DB Eberswalde plant
The DB Eberswalde plant (1924–1993 Reichsbahn repair shop ) was a repair shop in Eberswalde in Brandenburg . It was part of the German Railway - subsidiary DB Vehicle Maintenance GmbH . The main business area of the plant was the heavy maintenance of freight wagons .
overview
The Eberswalde plant had the status of a permanent establishment in DB Fahrzeuginstandhaltung GmbH , a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn AG. The managing director is Wolfgang Stepanek. In 2010, the workforce comprised 409 employees (85 of whom were trainees) who generated sales of 80 million euros. In 2013 the company employed around 500 people.
The facility was one of the largest employers in the region. Freight wagons and vehicles involved in accidents were repaired here, as well as conversion, modernization and special work (for example conversion of flat wagons , open freight wagons of standard and special designs, wagons with a tarpaulin and sliding wall wagons or other closed freight wagons).
A total of more than 80 types of freight wagons, n-wagons and double-deck wagons were repaired. The annual repair work was 7,500 to 8,000 vehicles, the average length of stay in the factory was seven days. In addition to the main customer DB Cargo Deutschland, the clients included around twenty other freight wagon keepers and DB Regio .
At the end of 2016, DB gave up the plant. The plant has been owned by Deutsche Eisenbahn Service AG (DESAG) since 2018.
history
Berlin-Szczecin Railway
The rapid economic development of the area, combined with the further development of industrialization in the Finowtal, in the second half of the 19th century required new solutions for transport links. With the construction of the Berlin – Stettin railway line , which was completed on July 30, 1842 to Neustadt Eberswalde, the foundation stone was laid for the later development of Eberswald into a railway junction. The line to Stettin was opened on August 15, 1843, to Bad Freienwalde and Frankfurt (Oder) in 1866 and to Templin in 1898 .
In 1865 the management of the Berlin-Szczecin Railway acquired vacant land near the Eberswalde train station on the southern slope of the Husarenberg. At the beginning of 1876 the plan to build a repair shop was made. Construction work began just a few months later. On January 7, 1878, it opened as the “Berlin-Szczecin Railway Repair Workshop”. Of the 150 employees, 123 came from Stargard in Pomerania and 27 from Eberswalde. In the factory, mainly locomotives of the Berlin light rail, as well as locomotives and wagons that traveled the route that passed by, were repaired.
Prussian State Railways
On February 1, 1880, it was taken over by the Prussian State Railways and the repair shop was named "Royal Railway Stationary Workshop". The increase in rail traffic at the end of the 19th century also resulted in an increase in the total area of the plant. In 1886 the secondary railway workshop was given the status of a “royal main workshop”. The workforce had grown to 350 to 400 people.
On April 1, 1895, with the reorganization of the Prussian railway administration, the works were placed under the Stettin Railway Directorate. In July 1902 the Eberswalde station received electrical lighting. He obtained the electricity required for this from the main workshop, where an electric generator was coupled with a steam engine and a battery of accumulators was installed. The introduction of electricity in the workshop took place later.
The workforce grew to 600 workers, salaried employees and civil servants by 1903. In 1910 the workshop was connected to the municipal water supply and sewer system. In World War I , most construction projects have been suspended. In 1919 the plant employed around 2,000 people. The introduction of memorial work initially failed and led to the temporary closure of the main workshop. With the 1700 employees who recognized the memorial work, work was resumed.
German Reichsbahn
On March 31, 1920, the German Reich and the German states with their own railways concluded a state treaty on their transition to the German Reich with effect from April 1, 1920. The establishment of the Deutsche Reichsbahn was complete. From July 6, 1922 on, the railway directorates and general directorates of the state railways were uniformly called the Reichsbahndirektion. On August 1, 1923, the plant was renamed "Eberswalde Railway Repair Shop". The hyperinflation of 1923 caused the German economy to collapse and led to mass layoffs. The workforce at the Eberswalde plant sank to 1500 by the beginning of 1924. After the transformation of the Deutsche Reichsbahn into the privately organized Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (DRG) on August 24, 1924 (Reichsbahngesetz), the plant was named "Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk Eberswalde" on October 1, 1924 (RAW).
Due to the centralization of vehicle maintenance, the locomotive workshop was closed in August 1926. At the same time, repairs were switched to coaches and freight cars. The workforce decreased to 1,000 people. At the end of the 1920s and the beginning of the 1930s, the plant was further expanded through renovations and new buildings. With the law on the reorganization of the relations between the Reichsbank and the Deutsche Reichsbahn of February 10, 1937, the railway and thus also the Eberswalde plant were returned to Reich sovereignty , and the DRG was renamed the Deutsche Reichsbahn.
The Second World War brought the plant to the service of war. Women were conscripted to repair the wagons and prisoners of war had to do forced labor . On April 19, 1945, fighting between German and Soviet troops began on the outskirts of Eberswalde . One day later, work in the factory ceased. Most of the employees and their families were evacuated by train. Some of the wagons were loaded with material. At the Warnemünde train station in Rostock , the then works director declared the RAW to be dissolved. On the night of April 25th to 26th, 1945, the German air force destroyed large parts of the city center of Eberswald, including 65 percent of the factory buildings and 90 percent of the RAW's equipment.
