Dreifaltigkeitskirche (Worms)

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Dreifaltigkeitskirche Worms; Side view from the northeast
Dreifaltigkeitskirche Worms; Interior to the west: Luther mosaic and organ

The Dreifaltigkeitskirche (full name Reformation Memorial Church for the Holy Trinity ) is the largest Protestant church in Worms . The baroque hall building is centrally located on the town's market square and is now a listed building .

history

After the city was destroyed in 1689 during the War of the Palatinate Succession , the foundation stone for the Lutheran town church was laid in 1709 at the location of the destroyed Haus zur Münze , as it was then wrongly assumed that Martin Luther defended his writings here at the Diet of Worms in 1521 ; In fact, this happened in the Bischofshof a few hundred meters away (today the Heylshof park ). The church was built - with the help of all then 3,000 inhabitants - as an expression of the city's Lutheran creed and was under the motto " So God puts me in this place where Luther once known his word ". The church, designed by the Elector Palatine engineer, Villiancourt, was inaugurated in 1725 as the “new Evangelical Main Church in Wormbs Zur Heiligen Dreyfaltigkeit”. The planned framing of the church by two buildings for the town hall and school was not implemented. In the interior, the design was based on the Katharinenkirche in Frankfurt am Main, which the Worms magistrate had got to know during their exile in Frankfurt.

On February 21, 1945 the church - as well as large parts of the city center - was badly damaged in a British air raid on Worms . Of the original baroque building with its rich wood and paintings, only the surrounding walls, the lower part of the tower and the west portal with a two-winged, finely carved wooden door with symbolic representations of the Trinity survived the firestorm.

The church was rebuilt from 1955 to 1959 according to plans by Otto Bartning and Otto Dörzbach . The outer shape was largely restored, while the interior was designed in a modern way.

description

Dreifaltigkeitskirche Worms; Clockwork of the tower clock (today stored in the municipal museum Andreasstift)
Dreifaltigkeitskirche Worms; Ceiling painting by Johann Rosner: Birth of Christ (destroyed in 1945)
facade

The 58 m high church tower rises in the central axis of the west-facing facade of the church. On the side of the square tower there are two large platforms at the height of the eaves. The tower has a gallery above the bell chamber; here it tapers into an octagonal tower that carries the tower clock; the original work comes from Johann Jacob Möllinger and is now in the municipal museum Andreasstift . In the lantern, crowned by a double dome , is the carillon of the church. Overall, this creates the impression of a four-tiered tower construction.

The interior of the church is a 41 m long, 20 m wide and 17 high, east-facing single-nave hall, which is accessed centrally through the basement of the tower. To the left of the anteroom is a prayer room with the memorial for the fallen of the First World War with the title “Resurrection”, which was created in 1933/34 by the Darmstadt sculptor Ludwig Habich ; on the right is the sacristy. The previous baroque church had three circumferential galleries, the parapets of which - like the artistic wooden ceiling - showed biblical scenes, painted by Johann Martin Seekatz (parapets) and Johann Rosner (ceiling). The entire woodwork of the church burned in 1945 during the air raid on Worms. After the Second World War, the church was not originally reconstructed. The roof construction, a cross-ribbed vault made of wood, corresponds to the original design, but is no longer painted figuratively. Today there are two galleries on the west wall for worshipers or concert-goers; above is the choir and organ gallery. The chancel with pulpit and baptismal font takes up the entire five-eighth choir and is significantly higher than the nave.

The 15 floor-to-ceiling stained glass windows by Wilhelm Buschulte show biblical scenes. On the wall surfaces in between are the three articles of the Apostles' Creed and their interpretation by Luther in the Small Catechism in an ornamental majolica script designed by Johanna Schütz-Wolff . The arrangement of the windows follows the sequence of the creed and the topics given with it. Above the organ gallery, a mosaic by Walter Eglin shows "Luther before Emperor Karl V." The bronze doors on the side were designed by Ulrich Henn , the pulpit depicting the four evangelists is a design by the Worms artist Gustav Nonnenmacher . The altar furnishings are from Josef Hoh .

organ

With 56 registers , three manuals and 3,744 organ pipes is 1959 by GF Steinmeyer & Co. built Taschenladen organ with electro-key action the largest organ in a Protestant church in Rheinhessen . The original setting system with four free combinations was replaced in 1994 with an electronic setting system.

