Dobbiner plague

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The former Dobbiner See on Wiebeking's map from 1786

The Dobbiner Plage is the Dobbiner See, also called Wostrowitz in Slavic, which was drained into the 19th century , in the municipality of Dobbertin in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . The eponymous place Dobbin was on the west bank of the water. The area of ​​the lake extended from today's road from Dobbertin to Below in the south to the Dobbertin district of Kläden . Here there was a connection to the Kladener See, which was also drained. The Dobbiner See had an area of ​​about 3.5 km², about one kilometer wide and three and a half kilometers long.

geography

The Dobbiner Plage is on the edge of the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature reserve in the "Mittleres Mildenitztal" nature reserve and borders in the north on the Klädener Plage nature reserve and the Mildenitz-Durchbruchstal valley .

history

The Dobbiner See was mentioned in a document as Wostrowitz when the Dobbertiner monastery property was expanded in 1237 . In this document, Herr zu Werle and Rostock Nikolaus pressed the boundaries of the monastery area, including ... the Milnitz (Mildenitz) brook from Jawir See (Dobbertiner See) to Lake Wostrowitz (the drained Klädener and Dobbiner See) and on to the brook Bresenitze (Bresenitz) ...

The flat, calcareous (meadow lime, silt lime) Dobbiner See was recorded in Wiebeking's map from 1786. After 1786, the use of the Mildenitz in the monastic area began to drain the Dobbiner and Klädener lakes for grassland reclamation. Both have been named Dobbiner and Klädener Plage since their drainage in the late 18th century and border the Mildenitz breakthrough valley to the south-east. The Dobbiner See existed as a shallow body of water until around 1798. The drainage had stalled from 1809 to 1816 due to lack of money. Afterwards, trenches were dug in the dry areas of the lake to drain off the spring water. Most of the work was carried out by barge workers. From 1860 to 1862, the Dobbiner Plage with the largely swampy Mildenitz leading through the Wiesental was ameliorated and partially straightened. The plan for the excavations was drawn up between 1849 and 1851 by the Parchim hydraulic engineer Garthe and carried out by the Güstrow building contractor Kleinert. Drainage measures were also carried out in the years after 1862 to 1927 to ensure that the meadow areas were used continuously. According to the protocol of the Dobbertin State Estate Administration of July 15, 1935, the meadow areas from the Dobbiner Plage official reserve were leased to 32 families from Dobbertin, Dobbin, Schwinz and Jellen for a period of 10 years. In 1941 the plague was 40 to 50 cm under water and in 1943 the district farmer leader complained about the inadequate cleaning of the drainage ditches.

Today the Mildenitz on the eastern edge of the Dobbiner Plage flows almost in a straight line from south to north and separates the Dobbiner from the Klädener Plage in the north.

Eight-meter-thick layers of sedimented sea ​​chalk and lime mud were deposited , which could not prevent the penetration of groundwater from the earth. The grassland area was used as a hay meadow and pasture. The hard work of carrying the mown grass on carriers and over softened ground to dry places gave the area the affix plague . A pumping station built in 1973 as part of the renovation work , which from then on pumped the water into the Mildenitz, improved the situation. However, agricultural use continued to be subject to considerable restrictions.

Only a fen area is left of the former lake. A former peninsula of the lake is today's paradise paddock. During the Thirty Years' War , the villagers in the area sought refuge from the wandering troops here. A partial area has been designated as a natural monument since 1979 .

During the construction of the NEL (Northern European Natural Gas Pipeline) since 2007, the route passed Dobbin about 700 m south. The excavation area had a length of 240 m and a maximum width of 33 m. In a southerly direction you reach the north shore of Lake Dobbertiner after 700 m. A total of 560 settlement findings were uncovered. The most common were post pits with 325 findings from former houses or building structures. In addition, 151 simple settlement pits, 43 storage pits, 40 fireplaces and a modern grave structure came to light. The extensive finds included more than 9000 pieces of thick-walled, barrel-shaped vessels as well as bowls, pots and cups. The most important finds, in addition to 103 Young Bronze Age ceramic fragments, were a 4.79 x 4.62 cm sandstone mold.


