De origine, situ et magistratibus urbis Venetae ovvero La Città di Venezia

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Under the title De origine, situ et magistratibus urbis Venetae ovvero La Città di Venezia , Marin Sanudo , a Venetian patrician who lived from 1466 to 1536, wrote an overview of Venice's origins, its location and its magistrates. The author wrote the text in the Venetian idiom , but like all his works, it never went to print. It was not until 1980 that Angela Caracciolo Aricò made a critical edition . It has been handed down in three codices , one of which was adapted to the greatly changed circumstances, i.e. to the upheavals that were forced by the temporary loss of Northern Italy and a severe military defeat in 1509. This was reflected above all in the structures and responsibilities of the central bodies, the administration and the actual exercise of power.

The author Marin Sanudo and his work

Marin Sanudo was famous for his extensive diaries (the edition comprises 58 volumes), which he continuously led daily between 1496 and 1533 on public and private, political and social events. In addition to the related tasks, he also mastered the craft of a historian ( Le Vite dei Dogi ), he also devoted himself to collecting and poetry. He also had a huge library of over 6,500 volumes for his time (ed. Caracciolo Aricò, p. XIII), including numerous codices, and even more printed works. Towards the end of his life, however, for economic reasons he was forced to sell this collection, which was thus widely scattered.

All of his works remained unpublished until the late 19th century. Recognition, except through personal communications, thanks and inquiries, was denied to him during his lifetime, which left him bitter and impoverished. He did not succeed in gaining recognition as the official historian of the Republic of Venice . Instead, both Marcantonio Sabellico and the idle Andrea Navagero and Pietro Bembo were preferred to him. The latter used both Sanudo's diaries and his history of the republic. At the direction of the almighty Council of Ten, he was even required to give Bembo his records. After all, he received an annual fee of 150 gold ducats . In the end, he complained bitterly in a long letter to the Council of Ten .

Sanudo came from a very old, respected family, the Candiani-Sanudo. His mother was Letizia di Pellegrino Venier, his father Leonardo di Marin (o) Sanudo. But on October 11, 1474, his father Leonardo (* 1426) died in Rome, which pushed his family to the edge of the established nobility. This part of the nobility had no access to the higher posts and offices that government activity normally afforded the nobility. He also lacked the necessary contacts, for which he had far too little time in view of the enormous task he had set himself. In addition, his mother was pregnant with his younger brother Leonardo at the time, and he also had the little older sister Sanuta. The children Alvise, Antonio, Elena and Maria also came from Leonardo's previous marriage. Alvise, the eldest son, was now in charge of the family's finances. When Alvise rushed to Syria in 1480, Marin took on this task. He turned to Francesco Sanudo for help, fearing that he would have to sell the family palace. When Francesco was raised to Podestà in Padua, Marin also went there in 1479/80. His first literary work, the Memorabilia deorum dearumque , he dedicated to his uncle in 1481.

Many authors, such as Marco Guazzo , used Sanudo's historical work without naming the author, as Rinaldo Fulin was able to prove. The work depicted here was also frequently used by other authors, such as Francesco Sansovino for his Venetia città nobilissima et singolare or his work Delle cose notabili che sono in Venetia .

The choice of Venetian instead of the common Latin language was possibly in direct polemical form against Sabellicos De situ urbis . In doing so, he was aimed at an audience to whom the formalized design and expression was inaccessible or unproductive, and which remained too vague for him. So educated and uneducated readers alike should be able to understand it.

His unpublished work, like his diaries, was repeatedly supplemented and provided with marginalia . A first message about the work comes from the year 1484, when he gives a reference in his Excusatio at the end of the third book of the Commentari della guerra di Ferrara and mentions that he wanted to dedicate the work to "Jeronemo Giorgio cavalier aurato". This Gerolamo Zorzi was related to Leonardo, Sanudo's father, as well as to his uncle Francesco Sanudo di Marino. The latter was among other things as envoy to Pope Paul II , Gerolamo as envoy in Rome, then in Constantinople and France. He was the son of Francesco. He was related to Marin Sanudo in that he married a cousin of Sanudo. This in turn was a daughter of Benedetto Giorgi and a sister of Francesco and Leonardo Sanudo. A decade later he thought of dedicating his work to a higher one, namely the Doge Agostino Barbarigo , to whom he had also dedicated his opus Le vite dei Dogi , in the hope of receiving support from the Doge. Sanudo himself noticed with satisfaction that his work was valued by the educated because of his great expertise ("extimata", as he himself writes in a letter). But it remained with a handwritten reception, the expression of which is still copied by the patriarch Giovanni Tiepolo even after a century . This in turn writes (Correr, n. 969, f. 68v) that he made his copy based on the model of the "Pietro Contarini quondam Cattarin".

