Connected car

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A connected car is a vehicle that is equipped with internet access and usually also WiFi . This enables the vehicle to share the internet connection with other devices. Special technologies, sensors and processes are often used in the vehicle so that this connectivity also brings benefits to the driver. Examples include an automatic warning in the event of accidents, excessive speed and safety warnings.

History 1996 – today

In 1996, the automaker General Motors was the first to bring a car with connected car characteristics to the market with OnStar, a result of the collaboration with Motorola Automotive. The primary focus was on safety and the availability of help in emergency situations to provide support in the event of an accident. Because the earlier help can arrive, the higher the probability of survival of those affected.

Initially, OnStar only worked via voice signals, but once broadcasters added data, the GPS location could be automatically sent to the emergency call center. Because of the success of OnStar, many automakers followed suit with similar security programs that are usually offered free to test in new cars at the beginning and later run on a subscription model.

Remote diagnostics were introduced in 2001. In 2003 there was already “connected car service”, which creates vehicle status reports, navigation systems and a device for network access. Telematics systems were offered in 2007.

As of December 18, 2012, BMW made it possible to use LTE “as the first automobile manufacturer” with the “BMW Car Hotspot LTE” accessories .

On January 6, 2014, Google founded the so-called "Open Automotive Alliance" (OAA). This is a technological alliance between industry leaders based on the Android platform. The OAA include B. Audi , General Motors, Honda , Hyundai and Nvidia . In 2015, Hyundai launched the Sonata model, the first series vehicle to support “Android Auto”, on the US market.

On March 3, 2014, Apple presented a new system called " CarPlay " that enables the connection between the iPhone 5 / 5C / 5S and the infotainment system in the vehicle. The Lightning connector is used for this. Apple recruited the head of the US development department from Daimler .

At the “Build Conference 2014”, Microsoft presented “Windows in the car”, an operating system that, like Android Auto from Google and CarPlay from Apple, should closely interlink mobile devices and cars. With the help of Cortana , the system, which is available in the concept as an assistant on the windshield, is to be controlled via voice inputs.

In 2015, OnStar had more than a billion inquiries from customers.

In Great Britain, the association "The AA" presented the first piece of connected car called "Car Genie", which is directly linked to a repair service and not only produces vehicle condition reports, but also intervenes directly with a telephone call and helps the customer To avoid accident.

In 2015, Audi, Daimler AG and BMW jointly acquired the “ Nokia Here ” map service in equal shares for € 2.8 billion in order to gain independence with an open, independent and value-adding platform for cloud-based maps and mobility services from CarPlay and Android Auto do.

Types of connectedness

There are five categories for classifying the connectivity of vehicles and their environment and communication:

1. V2I “Vehicle to Infrastructure”: The technology records data generated by the vehicle and gives the driver information about the environment. The V2I technology communicates information about safety, mobility and environmental conditions.
2. V2V “Vehicle to Vehicle”: The technology exchanges information on the speed and position of vehicles in the vicinity via a wireless connection. The aim is to avoid accidents and traffic jams and to have a positive impact on the environment.
3. V2C "Vehicle to Cloud" (vehicle to Cloud ): The technology exchanges information on applications from vehicles in a cloud system. This allows the vehicle to exchange information from other devices connected via the cloud, such as " smart homes ", energy and transport and thus to use IoT .
4. V2P “Vehicle to Pedestrian”: The technology records information about its environment and communicates with other vehicles, the environment and mobile phones. This allows the vehicle to communicate with pedestrians and is intended to improve safety and mobility on the roads.
5. V2X "Vehicle to Everything": The technology connects all types of vehicles and infrastructure systems with one another. The connectedness includes cars, highways, ships, trains, planes, and much more.

Types of applications

One can applications fall into two categories:

1. "Single vehicle application": content and apps are built into the car and connected to the cloud or a back office via a connection .
2. “Cooperate Safety and Efficiency Applications”: They create a connection between the vehicle (or infrastructure) and require cross-brand and cross-border standards and regulations. These applications can either serve the convenience or the security, for which one then needs regulations.

