Disulfur decaffluoride

Structural formula
General
Surname	Disulfur decaffluoride
other names	Sulfur fluoride (ambiguous); Sulfur pentafluoride; Sulfur (V) fluoride;
Molecular formula	S 2 F 10
Brief description	colorless liquid with a smell of sulfur dioxide
External identifiers / databases
EC number	227-204-4
ECHA InfoCard	100.024.732
PubChem	62586
Wikidata	Q246414
properties
Molar mass	254.12 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	2.08 g cm −3
Melting point	−55 ° C
boiling point	28.7 ° C
Vapor pressure	748 h Pa (20 ° C)
solubility	almost insoluble in water
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
MAK	Switzerland: 0.01 ml m −3 or 0.1 mg m −3
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Disulfur decafluoride is a chemical compound from the group of inorganic sulfur compounds and fluorides , which was discovered in 1934 by Denbigh and Whytlaw-Gray.

Extraction and presentation

Disulfur decafluoride is formed as a by-product in the reaction of sulfur with fluorine or in a photochemical way from sulfur chloride pentafluoride.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ SF_ {5} Cl + H_ {2} \ longrightarrow S_ {2} F_ {10} +2 \ HCl}}

properties

Structural formula of disulfur decafluoride including molecular dimensions

Disulfur decafluoride is a colorless liquid with a smell of sulfur dioxide and is very reactive due to the formation of SF ₅^• radicals. When heated, it decomposes into sulfur hexafluoride and sulfur tetrafluoride . In the presence of an excess of chlorine , it reacts to form sulfur chloride pentafluoride .

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {S_ {2} F_ {10} + Cl_ {2} \ longrightarrow 2 \ SF_ {5} Cl}}

Disulfur decafluoride is insoluble in water and does not react with it. It is also not hydrolyzed by aqueous solutions in the acidic and alkaline range, but in 10% potassium hydroxide solution in methanol .

The figure on the right shows the bond lengths and angles of the disulphur decafluoride.

use

Thiazyl trifluoride can be prepared from ammonia and disulphurodecafluoride .

safety instructions

Disulfur decafluoride is very toxic. When inhaled, it is fatal to rats even in the ppm range. Research has shown that it is at least three times as toxic as phosgene . For these reasons, it was intended as a lung warfare agent during World War II , since, unlike some other chemical warfare agents, it does not cause tears or skin irritation when it comes into contact with the eyes and is therefore difficult to detect in time.

literature

M. Kronberg: Formation and properties of the SF5 radical. Dissertation, University of Hanover, 1998. DNB 954430840

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e record with disulphur decafluoride in the GESTIS database of IFA , retrieved on Feb. 28, 2017(JavaScript required) .
↑ ^a ^b Kurte: Infrared spectrometric trace gas determination in sulfur hexafluoride used for electrical switchgear . Dissertation, TU Dortmund 2002
↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
↑ Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt (Suva): Limit values - current MAK and BAT values (search for 5714-22-7 or disulphur decafluoride ), accessed on November 2, 2015.
↑ Kenneth G. Denbigh and Robert Whytlaw-Gray: The preparation and properties of disulphur decafluoride . In: J. Chem. Soc . 1934, pp. 1346-1352. doi : 10.1039 / JR9340001346 .
↑ Hans P. Latscha, Helmut A. Klein; Inorganic Chemistry, ISBN 978-3-540-42938-8 .
^ AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 101st edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9 , p. 565.
↑ Steve Mitchell (1996). Steve Mitchell, ed. Biological interactions of sulfur compounds. CRC Press. p. 14. ISBN 0-7484-0245-4 .
^ Fritz Ullmann; Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, ISBN 978-3-527-20000-9 .
↑ Harold Johnston: A bridge not attacked: chemical warfare civilian research during World War II . World Scientific, 2003, ISBN 9812381538 , pp. 33-36.

[GESTIS-1] record with disulphur decafluoride in the GESTIS database of IFA , retrieved on Feb. 28, 2017(JavaScript required) .

[kurte-2] Kurte: Infrared spectrometric trace gas determination in sulfur hexafluoride used for electrical switchgear . Dissertation, TU Dortmund 2002

[NV-3] This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.

[4] Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt (Suva): Limit values - current MAK and BAT values (search for 5714-22-7 or disulphur decafluoride ), accessed on November 2, 2015.

[5] Kenneth G. Denbigh and Robert Whytlaw-Gray: The preparation and properties of disulphur decafluoride . In: J. Chem. Soc . 1934, pp. 1346-1352. doi : 10.1039 / JR9340001346 .

[6] Hans P. Latscha, Helmut A. Klein; Inorganic Chemistry, ISBN 978-3-540-42938-8 .

[7] AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 101st edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9 , p. 565.

[8] Steve Mitchell (1996). Steve Mitchell, ed. Biological interactions of sulfur compounds. CRC Press. p. 14. ISBN 0-7484-0245-4 .

[9] Fritz Ullmann; Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, ISBN 978-3-527-20000-9 .

[10] Harold Johnston: A bridge not attacked: chemical warfare civilian research during World War II . World Scientific, 2003, ISBN 9812381538 , pp. 33-36.