Part III of the work dealing with the committees and magistrates was most frequently cited. Sanudo wanted to praise Venice's special role, its noble origins (not like Rome, which was founded by peasants), its rational organization, its justice and freedom, but also its piety. He emphasizes his ties to the religious sphere with a seemingly endless list of relics that were kept in the city's churches and monasteries (pp. 46–49 in the edition). In doing so, however, he does not want to hide the downsides.

Manuscripts and editions

The work has survived in three manuscripts, two of which are in the library of the Museo Correr . These were previously in the collection of Emmanuele Antonio Cicogna (n. 920 and 921). Cicogna had acquired it again from the Cocco in 1863. They therefore came from the possession of the Patriarch Giovanni Tiepolo (he himself writes "Zuanne Thieppolo", f. 8r, p. 19 of the edition). The two apographs (today Marciana n. 969 and 970) were created in 1587, when Tiepolo transcribed Sanudo's original with his own hand . It contains not only Sanudo's De origine, situ et magistratibus urbis Venetae ovvero La Città di Venezia , but also other materials on the religious, artistic and political life of Venice, as well as notes on Aquileia , Grado , Monselice , Padua , Brescia , Rome and many others other places (n.970).

Rinaldo Fulin based his edition of 1880 on the manuscript Correr n. 969, inexplicably using the f. 19v – 41v left out. Likewise, he did not refer to Codex n. 970. In contrast, it formed an essential basis for the edition that Angela Caracciolo Aricò produced in 1980.

The third codex, which is in the Biblioteca Marciana , dates from 1515. Although it was quoted many times in studies of Venetian history, it was only edited very late. It is a revision in which the massive changes after the Battle of Agnadello (1509) become clear. On advice from Marino Berengo, Caracciolo Aricò edited the f. 42r – 68v and that of the Marciana manuscript together.

Structure of the edition

The editor dedicates herself to the biography of Sanudo and places it in connection with his efforts for recognition as well as his oeuvre as an author and places this in the historical context. In addition, it traces the history of its textual basis for the edition, as well as parts of the reception history (pp. VIII – XXIX). At the beginning of each of the three sections on the underlying codices, she describes the manuscripts (p. 3f., P. 155 f. And p. 239).

Biblioteca Museo Correr, Codex 969

Angela Caracciolo Aricò first describes the paper codex, which dates from the 16th century. This belonged to the Cocco Collection and was acquired by Emmanuele Antonio Cicogna in 1863 together with Codex 970 . Today it is in the Biblioteca Museo Correr , the library of the Museo Correr , with the Cicogna manuscripts (n. 969). Accordingly, the codex is in a good state of preservation. It measures 212 by 155 mm and is bound in parchment. The previously restored back bears the signature "Biblioteca Museo Correr - Cicogna 969". With a pen on the obverse, presumably by Cicogna, is noted “920”, in a different handwriting “969” was entered. The provenance is noted on the inside: “Cicogna, n. 920” together with the current signature: “969”. The handwritten note on the dirty sheet “920. Codicetto the Emmanuele Antonio Cicogna. Ven. 1863 Ottobre. Segnato col nu. 920 ”, which continues:“ Autore Marino Sanuto = Prezioso libretto che dal Foscarini p. 326 si crede perduta = Vedi anche il chiarissimo e amantissimo delle venete cose l'inglese sir Rawdon Browon abitante in Venezia da vri anni che è autore dei Ragguagli sulla vita e opere di Marino Sanuto 1837–1838 a p. 190 e 1 .. ". Between the front and the dirty sheet is a letter from Cicognas dated November 30, 1863, in which he notes that the historian Armando Baschet had a copy of the manuscript made in 1864 (!) In order to publish it in France. On the back there are more notes of Cicognas. In it he makes a note of bibliographical information. On a small sheet of paper attached, he quotes the autograph Marin Sanudos, which De Magistratibus contains and is in the Marciana. The manuscript itself consists of 68 sheets with writing on both sides. The numbering is done by a hand other than that of the author, probably by Cicogna. He notes on f. 68v: “La Tavola non c'è” because the table of contents is missing. On f. 8r and 19r the name of the copyist Giovanni Tiepolo appears on f. 68v appears the name of the author Marin Sanudo. On f. 1v there is a rudimentary sketch that illustrates the star constellation at the time of his birth. A smaller, unpaginated manuscript is associated with the Codex. It comes from a completely different hand, measures 180 by 126 mm and is described on both sides. It consists of only eight leaves. Their themes are the "Nozze illustri de 'nobili Venetiani con Regi, Duchi, Principi, et altri personaggi d'importanza", i.e. the marriages of Venetian nobles with kings, dukes, princes and other important persons (ed. Caracciolo Aricò, p. 3 f.).

