Daliranite
| Daliranite | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| other names |
IMA 2007-010 |
| chemical formula | PbHgAs 2 S 6 |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Sulfides and sulfosalts |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
2.G 03.04.10.03 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | monoclinic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | not exactly determined (sphenoid, domatic or prismatic) |
| Space group | P 2 (No. 3) , Pm (No. 6) or P 2 / m (No. 10) |
| Lattice parameters |
a = 19.113 (5) Å ; b = 4.233 (2) Å; c = 22.958 (8) Å β = 114.78 (5) ° ° |
| Formula units | Z = 8 |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 1 to 2 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | calculated: 5.93 |
| Cleavage | not known |
| Break ; Tenacity | brittle |
| colour | Orange red |
| Line color | light orange red |
| transparency | transparent |
| shine | Diamond luster |
| Other properties | |
| Special features | excellent semiconductor |
Daliranite is a very rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of "sulfides and sulfosalts" with the chemical composition PbHgAs 2 S 6 , ie it consists of lead , mercury , arsenic and sulfur in a ratio of 1: 1: 2: 6. Structurally, the mineral belongs to the sulfo salts .
Daliranite crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system and has so far only been found in the form of “nests” of fibrous crystal needles less than two millimeters in length. The transparent and strong orange-red crystals have a diamond-like sheen on the surface , but appear gray under the reflected light microscope.
Etymology and history
Daliranite was discovered in 2001 by the mineralogist Farahnaz Daliran, who was working for the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology at the time. During the inspection of the “Zareh Shuran Mine” near Takab in the Iranian province of West Azerbaijan , she collected some of the striking orange-red colored mineral samples. An international research team led by Werner Paar from the University of Salzburg analyzed the mineral samples in cooperation with Daliran and was able to confirm that it is a hitherto unknown type of mineral.
The mineral was recognized by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) in 2007 and is named after its discoverer to honor her services to German-Iranian cooperation in raw material research.
Type material of the mineral is kept in the Mineralogical Museum of the University of Salzburg (Institute for Materials Technology and Physics) in Austria (sample nos. 14947 and 14948) and in the South Australian Museum in Adelaide (catalog no. G29976).
classification
Since the Daliranite was only recognized as an independent mineral in 2007, it is not listed in the Strunz mineral system (8th edition), which has been outdated since 2001 .
The 9th edition of the Strunz'schen mineral systematics, also used by the IMA, assigns the daliranite to the class of “sulfides and sulfosalts” and there to the “sulfarsenides, sulfantimonides, sulfbismutides” class. Since the further classification for the still relatively new mineral has not yet been determined, it can be found under system no. 2.G .
The systematics of minerals according to Dana also assigns the Daliranite to the class of "sulfides and sulfosalts" and there in the department of "sulfosalts". Here he is together with Christite and Laffittite in the unnamed group 04/03/10 within the subdivision of "Sulphosalts with the ratio 3> z / y and the composition (A + ) i (A 2+ ) j [B y C z ], A = metals, B = semi-metals, C = non-metals ”.
Crystal structure
Daliranite crystallizes in monoclinic symmetry. However, the space group has not yet been determined in more detail and is indicated with P 2 (No. 3) , Pm (No. 6) or P 2 / m (No. 10) . The lattice parameters determined are a = 19.113 (5) Å ; b = 4.233 (2) Å; c = 22.958 (8) Å and β = 114.78 (5) ° with 8 formula units per unit cell .
Education and Locations
Daliranite forms hydrothermally , but seems to be deposited only in a late phase, as it is almost always to be found in the form of incrustations on the previously formed minerals auripigment and quartz . In rare cases, it is also Alkhait , Hutchinsonit and Cinnabar ( vermilion ) associated .
So far (as of 2016) Daliranite could only be discovered at its type locality , the Zareh Shuran Mine in Iran.
use
Due to its extreme rarity, naturally occurring Daliranite will not be used as a raw material. However, since the sulfosalt is an excellent semiconductor , synthetically produced daliranite could be used in solar cells in the future.
See also
literature
- Werner Hermann Paar, Allan Pring, Y. Moëlo, Christopher J. Stanley, Hubert Putz, Dan Topa, Andrew C. Roberts, RSW Braithwaite: Daliranite, PbHgAs 2 S 6 , a new sulphosalt from the Zarshouran Au-As deposit, Takab region , Iran. In: Mineralogical Magazine Volume 73 (5), October 2009, pp. 871–881 ( PDF 986.2 kB )
- Paula C. Piilonen, Glenn Poirier: New Mineral Names. In: American Mineralogist Volume 95, 2010, pp. 1357–1361 ( PDF 363.6 kB ; p. 2)
Web links
- Mineral Atlas: Daliranite (Wiki)
- Mindat - Daliranite
- Monika Landgraf: Daliranite - KIT researcher discovers new mineral , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, press release 147/2009
Individual evidence
- ^ IMA / CNMNC List of Mineral Names; November 2015 (PDF 1.5 MB; p. 45)
- ↑ a b c d Werner Hermann Paar, Allan Pring, Y. Moëlo, Christopher J. Stanley, Hubert Putz, Dan Topa, Andrew C. Roberts, RSW Braithwaite: Daliranite, PbHgAs 2 S 6 , a new sulphosalt from the Zarshouran Au- As deposit, Takab region, Iran. In: Mineralogical Magazine Volume 73 (5), October 2009, pp. 871–881 ( PDF 986.2 kB )
- ↑ a b c Daliranite , In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America , 2001 ( PDF 44 kB )
- ↑ List of localities for Daliranit in the Mineralienatlas and Mindat
- ↑ Monika Landgraf: Daliranite - KIT researcher discovers new mineral , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, press release 147/2009
- ↑ Name and article of the first writer at researchgate.net