( Portuguese vereador ), who were appointed by the governor . There was also a vice president and two other councilors; these were elected by the municipal assembly ( Portuguese Assembleia Municipal ). The community assembly consisted of nine members and formed the legislature . Of the nine MPs, three MPs were directly elected by the population, three other MPs were elected indirectly , and the remaining three MPs were appointed by the governor. As chairman of the executive body, the president of the municipal council held an office comparable to that of a mayor . From 1986 to 1989 Raul Leandro dos Santos was president of the local council. From 1989 to 1993 he was followed by Fernando Rosa Duque , before Raul Leandro dos Santos took office again from 1993 to 1997. The last president of the local council was Joaquim Madeira de Carvalho from 1997 to the end of 2001.

Macau under Chinese sovereignty from 1999

After 1999, the two bodies were initially continued. For this purpose, however, the name was changed: the municipal council became the provisional municipal council ( Portuguese: Câmara Municipal Provisória ), the municipal assembly continued to exist as a provisional municipal assembly ( Portuguese: Assembleia Municipal Provisória ). The administrative subdivision should be abolished in Macau, which is why the powers of the two concelhos were transferred from December 31, 2001 to January 1, 2002 to the Instituto para os Assuntos Cívicos e Municipais, which is subordinate to the Secretariat for Administration and Justice .

The parish hall , built in 1921 in neoclassical style, was listed as a historic monument in 1992 and is now home to the Coloane and Taipa Historical Museum .

population

Construction boom on Taipa

Original development in the old town of Taipa

From the 1990s in particular, the population of the concelho das Ilhas skyrocketed. Both islands remained rural until Macau was returned to the People's Republic of China. A construction boom began in the late 1990s. First, Macau Airport was built in 1995, and in the years that followed, the construction of numerous new residential areas in prefabricated architecture began to meet the need for living space for Macau, which the original areas of the Conhelho de Macau were no longer able to. The building boom spread steadily further south from the turn of the millennium . This was first shown with the filling of Cotai, whose casinos and hotels, which opened in 2006, advanced the economy in the area of the concelho das Ilhas. While the population of Coloane barely increased from 4,228 to 4,262 between 1981 and 2011 and was only 2,469 in the meantime, Coloane was also hit by the construction boom from 2011 to 2016 at the latest, as the population rose from 4,262 to 26,889 in the five years.

Concelho das Ilhas: Population figures from 1981 to 2017
year		Residents
1981	9,795
1991	10,314
1996	20.205
2001	44,690
2006	66,585
2011	82,759
2016	129,648
2017¹	131,400
¹ no census carried out, the value given is an estimate