In praise of Venice ("Laus urbis Venetae"), Sanudo followed up with a description of the sestieri , the six districts (Cod. 969, f. 11r – 15v). This is followed by a section on the churches (f. 15v – 16r), the Doge's Palace (f. 16r – 17v), followed by the arsenal and some comments on the river system and the lagoon (up to f. 18v), and the districtus (up to 19r).

This is followed by lists compiled according to various criteria, which fill the work up to folium 41v. From f. 19v there is a list of the contrade , the parishes , arranged according to the said sestieri, plus the 64 monasteries with the associated orders (up to 22r). From f. 22v he lists the relics and their storage locations according to the five scuole grandi , whose candle colors he names (f. 22v – 24v), but also other "cosse notabili in diverse chiese", remarkable things in various churches (up to f. 26r) . The silver pals on the altars (f. 26v) are important to him , but also the indulgences and the places where they can be obtained. This is followed by the hospices (f. 27r) and - somewhat abruptly - the traghetti , places where you could be translated with gondolas (f. 27r-v) as well as the locations of the travel brands, then the holidays, the victory celebrations. This is followed by the trades that were located in certain alleys or on certain rive (canal banks), finally a short price list, then the annual bull hunt (which appears here because on the one hand it was a victory celebration, on the other hand represented the butchers as craftsmen). Sanudo then added the days on which the doge had to celebrate (f. 29v – 30v), along with the equipment, including the necessary musical instruments and badges that were intended for the individual participants. On f. 31v follows a list of things to see. On f. 32r – v are followed by the coins minted in Venice, namely “Ducato”, “Trono”, “Mocenigo”, “Marcello”, “Marchetto” and “Bagattini” together with their exchange rates and coin descriptions. The folia 33r to 34r fills a doge list with their reigns in years, months and days, which extends to Andrea Gritti . There, as in some other places, the dates are missing, which is explained by Gritti, because he did not die until 1538. This list is followed by an alphabetical list of the "casade de zentilhomeni" (f. 34r – 35r), the items, which the Great Council awarded to the nobility (f. 35v – 41r). This long performance including the "Vicedomini al Fontego di Todeschi ". Further lists of this kind follow, for example about the still living "cavallieri zentilhomeni" and finally "li Dottori".