I positive C–
Singing dumped 8th'
Quintadena 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Schwiegel 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Sif flute 1'
Cymbel III
Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
II main work C–
Principal 16 ′
octave 8th'
Coarse 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
octave 4 ′
Pointed flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
octave 2 ′
Night horn 2 ′
Mixture V 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Sharp IV 1'
bassoon 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'
High trumpet 4 ′
III Oberwerk C–
Gedacktpommer 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Hollow flute 8th'
Willow pipe 8th'
octave 4 ′
Coupling flute 4 ′
Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Super octave 2 ′
recorder 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Small cornet IV 4 ′
Plein Jeu IV 2 ′
Rankett 16 ′
shelf 8th'
Schalmey 4 ′
Tremulant
Pedal C–
Principal bass 16 ′
Sub bass 16 ′
Quintad 16 ′
Quintbass 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octave bass 8th'
Covered bass 8th'
Fifth 5 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Choral bass 4 ′
Tube bare 4 ′
Peasant flute 2 ′
Rauschwerk IV 2 ′
Mixture V 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Contrabassoon 32 ′
trombone 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'
Clarine 4 ′
Singing Cornett 2 ′

Bells

Peal

The peal of the Holy Trinity Church consists of four bells, all of which have animal names:

  • “Lion”: a 0 , 1953 cast by Rincker ; Chime
  • "Bear": cis 1 , cast in 1729
  • “Nightingale”: e 1 , cast in 1729; Quarter-hour strike
  • “Grille”: f sharp 1 , cast in 1825; Quarter-hour strike

The last three bells are said to have been cast from the metal of the former city bell, which originally hung in the Martinspforte , was buried in 1689 before the occupation and destruction of the city by the French and so survived the city's destruction.

Carillon

Since 1956 there has been a carillon with 23 bells in the lantern of the Trinity Church. Until 2015, the carillon melodies were played using an electro-mechanical system made up of a play roller, perforated paper strips and tactile fingers. Then the carillon was switched to a digital control. This method allows a faster game; the played melodies no longer sound so static since the change. The glockenspiel can also be played directly with the aid of a game table attached to one of the galleries .

The carillon plays six different songs from the Protestant hymn book every day , which were selected according to the themes of the church year . For example, during the week beginning with Reformation Day on October 31st:

See also

literature

  • Johann Michael Lautz: Wormbsisches Monument because of the joy festival so the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation there celebrated in 1725 on July 31st by ordinance of a noble and wise magistrate at the inauguration of their new churches to the Holy Trinity called Feyerlichst. Johann Ludwig Spelter, Worms 1725. ( digitized version ).
  • Friedrich Walter: The Trinity Church of Worms 1725-1925. Festschrift for the 200th anniversary of the inauguration on July 31, 1725. Christian Herbst, Worms 1925
  • Dreifaltigkeitsgemeinde Worms (Hrsg.): The Reformation Memorial Church for the Holy Trinity in Worms on the Rhine. Memorandum for the re-inauguration on October 30, 1959. Worms 1959.
  • Fritz Reuter: The Evangelical Trinity Church in Worms. Neuss printing and publishing house, Neuss 2003 (Rheinische Kunststätten 476). ISBN 3-88094-904-2 .

Web links

Commons : Dreifaltigkeitskirche  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Informational directory of the cultural monuments of the independent city of Worms. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: worms.de. P. 3 , archived from the original on May 14, 2014 ; Retrieved November 18, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.worms.de
  2. ^ Friedrich Illert: Worms am Rhein - Official Guide of the Tourist Association . Verlag Erich Norberg, Worms 1964, p. 74 f .
  3. ^ Franz Bösken : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 1: Mainz and suburbs - Rheinhessen - Worms and suburbs . Schott, Mainz 1967, ISBN 978-3-7957-1306-5 , p. 493 (Contributions to the Middle Rhine Music History 6).
  4. ↑ KH. (= Karl Heinz Armknecht [cf .: Armknecht: Die Wormser Stadtmauern , p. 62, note 53]): The Martin gate . In: Worms monthly mirror from December 1968, p. 25f. (26).

Coordinates: 49 ° 37 ′ 48.3 "  N , 8 ° 21 ′ 42"  E