Examples include:

1. "Single-Vehicle Application": Concierge service, which are provided by car manufacturers or app notifications that notify the driver when they have to leave in order to get to the appointments noted on the calendar in good time, or automatic Send messages to friends or business partners and inform them about arrival times, such as B. BMW Connected NA, which helps to find parking spaces or petrol stations. The European eCall would be an example of such a “Single Vehicle Application”, which is mandatory in the EU .
2. "Cooperative Safety-of-Life and Cooperation Efficiency": Transmits accident warnings, lane change / blind spot warnings, emergency vehicle approaches, road repair warnings and automatic notifications of accidents, overspeed and safety notices.

The connected car segments can be divided into the following eight categories:

• Mobility management: functions that enable the driver to reach a destination quickly, safely and cost-effectively (e.g. current street information, parking or garage assistants, estimated fuel consumption).
• Purchasing: Functions that enable the user to purchase goods or services "on-the-go" (e.g. petrol, food and drink, parking spaces, tolls).
• Vehicle management: functions that support the driver in reducing running costs and improving usage (e.g. vehicle status and reminders and transfer of usage data).
• Damage prevention: Connection to the prevention system, damage is predicted with a back-end algorithm and you are notified via smartphone or SMS.
• Safety: functions that warn the driver before problems arise due to internal or external circumstances (e.g. vehicle status, reminders)
• Entertainment: functions for the entertainment of driver and passengers (e.g. smartphone interface, WiFi hotspot, music, video, internet, social media)
• Driver assistant: functions include partial or full automatic driving (e.g. autopilot in heavy traffic, when parking or on motorways)
• Wellbeing: Functions include driving comfort and ability to drive (e.g .: automatic environmental adjustments and medical care)

hardware

The necessary hardware can be divided into built-in or brought-in connection systems. The built-in telematics boxes usually have a protected internet connection via GSM modules and are integrated in the vehicle's IT system. Although most connected cars in the US have an AT&T GSM operator with a GSM SIM such as For example, if you use Volvo , some use the Hyundai Blue Link System Verizon Wireless Enterprise, a non-GSM CDMA operator.

Most of the devices brought in are plugged into the OBD port for power and access to vehicle data. They can be further divided into:

• Hardware that the smartphone needs to establish an internet connection
• Hardware that establish its own internet connection via GSM modules

All types of hardware have typical use cases as drivers. The built-in solutions were mostly shaped by security regulations in Europe for automatic emergency calls ( eCall ). The devices brought in focus on a customer segment and a specific application.

Trends

The following trends illustrate the move to a fully developed connected car industry that is changing the concept of what is understood as a car.

There are technical innovations in the area of ​​connectivity. Fast computers help to make the car aware of its surroundings, which can make self-driving vehicles a reality.

There are also initiatives that use Ethernet technology to build sensors for “Advanced Driving Assistance Systems” ( ADAS ). The speed inside the vehicle can go from megabits to gigabits because of the Ethernet network . It allows connections to any type of device and reduces the cables inside the vehicle and thus its weight. It is also more scalable and allows the device and sensor to connect at different speeds and the components are available off-the-shell.

Studies show that customers are willing to switch between car manufacturers if they can use their mobile devices and this "connectedness" to do so: in 2014 it was 21% of customers and in 2015 this number rose to 37%. Another 32% would be willing to pay more for a vehicle for such a service, compared with just 21% a year earlier. The rise in customers willing to switch automakers shows the growing importance of connected cars.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is used to provide mobile services with high-speed internet. This will allow real-time traffic controls and interactions with the automaker for vehicle diagnostics. In addition, at the beginning of the self-driving era, the Internet was used to compute information between cars and for better route calculations and accident reports in real time.