He opens the section “De Magistratibus urbis” with the Doge and his election as well as the subsequent celebrations (f. 41v – 43v), then the rights of the Doge and their limits as well as the customs of his death (up to f. 45r). According to the hierarchy of honor, the six "Consegieri", the Councilors of the Doge, the "Cai di Quaranta", the heads of the Council of Forty, the "Savij dil Conseio", the "Savij a Terra Ferma", the "Savij ai Ordeni" follow , then the “Provedadori sora l'Armar”, the “Cassieri” and the “Collegio” (up to f. 48r). Sanudo adds comments on the “Consegio di X”, the Council of Ten (f. 48r – v), the “Conseio di Pregadi” (the Senate) and its voting mode (up to f. 50r), then he writes about the “ Procuratori di San Marco ”(f. 50v – 51r), the“ Governadori dell'Intrade ”, the“ Patroni all'Arsenal ”, the“ Provedadori al Sal ”and the“ Provedadori alle Biave ”(the latter supervised salt and Grain). From folio 52v follow: "Provedadori sora le Camere", "Provedadori di Commun", "Camerlenghi di Commun", "Officiali alle Rason Vecchie" and "alle Rason Nuove", then the "Officiali ai X Officij", "ai Cattaveri" , "Al luogo di Procuratori", "Conseio di XV ta Criminal", "Savij sora i Procuratori a Rialto", "Tre Savij in Rialto", "Provedadori sora i Officij", "sora el Polisene", "Savij sopra le Acque "," This Savij "," Provedadori alla Doana di Mar "," alla Camera d'Imprestidi "," Savij sora la Sanitade "," sora le Pompe delle donne "," Provedadori all'Arsenal ". Then follow the “zudegadi di Pallazzo” according to their areas of responsibility (f. 56r – 58r), plus the “Avvocati per le Corte” and “di Presonieri”. He joins this large number of lawyers with the “Auditori Vecchij alle Sententie”, the “Auditori Nuovi alle Sententie” with the courts of law, the “Conseio di XL ta Civil” and “Novissimo”. Then follows the “Collegio delle Biave” responsible for the grain supply. The monitoring personnel include the “Apontador a San Marco”, then above all the “Officiali di Notte”. The "Sindici a San marco", the "Sopra i Gastaldi", were also used to monitor, report and punish the incumbent. After the “Pagadori all'Armamento” he lists around 40 other items, including the “Cancellier Grando”, the function of which the author describes in detail (f. 66r – 68r). Finally there is a list of the “rezimenti, et officij che si stridano in Gran Conseio o in Pregadi”, that is, the lordships or offices determined in the Grand Council or in the Senate, which are redefined every year. At the end of the codex, on folium 68v, Sanudo, as he expressly writes, quoting Bernardus Iustinianus, quotes an entry from the "libro secreto" of October 26, 1391. In it, the Doge Antonio Venier shares in the greatest secrecy ("in maximo secreto" ) with the "Francisco Bembo", where the body of the evangelist Marcus is, recorded by the "Petro de Quadraginta Venetiarum Cancellario", the Grand Chancellor.

Biblioteca Museo Correr, Codex 970

The Codex, also from the Cocco Collection, was, like Codex 969, in Cicogna's possession. Therefore, it is now in the manuscripts of this collector under n. 970. The well-preserved codex measures 213 by 160 mm and is wrapped in parchment. On the back there is a badly preserved lettering: “Misellanea /… /”, above is the plaque with “Biblioteca Museo Correr - 970 - Venezia”. "Cicogna 970" was written with a pencil on the front plaque with a younger hand, followed by "Cicogna, n. 921" and "970" on the inside. On the dirty sheet (probably) Cicogna noted only “921”, then another hand “Miscellanea di Cronica Veneta di Marin Sanutto” and finally, probably by Giorgio Cocco, notes on passages in the codex that concerned his family. The codex comprises 129 pages, probably paginated by Giorgio Cocco, which have been described throughout, with the exception of page 96, which is halved and empty. The text can be found on pages 1 to 98, on pages 99 to 104 there is a detailed overview of the contents. The text on pages 105 to 128 is different. The copyist had inserted incomplete numbering after pages. Codex 970 comes from the same hand as Codex 969. In the former, the initials “ZT”, which stand for Zuanne Tiepolo, the copyist, can be found at the very end. Also in this codex there is a clear reference to the author, who gives his date of birth including the hour (p. 74): "1466 adì 22 Mazo, hore 24 1/2, nacque io Marin Sanudo" - this entry is underlined with red chalk . Cicogna insisted that the two codices belong together: “Questi due codici 920 - 921 devono stare uniti. Io li comperai nello spoglio di casa Cocco, cui […] molte cose steps di pugno di Giovanni Tiepolo pervennero in potere ”( Catalogo manoscritto della Biblioteca icogna Libro I, p. 396). In this codex, too, there is a small opus on pages 105 to 128 with the title Nobeli Venetiani , which does not come from Tiepolo, who on the contrary adds: "et sue gesti". A table of contents was started on p. 129, but it ends after the first three entries. Another sheet by another hand, filled with notes on the Church of S. Cristoforo della Pace, is also in the Codex.

