Stahnsdorf village church

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Stahnsdorf village church, view from the southeast

The Protestant village church Stahnsdorf is a sacred building from the first half of the 13th century in Stahnsdorf in the district of Potsdam-Mittelmark (Brandenburg).

history

The first written mention of the village is from 1264. At that time, the church was already in existence, and construction is generally assumed to begin shortly after 1200 and completion by the end of the first third of the 13th century. In the absence of dendrochronological investigations on the preserved original beams of the choir, the dating relies on comparisons of styles. Then it can be determined that the building, consisting of the church hall, choir square and semicircular apse, was built from extremely carefully hewn field stones and in one go. This puts it in a row with the churches that are regarded as the oldest churches in Mittelmark such as the Marienfelde village church and the Waltersdorf village church .

In the Middle Ages, the village church was the parish church for an extensive parish, which, in addition to the Slavic and German villages of Stahnsdorf, also included Sputendorf and Kleinmachnow and territorially extended to the Großer Wannsee . Contrary to what is often assumed, the Cistercians from the Lehnin monastery played no role in the construction and pastoral care in Stahnsdorf. After the von Hake family was enfeoffed with Stahnsdorf and Kleinmachnow in 1435, they also took over the patronage of the church and chose it as their grave until the end of the 16th century. Otto von Hake was the last of his family to be buried here in 1590. His grave slab in front of the altar and an epitaph on the north wall of the choir have been preserved. Even after the Kleinmachnow village church was completed in 1597, the Stahnsdorf church remained the parish church.

In the Thirty Years' War , the Church and the village was badly affected. Presumably during this time the roof of the nave burned out and the church fell into disrepair. In 1696 the church was repaired by Ernst Ludewich von Hake and a sacristy was added to the north side of the choir, which is accessible through the former priest's gate.

A boarded tower tower was placed on the west gable in 1779. He wears two bells. A dispute about the burial of the von Hake family in Kleinmachnow in 1832 or the entry of the suicide of the poet Heinrich von Kleist and Henriette Vogel, who was killed by him, in the Stahnsdorf register of deaths from 1811 testify to the role of the parish church over a larger parish district .

The village church was restored in the early 1980s and again from 2007.

architecture

The late Romanesque village church was designed as a so-called complete complex without a west tower consisting of a church hall, a strongly recessed choir square and a semicircular apse. The row of stones is carried out over a foundation of uncut stones, consistently made of precisely hewn field stones over all components of the church. From the fourth or fifth row of stones onwards, larger stones were sometimes installed at the corners of the church hall or choir, which interrupt the rows of stones at these points. The nave is accessible from the south and north through a gate each, in the north it is designed as a double stepped, pressed pointed arch. The former priest's gate on the north side of the choir leads into the sacristy, which was added in 1696 and is inaccessible from the outside.

The church interior has a flat roof. The nave and choir are separated by a Romanesque triumphal arch . Located on the west side behind the portals is the organ gallery, through which the wooden bell tower is also accessed.

The nave had five high arched windows in the north and south. The westernmost windows in each case were subsequently extended downwards, but returned to their original appearance during the restoration in 1983. The central north window was carefully blocked in earlier times. The choir has two south-facing windows in the same shape and height. On the north side of the choir, the previous position of any windows due to the sacristy annex can no longer be recognized.

The copper-covered apse has three arched windows, which subsequently increased and, as well as the North and choir window through cleaning window surrounds were widened visually.

Interior

The most important piece of equipment in the church is a late Gothic winged altar from around 1430 with carved figures of saints. The setting of the altar was subsequently changed in simple Renaissance forms. In the middle of the altar, the Mother of God Mary is depicted with the baby Jesus. It is framed by depictions of St. Catherine of Alexandria and a holy bishop of equal size. The bishop, depicted without attributes, is likely to indicate the original patronage of the church. In the side wings there are depictions of St. Barbara of Nicomedia and St. Dorothea or Maria Magdalena . The back of the wings have not been preserved. A carved crucifix crowns the altar. The original Altarmensa has not been preserved.

Two other late Gothic carved figures from the late 15th century depict St. Anna Selbdritt and the risen Christ. Both figures were provisionally on the winged altar next to the crucifix until the 1960s. The Resurrection Christ, possibly formerly the center of a Corpus Christi altar, is to the right of the triumphal arch in the nave. The figure of Anna Selbdritt should have belonged to its own Anna altar and was housed behind glass in the former sacrament niche next to the winged altar after a restoration .

The grave slab of Otto von Hake, who died in 1590, is located in the floor in front of the altar. An epitaph on the north wall of the choir room reminds of the same person. In the 1980s, medieval consecration crosses and other brick-red wall paintings in the form of lily-like ornaments and chessboard patterns were uncovered on the walls . The depiction of a vine has been preserved and painted over.

There is also a simple patronage seat with a painted coat of arms in the choir room . A baptismal bowl from the 16./17. Century and the pulpit from the 17th century, to the left of the triumphal arch complete the equipment.

literature

  • Thomas Marin: From Stanesdorp to Stahnsdorf. Karl Heinrich Schäfer's research on the Middle Ages in Stahnsdorf. Books on Demand. Norderstedt 2014. ISBN 978-3-7386-0898-4 .
  • Georg Dehio (arr. Gerhard Vinken et al.): Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .
  • Kurt Pomplun: The medieval village church building on the Teltow. Reprint from the Festschrift for Karl Hohmann. Berlin sheets for prehistory and early history. Volume 9. Berlin 1960

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Frank J. Seider: The hereditary burial at the Kleinmachnower village church. local report April 2014, quoted in: Marin, p. 46
  2. ↑ It is conceivable that Saint Stanislaus of Cracow, or Nicholas of Myra, is unlikely to be excluded, although Bernhard von Clairvaux is mentioned again and again in recent years. see. on this Bernhard, Nikolaus or at least Stanislaus? in: Marin, pp. 52-57
  3. ↑ for the interpretation of this figure cf. Marin, p. 50f
  4. ↑ after Karlheinrich Schäfer, cf. Marin, p. 58
  5. ↑ Peter Reichelt: Medieval wall paintings in the village church Stahnsdorf. Stahnsdorfer Ortsanzeiger 05/2010. quoted in: Marin, p. 45

Coordinates: 52 ° 23 ′ 31.6 ″  N , 13 ° 12 ′ 59.6 ″  E