Eddeboe

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Eddeboe
Eddeboe sign at the entrance to the castle on Junkerplatz

Eddeboe sign at the entrance to the castle on Junkerplatz

Alternative name (s): Eddebo
Creation time : from around 1200
Castle type : Adelsburg
Conservation status: Burgstall
Place: Flensburg , Westliche Höhe district
Geographical location 54 ° 47 '6.7 "  N , 9 ° 23' 17.8"  E Coordinates: 54 ° 47 '6.7 "  N , 9 ° 23' 17.8"  E
Eddeboe (Schleswig-Holstein)
Eddeboe

Eddeboe (shortened: Eddebo ) is the name of a dialed castle , which in the Western Marienhölzung in Flensburg , on the Junker space has been lying, and a suspected second, which close on the so-called fire place is likely to have, this second castle to be the older should. Because of the same naming, it is not always immediately clear which Eddeboe is meant.

The name Eddeboe can literally be translated as Burg (= boe) of the sex (= Edde). The name therefore means ancestral castle. It served as a noble residence. The castle grounds, which in the past did not belong directly to Flensburg, are now part of the Marienhölzung in the Westliche Höhe district .

The Eddeboe on the fire place

Location and shape

This probably older Eddeboe was evidently almost rectangular in shape, about 45 by 70 meters. There is a trench-like depression on the northeast side as well as on the southeast side of the square. A brook flows in this depression. On the southwest side there is a small wetland area. The small castle was probably surrounded by water on almost all sides, so it was apparently a small water castle . The remainder of the defense system that has been preserved is said to have a similarity to many other moated castle systems, as they occur in the eastern district of Flensburg and which came from the local army nobility or the Holstein knights who later advanced north.

Myths about the five evil lords of the castle

This moated castle seems to be meant in the traditional legends of a particularly wild knight on Eddeboe who, as is believed, lived before the year 1200. The following myths are told and described sometimes shorter and sometimes longer:

It is said that in the old days, years after its founding, Flensburg grew by population and the food supply improved thanks to its capable merchants, craftsmen and boatmen. The trade resulted in some losses, but multiple gains. But outside the city, spread around them, five nobles had their castles. One lived on the Kopperbarg, the second on Hoenborg by the vineyard , which included Tießlund and the Strucksdamm pond, one at Blackmöhle, one on Eddeboe in Marienhölzung and a fifth at Flensbeck near Mordbeck. The nobles were jealous of the wealth of the Flensburgers and gave in to their desire. When the Flensburgers drove their cattle to the pastures outside the city, the knights robbed them. If traveling merchants came to trade with the people of Flensburg, they robbed them, took away their money, their goods and even their clothes. Only very rarely did travelers get away unscathed. But the worst things have been reported about the wild knight of Eddeboe. He robbed the girls, desecrated them and none of them returned to their parents. The people of Flensburg suffered from this yoke for a long time, but the problem should be solved. But there are three kinds of assertions. On the one hand, that the king negotiated with the five noblemen and bought them out of fine silver for 24,000 marks, a sum that the people of Flensburg could not have raised themselves. However, it is also claimed that it was the self-confident Flensburgers who banded together and raided the castles at night, brought back the last stolen cattle, killed the knights and burned the castles down. But there is also a legend about the Knight of Eddeboe, who had done it particularly badly, that his castle and all its inhabitants "sank" on a dark night. Only a young lady who had not been guilty of anything escaped. However it happened, with or without the king's approval, the knights had disappeared one way or another, and the city owed the king in one way or another. So the city had to hand over the watermill at the tip of the harbor to the king and had to pay him an annual sum. However, the land of the nobles had received the city, which is why Flensburg then had a very large, undeveloped city field. Whereby it is also handed down that the young lady who survived gave away the forest to the church.

Wasserburgrest, a light wall with a moat near the fire site

About Eddeboe, however, it was still passed down that at the point where it stood a lake, the Jungfernsee, had taken its place. In this one can still see the spiers of the castle at noon when the sun is shining and several times one could also hear bells from the water. But at midnight it is said that the maidens, who were once kidnapped and dishonored by the evil knight, dance around the lake in long white robes. They sing sad melodies in a low, plaintive voice.

Background of say matter

It is assumed that the legends of the fight between the Flensburg citizens and the five nobles go back to old oral traditions with real historical backgrounds and were only recorded later. Some of the locations of the castles mentioned can still be identified today and, in the case of Eddeboe, are still clearly recognizable. The Kopperbarg, evidently a mountain, was believed to be in the southern St. Johannisfeld near Kleintastrup . The Hoenborg was probably located in St. Nikolaifeld, near the vineyard mentioned, the position of which can still be determined today. It was located in the Weiche district in the Schäferhaus foundation land . The mentioned associated lands of Tießlund and the Strucksdamm can also still be determined; a street was named after each of them. Tießlund is said to have been located near the Friedenshügel , even if the street Tiesholz, a variant of the name Tießlund, is a little further away from there, namely in the district of Südstadt (Rude). The name Tieslund, like Tießholz, means forest of the Ties . The struck dam was also a fish pond. "Dam" also means "dammed pond". The location of Blackmöhle, Möhle stands for mill, is unknown. It is believed that the mill was a water mill, which was the oldest mill in town. As described, the Eddeboe was in St. Marienfeld. In the 20th century, the Brandplatz, with its location near Junkerplatz, was identified by Jakob Röschmann . He also noted that with it two castles bore the name Eddeboe. The fifth castle in Flensbeck near Mordbeck was probably in the Ramsharder Feld , although the exact location is not known. However, it is suspected to be at the Bau'er Landstrasse near the Lachsbach (formerly called Moorbeck or Moorbach).

