Damam
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Arabic الدمام Damam |
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| Coordinates | 26 ° 25 ' N , 50 ° 7' E | ||
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| Basic data | |||
| Country | Saudi Arabia | ||
| al-Sharqiyyah | |||
| ISO 3166-2 | SA-04 | ||
| surface | 800 km² | ||
| Residents | 903,312 (2010 Census) | ||
| Metropolitan area | 3,120,000 (2012) | ||
| density | 1,129.1 Ew. / km² | ||
| Post Code | (CEP) 314xx | ||
| Telephone code | 966 (country), 3 (city) | ||
| Website | www.dammam.gov.sa | ||
| politics | |||
| mayor | Muhammad ibn Fahd | ||
The port city of Dammam (also Ad Dammam or Damman ; Arabic الدمام, DMG ad-Dammām ) is the capital and largest city of the province of Ash-Sharqiyya (Eastern Province) in Saudi Arabia and an important location for the Saudi oil industry.
geography
Geographical location
The city is located on the east coast of Saudi Arabia, northwest of the island state of Bahrain , on a headland that extends into the Persian Gulf . Cities in the vicinity of Dammam are al-Chubar , and Zahran with the headquarters of Saudi Aramco , the largest oil company in the world. Together the three cities have around 2 million inhabitants, almost 750,000 of whom live in Dammam.
geology
The majority of the Saudi oil reserves and a quarter of the world's oil reserves are located in the province.
Urban area
Dammam is the fifth largest city in Saudi Arabia (see List of Cities in Saudi Arabia ).
In the early 1980s, Dammam was still a city in its own right. However, it was so close to al-Chubar and Dhahran that in the course of the ongoing expansion, the three cities united to form a city called Dammam Area . Each of the three cities retained its own character and some administrative authorities, but together they appear as an administrative unit. The Dammam Area covers around 700 km².
history
Before oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia, Dammam was a small fishing village. On March 4, 1938, after three unsuccessful years of drilling, there was an eruption at the now famous Dammam No. 7 drilling site , which suggested an enormous oil deposit. In the 1940s, the oil income allowed King Ibn Saud to modernize the country, much of which also benefited Dammam. Construction of the modern dam began in the 1970s. Within three decades, the city grew enormously and became the capital of the Eastern Province.
Population development of the agglomeration according to the UN
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 20,000 |
| 1960 | 35,000 |
| 1970 | 84,000 |
| 1980 | 196,000 |
| 1990 | 409,000 |
| 2000 | 639,000 |
| 2010 | 909,000 |
| 2017 | 1,157,000 |
politics
In Dammam there were repeated clashes between police and supporters of the terrorist organization al-Qaeda . In May 2004, 22 foreigners died in a hostage situation; in September 2005, Saudi security forces stormed a shelter and killed all terrorists.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The main oil export ports in Saudi Arabia are Ra's Tanura and Dammam on the Persian Gulf. With the King Abdul Aziz Port, the city has one of the largest ports on the Persian Gulf; the port for foreign trade is the second largest Saudi port after that of the city of Jeddah . The port is also an important export location for natural gas. In 2000/2001, 13,740,338 tons of goods were handled at King Abdul Aziz Port. The cities of the eastern and central provinces are supplied through the port. The port is largely independent and has its own clinic, residential buildings for servants, a sewage treatment plant and mosques.
Dammam's port is served by King Fahd Airport , which was completed in 1999 and is located 30 km to the west , one of three international Saudi airports. a. was used by the US military during the Second Gulf War in 1991. Dammam is the garrison town of the Saudi National Guard in the Eastern Province.
The 556 km long main freight train line of the only 1,400 km long Saudi railway network runs from Riyadh via Haradh to Dammam and was completed by Aramco in 1952. In 1985, a second 449 km long direct route for passenger traffic was expanded. In 2010, a 950 km extension of the Dammam / Riyadh line as a land bridge to Jeddah on the Red Sea and a 115 km stretch between Dammam and the port and industrial city of Jubail north of Dammam will go into operation.