Future forecasts

According to a study by McKinsey , the market volume for connectivity services is expected to increase fivefold by 2020 to € 170 billion. 20% of the customers would be willing to change the car brand for better connectivity offers, among the frequent drivers even 40%. 35% of customers would be willing to release usage data for insurance companies if this would give them a 10% discount on motor vehicle insurance. McKinsey sees this as the three critical points for car manufacturers, not to lose control over the issue of Internet companies, the aspects of user interface , real-time vehicle data and geographic information in real time on.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Definition of Connected Car - What is the connected car? Defined . In: auto connected car news . April 22, 2014 ( online [accessed May 25, 2018]).
2. ↑ BMW Group Press and Public Relations: BMW Car Hotspot LTE. BMW Group sets new standard for "car" -mobile Internet. . In: BMW Group PressClub . December 18, 2012. Accessed January 9, 2020.
3. ↑ Aaron Souppouris: Google launches the Android-based Open Automotive Alliance with Audi, Honda, GM, and more ( English ) In: The Verge . January 6, 2014.
4. ↑ Smart Car . In: GQ . May 27, 2015.
5. ↑ dpa : Apple introduces CarPlay . In: Heise online . March 3, 2014.
6. ↑ Stephan Dörner: Billions will soon be made with vehicle data . In: The world . June 11th 15.
7. ↑ Denise Bergert: Connected Car: Microsoft wants to put Cortana on the windshield . In: Heise online . 16th September 2015.
8. ↑ OnStar celebrates 1 billion requests with free premium service for loyal users . In: auto connected car news . July 29, 2015 ( online [accessed May 25, 2018]).
9. ↑ AA. In: theaa.com. Retrieved September 23, 2018 . 
10. ↑ Ben Swan: Auto Manufacturer: Together against "iCar" & Co. . In: Mac & i . 7th August 2015.
11. ↑ CAAT Staff: Automated and Connected Vehicles. Retrieved May 27, 2018 . 
12. ^ Intelligent Transportation Systems - Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Deployment Guidance and Resources. Retrieved May 27, 2018 . 
13. ↑ [e-mail]: Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication. October 26, 2016, accessed May 27, 2018 . 
14. ↑ Connected Vehicle Cloud Platforms | ABI Research. Retrieved May 27, 2018 . 
15. ^ Intelligent Transportation Systems - Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P) Communications for Safety. Retrieved May 27, 2018 . 
16. ↑ Vehicle-to-X (V2X) communication. Siemens, 2015, accessed on September 23, 2018 . 
17. ↑ BMW Connected NA available for iPhone / Apple Watch - calculates departure time, texts friends & finds gas / parking . In: auto connected car news . March 31, 2016 ( online [accessed May 27, 2018]).
18. ↑ eCall in all new cars from April 2018 . In: Digital Single Market . ( Online [accessed May 27, 2018]).
19. ↑ How will connected vehicles affect us? Retrieved May 27, 2018 . 
20. ↑ What is Truck Platooning? - EU Truck Platoon Challenge. Retrieved May 27, 2018 . 
21. ^ Strategy &: In the fast lane. The bright future of connected cars. (No longer available online.) PwC, 2014, archived from the original on May 13, 2018 ; accessed on September 23, 2018 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
22. ↑ Volvo Cars and AT&T Enter Multi-Year Agreement to Connect Future Models in US and Canada | AT&T. Retrieved May 27, 2018 (American English). 
23. ^ Hyundai Blue Link Goes Red (Verizon Wireless) Using Google Glass, Pandora or SoundHound . In: auto connected car news . January 21, 2014 ( online [accessed May 27, 2018]).
24. ↑ Oliver Wyman study on vehicle networking. Connected cars are the smartphones of the automotive industry. (PDF; 28 kB) Oliver Wyman, accessed on September 23, 2018 (summary). 
25. ↑ What's driving the connected car. Retrieved May 29, 2018 . 
26. ↑ https://www.forbes.com/consent/?toURL=https://www.forbes.com/pictures/mkk45ihlk/10-obstacles-for-connected-cars/#117b562612b8. Retrieved May 29, 2018 . 
27. ^ The Top Five Trends For The Connected Car In 2016 - TechCrunch. Retrieved May 29, 2018 (American English). 
28. ↑ From your dorm room to your car: ethernet is back. In: TechCrunch. March 15, 2017. Retrieved May 29, 2018 (American English). 
29. ↑ How carmakers can compete for the connected consumer. Retrieved May 29, 2018 . 
30. ↑ Lee, Eun-Kyu; Gerla, Mario; Pau, Giovanni; Lee, Uichin; Lim, Jae-Han: Internet of Vehicles: From intelligent grid to autonomous cars and vehicular fogs . Ed .: International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks. September 2016.
31. ↑ Adriana Clemens: Internet in the car will massively change the weight of the market in the industry . McKinsey & Company . September 29, 2014. Archived from the original on September 25, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.