Dobbiner plague

Dobbin lime kiln

The Dobbertin meadow limestone deposit extends to the flat moor meadows in the Dobbertin-Dobbin-Kläden area. Under a mostly ten centimeter to 1.1 meter thick cover of the flat bog peat, the meadow limestone is stored from two to four meters deep. It is a dirty yellow to pure white organogenic lime to lime sludge or digested sludge lime, which is partially interspersed with plant residues, as several test drillings show.

After the Dobbiner See was drained, meadow lime was found in 1824, which was later mined and burned to make building lime. In the Mecklenburg-Schwerin state calendar in 1852 a lime distillery with three buildings near Dobbertin is mentioned, which was located northwest of the Paradies-Wiese . The location of the lime kiln is also shown on the "Dobbertin" 1882 measurement table.

In 1904 Johann Friedrich Adler and from 1909 Carl Johann Mevius Kalkbrenner in Dobbin. The last lime burner, Carl Johann Ludwig Petrow, also known as Rohde, died in Dobbin in 1925 at the age of 79.

A drawing for the construction of a new lime kiln in the Dobbiner Plage was submitted by the Goldberg builder Herbert Lüders on March 31, 1946 and confirmed by the building officer Heinrich Wehmeyer as the building police authority of the Parchim district on August 5, 1946. From 1947, building and meadow lime was again burned there until the lime and cement supply improved in the 1950s.

Area natural monument Part of the Dobbertin paradise paddock

Paradieskoppel as a peninsula in the former Dobbiner See on Wiebeking's map
information sign
Juniper stands in the paradise paddock

The area natural monument is located in the middle of the Dobbiner Plage, one and a half kilometers northwest of the village Dobbertin and about 700 meters east of the village Dobbin in the western area of ​​the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature reserve . The 2.61 hectare area was placed under protection in 1979.

Usage history

The area with the old field name Paradieskoppel for the former Kirchenland formed a peninsula in the Dobbiner See. The partial area was overgrown with juniper , grass and herbs and protected from being eaten. Various juniper bushes were only cleared after 1925 in order to gain more pasture land and to be able to mine the pending meadow lime. Dobbiner and Dobbertiner farmers once used the paradise paddock and areas in the Plage as pastureland together with the church.

As early as 1880, the Heimatbund had objected to the parceling of the paradise paddock. The paradise , already referred to as this on the oldest monastery maps , a peninsula between the Dobbiner and Klädener See, which was drained around 140 years ago, has served as a paddock for a long time and is largely made up of a jungle of juniper, sometimes three to four meters high, like it otherwise it would not exist in Mecklenburg. Destroying this ornament of the whole area should also be the claim of the Heimatbund to prevent this. 45 years later, partial areas were cleared.

Even after the land reform, these areas continued to be used as pastureland for sheep and cattle by the Agricultural Production Cooperative (LPG) founded in Dobbertin in 1952 . Today the Dobbiner Plage is used as permanent grassland by the Dobbertiner Agrargenossenschaft eG. utilized.

Flora and fauna

Meadows of pipe grass can be found on the edge of the reserve . Individual specimens and groups of the common juniper (Juniperies communis) characterize the area natural monument. The area is also home to the orchid species of marsh stendrums (Epipactis palustris) and the great two-leaf (Listera ovata). The stalkless thistle (Cirsium acaule), the mignonette (Reseda lutea) and the adder's tongue (Ophioglossum vulgatum) have also been detected here.

By lack of agricultural use were from about 1990 to 2010 in particular the blackthorn and buckthorn multiply vegetatively strong. This led to large parts of the paradise paddock being covered with bushes. The populations of the willow-leaved alant (Inula salicina) have developed well despite a lack of care. The marsh stendellum (Epipactis palustris) and the large two-leaf (Listera ovata) could also be kept in the stock through small-scale mowing and care.

