Dracontomelon dao
| Dracontomelon dao | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dracontomelon dao |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Dracontomelon dao | ||||||||||||
| ( Blanco ) Merr. & Rolfe |
Dracontomelon dao, or the dragon apple , is a tree in the sumac family from southern East and Southeast Asia .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Dracontomelon dao is a large, mostly semi-evergreen tree that reaches heights of 20 to over 55 meters. It forms narrow buttress roots , some of which are meters high . The trunk diameter can reach 120-150 centimeters. The relatively smooth bark is grayish to brownish and sometimes scaly or flaky.
The slightly leathery leaves are arranged in a spiral at the ends of the branches and are mostly pinnate unpaired. The stalked leaves are 25–45 inches long, the petiole is about 8–16 inches long. The almost sessile to short-stalked leaflets are almost glabrous and up to 10-20 centimeters long and up to 5-10 centimeters wide. The terminal leaflet is petiolate longer. The entire-margined leaflets are ovate to lanceolate or lanceolate and pointed to pointed or tail. The veins are pinnate and lighter. Domatia can be present. Stipules are missing.
Generative characteristics
Up to 50 centimeters long, slightly fine-haired, terminal or axillary panicles are formed. The slightly fragrant and hermaphrodite, small flowers with a double flower envelope are five-fold and stalked. The pointed, short overgrown sepals are greenish and egg-shaped. The petals are white and spatulate with the tip laid back.
There are 10 short, enclosed stamens and an intrastaminal disc . There are 5 single and upper, partly overgrown or close-fitting pistils , each with a short stylus with a heady scar .
Roundish, greenish to yellowish or reddish and brownish speckled, about 2.5-3.5 centimeters large drupes with often permanent calyx are formed. The hard, rounded and conical as well as flattened, heavily sculpted, pitted and brownish, five-chamber stone cores have 5 small germ covers (operculum). Small and egg-shaped to ellipsoidal seeds sit in the fertilized compartments .
Systematics
The first description of Basionyms was made in 1837 by Francisco Manuel Blanco Paliurus dao in Flora de Filipinas 174. The re-allocation to the genus Dracontomelon was made in 1908 by Elmer Drew Merrill and Robert Allen Rolfe in Philippine Journal of Science 3: 108th
Some synonyms are known: Dracontomelon brachyphyllum Ridl. , Dracontomelon celebicum coord. , Dracontomelon cumingianum ( Baill. ) Baill. , Dracontomelon edule (Blanco) Skeels , Dracontomelon lamiyo (Blanco) Merr. , Dracontomelon laxum Schum. , Dracontomelon mangiferum (flower) flower , Dracontomelon puberulum Miq. , Dracontomelon sylvestre flower , Comeurya cumingiana Baill. , Paliurus dao Blanco , Paliurus edulis Blanco , Paliurus lamiyo Blanco , Pomum draconum Rumph. , Pomum draconum silvestre Rumph. , Poupartia mangifera flower .
use
The sweet and sour fruits and seeds are edible. The fruits are used raw or cooked.
The flowers and leaves are used cooked. The bark , leaves and fruits are used medicinally.
The medium-heavy and medium-hard but not very durable wood is used for various applications. Because of its visual and other similarity, it can be used as a substitute for walnut wood. It is also known as paldao or dao walnut .
literature
- PJA Kessler, K. Nanthavong, HV Sam: Trees of Laos and Vietnam: A Field Guide to 100 Economically or Ecologically Important Species. In: Blumea. 49 (2-3), 2004, pp. 201-349 at p. 227, doi: 10.3767 / 000651904X484298 .
- TK Lim: Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants. Vol. 1, Fruits , Springer, 2012, ISBN 978-90-481-8660-0 , pp. 75-78.
- CGGJ van Steenis: Flora Malesiana. Ser. 1, Vol. 8, Pt. 3, 1978, pp. 470-473, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
- F. Herrera, JD Mitchell, SK Pell et al .: Fruit Morphology and Anatomy of the Spondioid Anacardiaceae. In: The Botanical Review. 84 (4), 2018, 315-393, doi: 10.1007 / s12229-018-9201-1 .
Web links
- Dracontomelon dao at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Dracontomelon dao (PDF), at World Agroforestry (ICRAF).
Individual evidence
- ↑ online at Digital Library of the Real Jardín Botánico of Madrid.
- ↑ online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
- ↑ Dracontomelon dao at KEW Science.
- ↑ TK Lim: p. 75.
- ↑ HH Bosshard: Wood science. Volume 1, 2nd edition, Springer, 1982, ISBN 978-3-0348-5414-6 (reprint), pp. 130, 143 f.
- ↑ Paldao at The Wood Database, accessed on May 8 of 2019.