Codex 970 also begins on p. 1 with a list of relics, with the bodies of saints listed up to p. 5, followed by the “relic” up to p. 10. This list is followed by the monasteries, separated into male and female monasteries (to p. 12). Then Sanudo lists churches and congregations, the parishes (pp. 14-16), the "Hospedali", the number of which he adds up. At that time there were 34 hospices. As in Codex 969, the “Rughe dele arte in Rialto e altro” appear here, then the “Rive” and “Cose publiche”, which means state buildings, of which he lists 14. Without any recognizable order, 66 species of fish follow (“Sorte de pesci maritimi”, p. 17), specifically 19 prison names (“Nome delle preson”, p. 18) or the “Libri in Cancelleria”, of which he names 18 (p. 18 ). He sometimes sets the time frame on the basis of his own, direct experiences, for example when he performs “Zentilhomeni fatti del Gran Conseio dapoi il mio venir a Conseio”, since his own participation in the meetings of the council. Again unsystematically follow 13 bridges, traghetti, “Banchi de scritta in Rialto” (p. 21), then again the aristocratic houses (p. 21 f.), The “signori fatti del nostro Mazor Conseio”, yes, the jewelry that one in the "Santuario" shows, including the "barretta del Dose", whose ceremonies Sanudo also performs, including the order in processions. He also lists the “Cavallieri vivi del 1512” (p. 29–31), the Doge voters of 1501, the “Provision fatte alla guerra di Chiozza” (the measures in preparation for the Chioggia War (p. 33)). The sections “1455 Stima delle case de Venetia” are also important, but also the following tables on the “Camera d'Imprestidi Monte Vecchio per paga” or the “Persone tansade del 1499” (p. 36). Again the “Dosi eletti”, the “elected doges” from 1172, information on the burial places, then “Manzarie fanno i Zudei in Venetia, del 1514” (p. 39 f.). These listings for certain years continue. The churches that are subordinate to the patriarch follow again, the names of the bishops and archbishops, the abbots and protonotaries, as well as individual "Frati" who officiated on Venetian territory in 1512 (p. 61, here the pagination jumps from p. 40 to p . 61, p. 195 f. Of the edition). Church lists follow again, starting with Murano (p. 65), followed by Torcello, Mazzorbo and Burano. Due to the massive political upheavals, he lists an enormous number of people who filled certain positions. In the middle there is a “Iuramentum Iudaeorum” (p. 70). Thereupon he performs “Santi dell'ordine de'Predicatori”, which are venerated in various churches, as well as the blessed (p. 71), even the seasons (“Li tempi dell'anno”) with their beginnings (February 19th “ la primavera ”, March 21st“ l'estade ”, August 24th“ l'autunno ”, November 26th“ l'inverno ”). In a further list (pp. 74f.) Sanudo lists the birthdays of important personalities, including, in addition to his own, that of “Mahumet gran turco” on March 24, 1430 (probably Mehmed II ) and “Baiasit gran turco” ( Bayezid II. ) under September 16, 1439 (p. 74). This list ranges from 1420 to 1458; it is followed by a much shorter list of the days of death (p. 75). A list of cities that were founded before the appearance of Christ includes only "Troia anni 2931", "Ravenna anni 2914" and "Roma 715". For the time afterwards he only performs “Costantinopoli 270” and “Venetia 421”, the legendary year Venice was founded. Again without any recognizable connection, the various castellans follow , for example von Strà between 1456 and 1467 or the Podestà "alla Bebe" (p. 76), the Torre delle Bebbe . Occasionally, Sanudo enters council resolutions, such as one of September 7, 1258, which stated that the Grand Council could only pass a resolution that affected the procurators if one of them was present. He also lists the names of the “Cancellieri grandi” from 1281 to 1482 (p. 79 f.), Provisions on the salt chamber (p. 81), the “Secretarij ducal” from 1524 or “Sepolture de populari cittadini dove sono”. The processional rules on the occasion of the celebration of St. Anthony of Padua , which took place every year on June 13th, and the list of the holy bodies that are in the church of Sant'Antonio di Padova, even the editor omits (p. 225, note 3). Probably at a later point in time, as the changed, slower handwriting suggests, Sanudo added the “Regalie del Dogado si scuode ogn'anno” and “Quel si scuode dalli Camerlenghi” (pp. 89-94). At the very end there are the graves of the Doges of Venice, where he lists “Costantinopoli” as the first burial site (“ Henrico Dandolo ”, strangely enough “Piero Orsiolo” and “ Piero Barbolano over Centranigo ”). This is followed by "Aquitania" (" Pier Orsiol fu santo "), then Grado ("Zuan Badoer", "Piero Candian") and Ravenna ("Domenico Orsiol", "Otto Orsiol", "Piero Orsiol"), and finally the churches at and in Venice. The editor also left out the table (“La Tabella”, pp. 99-104), a detailed index that the copyist Giovanni Tiepolo himself had made. On p. 104 there is the date of the completion of the copy by Tiepolo, namely June 19, 1587, “quando sonava 11 hore”, “when it rang 11 o'clock”.