Despite the industrial development of the province, Dammam lags behind the capital Riyadh as an exhibition center.
Industry
Dammam has a thermal power station and chemical and petrochemical industries.
Isuzu Motors Saudi Arabia has been producing light trucks in Dammam since the end of 2012 .
education
Dammam is an important educational center in the kingdom. In 1975 the King Faisal University was founded in Hofuf and Dammam, one of eight universities in the country.
Culture and sights
The most popular local recreation area in Dammam is the slope bank (corniche) built around a bay along the road from Al-Aziziyya Beach to the Tarot Islands. Many open-air works of art, children's playgrounds and leisure facilities can be found in the approximately eleven-kilometer green strolling zone.
King Fahd Park is located on the Dhahran to Dammam highway between Dammam and al-Chubar. It is a modern park with cafeterias, swimming pools, lagoons, fountains and an amusement center for children.
The Dammam National Museum is located on the fourth floor of the public library across from the stadium. It contains exhibits depicting the culture of the area.
The half moon beach is the most famous beach in the Eastern Province. It bears its name because of its semicircular shape. It is very busy during the weekends. There are two amusement parks nearby.
Sports
The first round of the qualification of the Asian participants for the soccer world championship 2002 was played as a tournament completely in Dammam. Saudi Arabia entered the group first in round two.
In 1984 and 1988, the Al-Ettifaq football team from Dammam won the Arab Club Champions Cup .
sons and daughters of the town
- Stefan Hoffmann (* 1984), German soccer player
- Ali al-Amri (* 1987), obstacle and long distance runner
- Yahya Al-Shehri (* 1990), football player
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Saudi Arabia - Dhahran / Dammam ( Memento of March 24, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), AUMA, Association of the German Exhibition Industry (in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The Remarkable Transformation of the Dammam-Dhahran- Al-Khobar Triangle ( Memento of July 28, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), saudiembassy.net (in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Discovery! The Story Of Aramco Then, Chapter 7: Dammam No. 7 ( Memento of February 24, 2008 in the Internet Archive ); saudiaramcoworld.com (on the Internet Archive )
- ↑ 50 years of Saudi Arabian history - the development of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from its founding in 1932 to the death of King Khalid in 1982 , seminar paper, University of Rostock
- ^ Dammam , Encyclopedia of the Orient
- ↑ World Urbanization Prospects - Population Division - United Nations. Retrieved July 23, 2018 .
- ↑ 22 dead in terror drama , Der Stern, May 31, 2004
- ↑ Terrorists Wiped Out in Dammam , arabnews.com, September 2005
- ↑ King Abdul Aziz Port of Dammam ( Memento of May 18, 2006 in the Internet Archive ), Barwil Unitor Ships Service (in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ King Abdul Aziz Port at Dammam ( Memento of the original from May 23, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , KingFahdBinAbdulaziz.com
- ^ King Abdul Aziz Port, Dammam , Saudi Ports Authority
- ^ King Abdul Aziz Port, Dammam, Services , Saudi Ports Authority
- ↑ King Fahd International Airport, a magnificent achievement for the kingdom in the air transport industry , Prepared by: The Editorial Board, Civil Aviation Magazine, Extracted in full from issue No.27
- ^ Dammam, Saudi Arabia , globalsecurity.org
- ↑ Map of the Saudi railway lines ( Memento of the original from September 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , saudirailways.com
- ↑ Long overdue Saudi railway link will have huge benefits for global shipping industry, Future of cargo . ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. saudirailexpansion.com, The Times , Sep 7, 2004
- ↑ Introduction Expansion Project ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , saudirailways.com
- ^ Renewal of the existing railway line Dammam - Hofuf - Harad - Al Karj - Riyadh
- ↑ Dammam ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Wissen.de
- ↑ Dammam ( Memento of May 28, 2006 in the Internet Archive ), Etihad Airways , National Airline of the UAE (in the Internet Archive )
- ^ King Faisal University