The juniper (Juniperies communis) as a character species of the protected area threatens to be subject to competition from sloe and hawthorn . But the juniper as a characteristic species of this area had been able to develop again in recent years.

literature

  • Franz Engel: Dobbin bei Dobbertin then and now. Low German Observer No. 121 of May 27, 1936, p. 16.
  • Ralf Koch: Securing natural monuments in the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature park. Development of a concept, Woosten 2010. (unpublished master's thesis) 153 pp.
  • Walter Kintzel: Status report on the FND Paradieskoppel near Dobbertin. 1999, No. 26 (unpublished)
  • D. Radke: Care and development concept for the paradise paddock near Dobbertin. TU Berlin 1995. (unpublished diploma thesis)
  • Christian Schacht: From a single source - Young Bronze Age metal foundry at Lake Dobbertiner. In: Pipeline: Archeology. State Office for Culture and Monument Preservation in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Schwerin 2014 ISBN 978-3-935770-41-5 pp. 123-128.

swell

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
    • LHAS 3.2-4 Knightly fire insurance , 23.
    • LHAS 5.12-4 / 2 Mecklenburg Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests , 8643, 8979.
    • LHAS 5.11-2 Protocol of the Landtag , 1862.

cards

  • Topographical, economic and military chart of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Monastery office Dobbertin with the Sandpropstei of Count Schmettau 1758.
  • Wiebeking map of Mecklenburg 1786, sheet 23.
  • Chart of the possessions of the Dobbertin Monastery, Section I. 1822, contains Dobbiner Plage, made from the Gutskarten Anno 1822 by SH Zebuhr.
  • Brouillion from the village field Dobertin to the high nobility monastery Dobberttin on ordinance Community Directorial Commission measured from 1771 by F. von See, reticified and drawn in 1824 by CH Stüdemann.
  • Chart of the Dorffeldmark Dobbertin, measured by F. von See, divided and charted by HC Stüdemann in 1842/43, copied in 1868 by SH Zebuhr.
  • Measuring table sheet Dobbertin 1882.
  • Economic map of the Dobbertin Forestry Office 1927/1928.
  • Official cycling and hiking map Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide 2010.

Web links

Commons : Dobbiner Plage  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ MUB I. (1863) No. 469
  2. ↑ Sebastian Lorenz: In: Dobbertiner Seengebiet and Mildenitz-Durchbruchstal. Chapter 3, dissertation at the Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, 2007.
  3. ↑ LHAS 5.11-2 Protocol of the Landtag 1862, Item 11
  4. ↑ LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Landeskloster / Klosteramt Dobbertin, 1334
  5. ↑ LHAS 5.12-4 / 2 MfLDF , 8643.
  6. ↑ Information board on site
  7. ↑ Christian Schacht: From a single source - Young Bronze Age metal foundry at Lake Dobbertiner. 2014, pp. 123–128.
  8. ↑ Measurement table Dobbertin, 1882
  9. ↑ LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Landeskloster / Klosteramt Dobertin, 4659
  10. ↑ Decision of the Council of the Lübz District No. 85–19 / 79 of September 12, 1979
  11. ↑ Simone Herbst: Juniper paradise recaptured. SVZ newspaper for Goldberg - Lübz - Plau, January 18, 2018.
  12. ↑ Forestry Act 1424, Museum Goldberg
  13. ↑ Ralf Koch: Safeguarding natural monuments in the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature park. Development of a concept, Woosten 2010. (unpublished master's thesis), Appendix B
  14. ↑ Walter Kintzel: A paradise for botanists. SVZ, newspaper for Lübz-Goldberg-Plau, 17./18. June 2017.

Coordinates: 53 ° 37 ′ 48 ″  N , 12 ° 2 ′ 31 ″  E