Cod. Marciano, ital., Cl.VII, 761 = 7959, Autograph Sanudos

The first three leaves of the manuscript, f. 1r – 3v, are unwritten. Sanudo begins with an overview of the offices in Venice and wants to list how they are filled and what tasks they have: "Qui sarà notado tute le dignitade di oficij di Veniexia e per che modo i se fa e qual è il suo officio". In doing so, he follows a strict sequence in the actual offices, not in the bodies such as the Senate. After the name, he gives the number of incumbents, how they are elected and where they officiate, and if applicable the minimum age of the candidates. Then he briefly outlines their tasks and their term of office, such as 16 months - this was the most common case - or eight months or for life. The latter was extremely rare and, in addition to the Doge and the Chancellor, concerned the “Apontador per i Oficij di Rialto”; his job was to report unpunctual incumbents. In many cases, the times when they were present in their “oficio” are also mentioned, often the time of origin, at least the name of the doge under whom the office was established. Often instances or competencies and their limits are also outlined. Many of these offices also had legal authority in the event of violations or crimes, such as the “Oficiali al Formento” (f. 40r).

This long section is followed by blank pages (f. 47r – 53v), then the “Rezimenti” that were elected by the Grand Council, such as the Podestà of Chioggia or Caorle, also the Conte of Grado (f. 54r), offices in Ducat of Venice. This is followed by offices on Istria, in "Dalmatia", "Albania", on Corfu, then the "Ixole" (meaning Kephallonia and Zante), in the "Morea", "In l'Arzipielago" (the islands of the Aegean) , on "Crete" and "Cypri". This is followed by the Capetanij, ie fleet leaders, first the trade convoys to “Fiandra”, “Barbaria”, “Trafego”, “Baruto”, “Alexandria” and “Constantinopoli” as well as other posts in this context. (f. 56r). This is followed by the Terra Ferma (f. 56v – 57v). A special feature was the permission and at the same time an obligation to enter the “Conseio di Pregadi”, the Senate (f. 56r – v). This is followed by various committees in which different office holders meet for an overarching purpose, such as the "Colegio dile Biave". There, in the case of the grain supply, complex tasks were bundled, ranging from the auditors to customs offices, from the actual grain master to the mint, the zecca , from the arsenal, where the supply of ship biscuits fell into his area of ​​responsibility, to various legal institutions. After this break, Sanudo continues his performance of the offices, for example in "Veronese" or "In Trivixana", with the whole of Veneto performing, as well as Friuli and Romagna. Apparently in order to find these offices more easily, the author adds an alphabetical list of offices (“Oficij si fa in Veniexia per alphabeto”) (f. 62r – 63v). At the end there is a probably incomplete list under the title “Oficij si feva in questa Terra” (f. 64r).

Scientific apparatus

An extensive glossary (by Paolo Zolli) is attached on pages 295 to 314. Pages 317 to 356 fill an alphabetical register of the names appearing in the text, finally a list of the illustrations and a table of contents. There are also ten illustrations of various origins, of which only one page of the autograph on p. 238 comes from Sanudo, namely from Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana. Cod. It. cl.VII, n.761 (= 7959), f. 4r ( Le dignitade di oficij di Veniexia ).

Editions

  • Angela Caracciolo Aricò (Ed.): Marin Sanudo il giovane. De origine, situ et magistratibus urbis Venetae ovvero La Città di Venezia (1493–1530) , Istituto Cisalpino / La Goliardica, Milan 1980.
  • Rinaldo Fulin (ed.): Cronachetta di Marin Sanudo , Visentini, Venice 1880 (Codex 969 of the Marciana, without folia 19v – 41v).

Remarks

  1. ↑ Rinaldo Fulin et al. (Ed.): I Diarii (1496-1533) , 58 volumes, Venice 1897–1903.
  2. ↑ Angela Caracciolo Aricò , Chiara Frison (ed.): Marin Sanudo il Giovane: Le vite dei Dogi 1423–1474 , 2 vols., La Malcontenta, Venice 1999–2004 (critical edition). ( Digitized, Vol. 1 , Google Books, Vol. 2 ).
  3. ^ Venice State Archives , Senato Terra , reg. 7, f. 48r; Le vite dei dogi (1423-1474), ed. Caracciolo Aricò, 2002-2004, p. 217.
  4. ↑ Caracciolo Aricò describes the two codices on p. 3 f. and 155 f.
  5. ↑ Both birthdays are incorrect. Mehmed was born in 1432, Bayezid in 1447 or 1448.