Triple-fluted hornwort

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Triple-fluted hornwort
Cerastium cerastoides (three-fluted hornwort) IMG 9094.jpg

Triple-fluted hornwort ( Cerastium cerastoides )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Alsinoideae
Genre : Horn herbs ( Cerastium )
Type : Triple-fluted hornwort
Scientific name
Cerastium cerastoides
( L. ) Britton

The three-fluted hornwort ( Cerastium cerastoides ) is a species of the genus hornwort ( Cerastium ) within the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae). It is common in the mountains of the northern hemisphere .

description

Five-fold, radial symmetry flower with the two-column petals and the three styles
Flowering from below
Triple-fluted hornwort ( Cerastium cerastoides )

The three-fluted hornwort is a loosely growing, creeping to ascending perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 5 to 15 centimeters. The opposite leaves are up to 10 millimeters long, lanceolate, thick and glabrous.

The flowering period extends from July to August. The upright, one- to three-flowered inflorescence has a hairline below the flowers. The bracts are herbaceous, glabrous or almost glabrous. The flower stalks are downy glandular and bent down at the fruiting time. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are 5 to 6 millimeters long and hairy at the base. The five free, white petals have two columns, about twice as long as the sepals. There are two circles with five stamens each. There are usually three, rarely four or five styles available.

The fruit capsule is longer than the calyx and opens with six blunt teeth.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36, 38 or 40.

Occurrence

Cerastium cerastoides is widespread in the mountains of the northern hemisphere . Where the three-fluted hornwort occurs in the Limestone Alps , it indicates superficial decalcification . The three handles Lige chickweed is in the central chains with crystalline rocks more often than in the northern and southern chains in which the rock is often limestone or dolomite is.

The three-fluted hornwort thrives best on moist to wet, somewhat acidic and therefore lime-poor , humus-rich , stony loam or clay soils which, however, must not be too poor in nutrients and should at least contain plenty of nitrogen . In Central Europe it predominantly colonizes spring horizons , damp spots in cattle stores and on busy pastures as well as snow valleys in the Alps at altitudes between 1500 and 2000 meters. In the Allgäu Alps it rises to an altitude of 2400 meters. Almost all locations are characterized by long snow cover. The species is a character species of the Poo-Cerastietum from the association Salicion herbaceae, but also occurs in other societies of the class Salicetea herbaceae.

literature

  • Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 375.
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 495.

Web links

Commons : Dreigriffeliges Hornkraut ( Cerastium cerastoides )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files