Ecuador Andean Hummingbird
| Ecuador Andean Hummingbird | ||||||||||
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Ecuador Andean Hummingbird ( Oreotrochilus chimborazo ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||
| Oreotrochilus chimborazo | ||||||||||
| ( Delattre & Bourcier , 1846) |
The Ecuador Andean Hummingbird ( Oreotrochilus chimborazo ) or sometimes Chimborazo Hummingbird is a species of bird in the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that covers about 20,000 square kilometers in the South American countries of Colombia and Ecuador . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .
features
The Ecuador Andean hummingbird reaches a body length of about 11.5 centimeters. The black, slightly curved beak is about 20 millimeters long. The male is predominantly olive green. He has a purple head with a black stripe on the chest. The base is white with disordered black stripes in the middle. These reach down to the stomach. The tail is predominantly white. Only the central control feathers shine blue-green. The outer feathers are a little darker. On the Chimborazo , the subspecies is very similar, but the lower part of the throat is glittering green. The female is a little more dull. The top is dark olive green. Postocular (behind the eyes) there is a white spot. The neck is white with flecks of green. The rest of the lower part is pale gray to light yellow, the tail is blue-green. Only the outer feathers are clearly dotted with white.
Habitat
The bird is surprisingly inconspicuous despite its open habitat . Often you can only see it in brisk flight, and it's gone before you can locate it. He sleeps in holes and crevices on embankments . Otherwise he likes to sit on rocks and underbrush.
behavior
The bird prefers to get its food from the orange flowers of the Chuquiragua plant.
Subspecies
So far, three subspecies are known.
- Oreotrochilus chimborazo chimborazo ( Delattre & Bourcier , 1846)
- Oreotrochilus chimborazo jamesonii Jardine , 1849
- Oreotrochilus chimborazo soderstromi Lonnberg & Rendahl , 1922
As the name suggests, the subspecies chimborazo occurs on the Chimborazo volcano and possibly also in the Azuay province . The subspecies soederstroemi can only be found on Quilotoa . The most common form of jamesonii is native to the mountains of the extreme south of Colombia and northern Ecuador. You can see the ssp. among others on the Cotacachi , the Pichincha , the Illinois , the Antisana and the Cotopaxi .
Etymology and history of research
Adolphe Delattre and Jules Bourcier described the Ecuador Andean hummingbird under the name Trochilus Chimborazo . The type specimen came from the collection of Edward Wilson (1808-1888), the brother of Thomas Bellerby Wilson (1807-1865) and was collected at the Chimborazo volcano. Only later was the species assigned to the genus Oreotrochilus . The "Oreotrochilus" is derived from the Greek words "oros ὄρος " for "mountain" and "trochilus τρόχιλος " for "hummingbird". The term "trochilus," which Linnaeus used for a new genus in 1758, is somewhat problematic historically. This term was already used by Aristotle for a bird that visits the mouth of a crocodile without being injured or even eaten by it. Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire suspected that Aristotle used it to describe the crocodile guardian ( Pluvianus aegyptius ). Nevertheless, it has become common among scientists to use this term in connection with hummingbirds. The word "chimborazo" refers to the original collection point, the Chimborazo volcano. The word "jamesonii" is a dedication for William Jameson (1796–1873), a Scottish botanist and zoologist who collected all around Quito and sent William Jardine a box of bellows. The Swedish Consul General in Quito Ludovic Söderström (1843–1927) was honored with »soderstromi« .
literature
- Robert S. Ridgely , Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide. Volume 2, Cornell University Press, 2001, ISBN 978-0801487217 , p. 272.
- Adolphe Delattre, Jules Bourcier: Description de quinze espèce nouvelle de Trochilidèe, faisant partie de collections rapportées par M. Ad. De Lattre dont le précédentes excursions ont déjà enrichi plusieurs branches de L'histoire naturelle, et provenant de L'intérieur de Pérou, de républiques de l'Équateur, de la Nouvelle-Grenade et del'isthme de Panama . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 9 , 1846, pp. 305-312 ( online [accessed March 12, 2014]).
- William Jardine, 7th Baronet of Applegarth: Contributions to Ornithology . Samuel Highley, London 1849 ( online [accessed March 12, 2014]).
- Einar Lönnberg: A contribution to ornithology of Ecuador . In: Arkiv för zoologi . tape 14 , no. 25 , 1912, pp. 1-87 ( online [accessed March 12, 2014]).
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire: Mémoire sur deux espèces d'animaux nommés Trochilus et Bdella par Hérodote, leur guerre, et la part qu'y prend le Crocodile . In: Mémoires du Muséum d'histoire naturelle . tape 15 , 1827, pp. 459-474 ( online [accessed March 13, 2014]).
Web links
- Oreotrochilus chimborazo inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Ecuadorian Hillstar ( Oreotrochilus chimborazo ) . Retrieved March 12, 2014.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Ecuadorian Hillstar (Oreotrochilus chimborazo) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Ecuador Andean Hummingbird ( Oreotrochilus chimborazo ) at Avibase; accessed on March 12, 2014.
- Oreotrochilus chimborazo in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved March 12, 2014.
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Ecuadorian Hillstar ( Oreotrochilus chimborazo )
Individual evidence
- ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
- ↑ a b c Adolphe Delattre u. a., p. 305
- ↑ a b William Jardine, 7th Baronet of Applegarth, p. 67
- ↑ a b Einar Lönnberg u. a., p. 56
- ↑ Oreotrochilus chimborazo soderstromi from the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet Stockholm ( Memento of the original from March 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Adolphe Delattre, p. 308
- ↑ James A. Jobling p. 283
- ↑ Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, p. 466