Shortly after the end of the war, 25 workers at the plant began clearing up and securing material and tools. By order of the Soviet Marshal Zhukov , the formation of a central administration of the Deutsche Reichsbahn in Berlin and the establishment of eight directorates took place on August 18, 1945. The RAW Eberswalde with 140 employees was assigned to the Reichsbahndirektion Greifswald and, in the 60 years, to the newly founded directorate of repair works of the DR (RBDAW, Reichsbahndirektion repair works) based in Berlin. On September 10, 1945, the repair of the first freight and passenger cars as well as locomotives began again.
With the start of the planned economy , the Deutsche Reichsbahn had major transport tasks. The number of employees rose to 1084 by 1950. In 1951, with the second specialization, the company switched to the sole repair of freight wagons. With the reconstruction of the plant and the removal of the rubble, the workforce grew to 1980 by 1954. In 1955, the plant was named RAW “8. May “Eberswalde. With the introduction of the container transport system at the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1968, the factory converted from flat cars to container carriers . In the 1980s, bogie wagons were built to be open in addition to ongoing maintenance .
Shortly before the reunification of the two German states, on October 1, 1990, the Reich Railway Directorate districts were restructured. The RAW Eberswalde with around 1500 employees was assigned to the Reich Railway Directorate Schwerin. Extensive modernization work on facilities and buildings began in 1992.
Deutsche Bahn AG
On January 1, 1994, the rail reform came into force. From the authorities Deutsche Reichsbahn and Deutsche Bundesbahn the exclusively entrepreneurial Deutsche Bahn AG emerged , which was completely federally owned. The Eberswalde plant became part of the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary DB Cargo , which was renamed Railion Germany on September 1, 2003 , DB Schenker Rail Germany on February 16, 2009 and DB Cargo Germany on March 1, 2016 .
Since January 1, 2004, the heavy vehicle maintenance of Deutsche Bahn AG has been run as “ DB Fahrzeuginstandhaltung GmbH ” in the Services division. The GmbH has 13 factories and workshops, including the Eberswalde factory.
The financial crisis from 2007 onwards led to lower demand for freight transport. There was hardly any need for maintenance of freight cars. The number of temporary workers at the DB Eberswalde plant fell from 70 in August 2008 to 0 in October 2008. In March 2010, 254 of the 420 employees were on short-time work . One of the two workshops had to be temporarily closed. In the following months the order situation improved again due to replacement services such as the maintenance of passenger coaches. In August 2010, five of 409 employees (including 85 trainees) were on short-time work. The number of temporary workers rose to 58.
In October 2014, due to the crisis in freight transport and the associated decline in necessary maintenance services for freight wagons, Deutsche Bahn announced that it would close the plant by the end of 2016.
EBW Railway Works Eberswalde
After the closure of the plant by Deutsche Bahn AG at the end of 2016, Quantum Capital Partners AG took over operations on January 1, 2017 and continued to operate under the name Eisenbahnwerk Eberswalde (EBW) to a significantly reduced extent. Only 210 employees were to be taken over. EBW had to file for bankruptcy in March.
Rail vehicle construction Wittenberge
On January 1, 2018, the plant was bought by Deutsche Eisenbahn Service AG and continued with 74 employees. Since their Wittenberge site has reached its capacity limit, the plant in Eberswalde should grow again a little. By May 2018, the number of employees had been increased to 90. By December 2018, the number of employees rose to 133.
literature
- Kgl. Pr. Minister d. public Work (Ed.): Berlin and its railways 1846-1896 . Springer, Berlin 1896, 1982 (reprint), ISBN 3-88245-106-8
- Dieter Grusenick, Werner Lexow: 125 years of the Angermünde - Stralsund railway, 1863-1988 - A historical flashback to an important railway line in the north of the GDR . Reichsbahndirektion Greifswald 1988
- Horst Regling, Dieter Grusenick, Erich Morlok: The Berlin-Stettiner Eisenbahn , Transpress, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-344-71046-X
- DB Cargo Eberswalde plant, Otto Müller GmbH & Co. KG Bauunternehmung (publisher): 120 years Eberswalde plant 1878–1998
- Bahn Extra: maintenance workshops , GeraNova, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-89724-149-8
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Eberswalde railway plant sets new course . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , January 13, 2011
- ↑ Maintenance workshop Eberswalde celebrates its 135th birthday. (No longer available online.) Deutsche Bahn AG, June 6, 2013, formerly in the original ; Retrieved June 11, 2013 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ Dietmar Rietz: Plant recovered after the crisis. In: MOZ.de. August 17, 2010, accessed January 14, 2011 .
- ^ Bahn closes plant in Eberswalde. In: MOZ.de. October 8, 2014, accessed January 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Bahnwerk Eberswalde files for bankruptcy ( page no longer available , search in web archives ). In: rbb 24, March 30, 2017
- ^ Claudia Bihler: Eberswalde railway works has new owners. In: Märkische Allgemeine. December 15, 2017. Retrieved March 27, 2018 .
- ↑ Sven Klamann: The number of railway workers is increasing again. In: MOZ.de. January 10, 2018, accessed March 27, 2018 .
- ↑ Capacity utilization at the Eberswalde plant requires a steady increase in staff. DESAG Holding, May 15, 2018, accessed on July 18, 2018 .
- ↑ Strategy works - Eberswalde plant continues on the road to success. DESAG Holding, December 19, 2018, accessed on February 4, 2019 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 49 ′ 53.8 ″ N , 13 ° 48 ′ 0 ″ E