Dhar (city)
| Dhar धार |
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| State : |
 India
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| State : | Madhya Pradesh | ||
| District : | Dhar | ||
| Location : | 22 ° 36 ′ N , 75 ° 18 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 565 m | ||
| Area : | 36 km² | ||
| Residents : | 93,917 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 2609 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Postal code : | 454001 | ||
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Dhar ( Hindi : धार ) is a city with around 100,000 inhabitants in the south of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh . For centuries, Dhar was the capital or one of the most important cities in the Principality of Malwa or in the Princely State of Dhar .
Location and climate
Dhar is located in the Vindhya Mountains at an altitude of about 565 m . The distance to the northwestern capital of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal , is about 345 km (driving distance); to Indore it is only approx. 82 km in an easterly direction. The climate is rather temperate by Indian standards; Rain (approx. 925 mm / year) falls almost exclusively during the summer monsoon season .
population
| year | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
| Residents | 59,246 | 75,374 | 93,917 |
The majority Hindi- speaking population consists of about 79.5% Hindus , about 17.5% Muslims and about 2% Jains ; Christians , Sikhs , Buddhists and others are numerically small minorities. As is common in censuses in northern India, the male population is about 8% higher than the female.
economy
Agriculture in the surrounding villages traditionally plays the primary role in the region's economic life; The main crops are wheat , lentils and soybeans . The city itself functions as a center for handicrafts, trade and services of all kinds. Tourism plays a subordinate role.
history
From the 9th to the 13th centuries, Dhar was the capital of the Hindu Paramara dynasty; from the year 1033/34 there is an inscription of King Bhoja in the base of an Ambika statue (today in the British Museum ); the king was killed trying to recapture the city in 1065. In 1305, the rule of the Sultanate of Delhi began , from which the Malwa region split off under the governor Dilawar Khan Ghuri at the beginning of the 15th century. Either he himself or his son Hoshang Shah (ruled 1406–1435) relocated the capital to Mandu, about 30 km to the south, a few years later . In the 16th century the Mughal Empire took power; during its decline in the 18th century, the Marathas came to power and later the British .
Attractions
Dhar has several attractions.
- The fort of Dhar rises on a ridge. It was probably built by the Paramaras in the Middle Ages, but later repeatedly redesigned and renewed.
- The overall rather unadorned Lath Masjid was built at the beginning of the 15th century by order of Dilawar Khan. It is one of the typical courtyard mosques in North India, the supports of which come from destroyed Hindu or Jain temples or were made by Hindu stonemasons. The actual prayer room contains 3 mihrab niches facing west ( Mecca ) and a stone prayer pulpit ( minbar ) . The center of the prayer room is covered by a cantilever dome; the side entrances to the courtyard also have domes. On a pedestal in front of the mosque lie three fragments of an originally 13.20 m high iron column; According to tradition, it originated in the time of King Bhoja, but at some point it overturned and broke.
- The Kamal Maula Masjid is very similar to the main mosque. It is therefore assumed that it was created at the same time.
- The Jheera Bagh Palace was built in the 19th century and was the seat of the Maharajas of the princely state of Dhar; it now serves as a hotel.
Surroundings
- The Bagh Caves , located almost 100 km southwest, are a series of nine Buddhist caves carved into a rock wall . Some of them contain remains of Ajanta- style paintings .
See also
The western capital of the Paramara Empire was Arthuna in what is now Rajasthan.
Web links
- Dhar, History - Maps + Info (English)
- Dhar, Fort - photo + info
- Dhar, Fort - Photo + Info (English)
- Dhar, mosques - Photos and information (English)
- Dhar, Mosque - Photo + info (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dhar - climate tables
- ^ Dhar - City Population 1991-2011
- ^ Dhar - Census 2011
- ↑ Dhar History
- ↑ Dhar History
- ↑ Dhar - Sights ( Memento of the original from November 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
