The directions of the Islamic Koran interpretation

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The directions of the Islamic interpretation of the Koran is a work of Islamic studies published in 1920 by the Hungarian orientalist Ignaz Goldziher (1850–1921), which deals with the intellectual currents and tendencies in the history of the Koran exegesis . It is originally involved in the in September 1913 Uppsala University as part of Olaus Petri - lectures held talks that extended in 1920 and revised at Brill in Leiden in the series Publications of the " De Goeje - Foundation " (. Nº VI) In book form.

content

The work is dedicated to the history of Koran exegesis (Arabic tafsīr ). The origins and development of the interpretation of the Koran from its beginnings to Goldziher's present are presented, i.e. H. the period of Egyptian Islamic modernism in the early 20th century of Muhammad ʿAbduh (1849-1905) and his school (as reflected in particular in the magazine al-Manār (The Lighthouse) with its editor Raschīd Ridā (1865-1935)) and the Indian-Islamic cultural movement ( Aligarh - movement , Sayyid Ahmad Khan (1817-1898), Syed Ameer Ali (1849-1928)). In addition to the traditional and dogmatic interpretation of the Koran, Islamic mysticism and sectarian directions in exegesis are also examined in detail.

Goldziher describes the Qur'an commentary by at-Tabari (839–923), a Sunni traditional , historian and legal scholar of Persian origin, as "a major theological work that is invaluable for our Western scholarship", first printed in 1903 (in Cairo ), and then in an edition in 1911 when "a full edition of the mighty work in 30 volumes (together about 5200 pages in 4 ° )", "in a more correct form" was available to him. Goldziher emphasizes: "We have a rich encyclopedia of traditional exegesis, the representative of which is Ṭabarī". and consistently draws on it in its historical presentation of this scientific discipline. The exegetical information traced back to Ibn ʿAbbās (619–688), the cousin of the Prophet Mohammed (d. 632) and son of the ancestor of the Abbasid dynasty, is also dealt with in detail.

Extensive use found Bukhari (810-870) collection of traditions and Qastallanis (1448-1517) Bukhari commentary , also works of the mystic Ghazali (1058-1111), in particular its Ihya ''Ulum ad dīn ( The Revival of the Religious Sciences ), also Dhahabi ( 1274–1348) Tadhkirat al-huffaz  /تذكرة الحفاظand Ibn Qutaibas (828-889) Ta'wīl muchtalif al-hadīth  /تأويل مختلف الحديثas well as many other works, such as that of the mystic Ibn ʿArabī (1165–1240), especially his writings Fusus al-hikam and Futuhat al-makkiyya .

The Koran commentary on al-kashschaf by Zamachscharī (1075–1144) is also used extensively by Goldziher .

background

The work is Goldziher's last major work, which is still considered to be groundbreaking today.

It was originally intended as a continuation of his lectures on Islam published in Heidelberg in 1910 .

Goldziher dedicated the book to his daughter-in-law, who died young: “To the dear memory of my daughter-in-law Marie Goldziher née. Freudenberg (dated December 4, 1918) wistfully consecrated. "

The corrections to the book were read by the Dutch orientalists Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936) and Arent Jan Wensinck (1882-1939), who were friends with Goldziher .

Editions and translations

  • The directions of the Islamic Koran interpretation . Olaus Petri lectures given at Uppsala University. Brill, Leiden 1920. Digitized . Review by DS Margoliouth , in: The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland , No. 1 (Jan., 1922), pp. 120–122: The directions of the Islamic Koran interpretation (Lines Followed by the Islamic Exegesis of the Kur'an). ( Online partial view )
  • An Arabic translation of ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm al-Naǧǧār (d. 1964) appeared under the imprecise title Madhāhib al-tafsīr al-Islāmī ( Arabic  مذاهب التفسير الاسلامي). Bayrūt, Lubnān: Dār Iqraʼ, 1992
  • Schools of Koranic commentators . Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz in commission, 2006.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A Swedish translation appeared in Stockholm in 1915 : Islam fordom och nu. Study i korantolkningens historia. Olaus Petri-förläsningar. Översättning från författarens manuscript av Tor Andræ. Stockholm, Hugo Gebers förlag, 1915
  2. ↑ Under the influence of the writings of Ibn Taimīya (1263-1328) and his disciple Ibn Qaiyim al-Jschauzīya (1292-1350), namely his I'lām al-muwaqqi'īn 'an Rabb al-'ālamīn (إعلام المن عربن عربن العالمين), translated into English by Abdul-Rahman Mustafa: On taqlīd: Ibn al Qayyim's critique of authority in Islamic law . New York: Oxford University Press , 2013.
  3. ↑ See also Islam in India , Islam in Pakistan , Islam in Bengal .
  4. ↑ Directions , p. 86
  5. ↑ With hidden irony, Goldziher notes at this point that the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres " seemingly unsuccessful" for a Prix ​​Bordin of the Paris Academy asked the prize question Étude sur le Tafsīr de Ṭabarī et le Kecchāf de Zamakhschari . Directions , p. 87
  6. ↑ pp. 65-81
  7. ↑ A scholarly biography compiled chronologically; it begins with the vita of the first caliph Abū Bakr and ends with the biographies of some of the author's teachers
  8. ↑ cf. Che Amnah Bahari: Ta'wīl mukhtalif al-hadīth: an annotated translation . International Islamic University Malaysia Press, 2009
  9. ↑ pp. 215–257 (according to the index)
  10. ↑ see directions , index, p. 387: "... 117-177"
  11. ↑ See Andrew J. Lane : A Traditional Mu'tazilite Qur'an Commentary: The Kashshaf of Jar Allah Al-Zamakhshari (D.538 / 1144) ( Texts and Studies on the Qur'an ). Leiden 2005
  12. ↑ Like his works, Lectures on Islam and Muhammadan Studies ; see e.g. B. Angelika Neuwirth : The science of Judaism and the beginnings of historical-critical research on the Koran and Islam: A contribution to the German-Jewish history of science - gepris.dfg.de
  13. ^ Foreword by the author, X (Budapest, March 1920)
  14. ↑ Both from the University of Leiden , the intellectual center of Dutch colonialism (see also Dutch Colonies & Dutch East Indies etc.).
  15. ↑ See also the foreword, pp. IX and X .:
    “The remaining misprints, the list of which I ask you to consider before using the book, are due to the often indistinct condition of my print manuscript, which was made under unspeakably gloomy conditions, and apologize for the same. The Arabic words were transcribed in the same way that I followed in my lectures […]. ”(Date: Budapest, March 1920). - “Supplements and corrections” are on pages 388–392.
  16. ^ VIAF
  17. ↑ worldcat.org