With regard to the more than fairytale Jungfernsee, it should be mentioned that countless small streams flow through the Marienhölzung. In addition to the wetland already mentioned, there are other wetlands, the swan pond and the wolf moor, a relatively marshy lake, in the Marienhölzung. The idyllic swan pond is apparently linked with the Jungfernsee.

So there was at least one castle in each of the four city spaces, so that the castles were actually distributed around the city. In fact, there must have been a contradiction between the citizens of Flensburg and the farmers outside the city, namely when the flourishing trading city, like other cities, strived to have the right to trade all by itself and thus curtailed the farmers in their actions the city must have met resistance. Rich peasants who were able to raise the money for the armament were given aristocratic status due to the Danish army constitution, as they were able to take part in military campaigns. The noblemen and their clan are therefore likely to have been five wealthy farmers and trading families. The saga complex could reflect this conflict. The conflict could therefore have been carried out in early medieval times.

The story is published again and again and is not forgotten, although the historical background to Eddeboe is often not clear. A particularly heavily revised version by Reinhard Thomas appeared under the title: The Jungfernsee in MoinMoin from February 1979.

  • Approximate position of the vineyard where the Hoenborg is said to have been

  • The street Strucksdamm

  • The street name Tiesholz means just like Tieslund: Forest of Ties .

  • The salmon stream at Bau'er Landstrasse, where the castle of Flensbeck near Mordbeck is believed to be nearby

  • The wetland between Brandplatz and Junkerplatz

  • The swan pond in winter

The Eddeboe on Junkerplatz

Junkerplatz is to the west and Brandplatz is to the east, with a wetland in between.

Location and shape

The younger Eddeboe is about 100 meters west of the older one. It was also rectangular in shape, but larger than its predecessor. It took up an area of ​​about 130 by 150 meters and is still clearly recognizable today by its ramparts and moats. Junkerplatz is enclosed by the remains of a wall, some of which are still up to 2 meters high and 4 meters wide. The remnants of the surrounding ditch in front of the wall rest are 6 to 10 meters wide and 2 meters deep, so that a total of 4 meters down from the wall to the side of the wall.

Possibly the Eddeboe on Junkerplatz was a tower hill castle , but an associated tower hill can no longer be identified in the current terrain.

History of the Junkerplatz

Wall of Eddeboe on Junkerplatz

The Eddeboe belonged to the noble Jul (Juel) family in the 14th century. At the same time, it apparently owned the surrounding Marienholzung, where it also had arable land. The Juls family also owned the Flenstoft farm , where the Duburg was later built. The noble family of Juls provided Flensburg mayors several times around 1400. Later the descendants of the Jul family donated Marienhölzung to the church.

How long the Eddeboe was used and functional is unknown. However, it is known that Junkerplatz was plowed up in 1603 to remove stones and remnants of the wall. It is also unclear whether and if what use the younger Eddeboe could have had for the fortifications of Flensburg .

Maintenance of the complex

The Eddeboe complex is one of the archaeological cultural monuments of the city of Flensburg. It is maintained by the Technical Operations Center (TBZ). An information board with the history of Eddeboe, which explains both the fire place and the Junker place with the help of a north-facing map, is located on the south side of the forest path, which means that visitors look up from the board to the south and there by mistake the north direction suspect and misinterpret the map. The rest of the signage is also a bit confusing. The signposted Ritterrunde leads across Junkerplatz, but not across Brandplatz. Is located with views to the north, one in the southeast corner of the square Junker high position from which a part of the square can be surveyed.

  • The information board for Eddeboe

  • The Eddeboe on the fire place ignores the signs to the Ritterrunde and the Wolfsmoor.

  • The high seat at Eddeboe on Junkerplatz

literature

  • Jakob Röschmann : Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963
  • Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972
  • Flensburg - history of a border town. Edited by the Society for Flensburg City History. Flensburg 1966.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Duden editors: Duden, The dictionary of origin. Etymology of the German language. 5th edition. Volume 7, Bibliographisches Institut (Dudenverlag), Berlin 2013; Article: nobility
  2. ↑ a b c d Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 283
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Jakob Röschmann : Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, page 93
  4. ↑ a b c Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Flensburg 2009, article: Eddeboe
  5. ↑ a b c Marsch und Förde, Marienhölung ; Retrieved on: April 13, 2014
  6. ↑ a b TBZ, free time in the Marienhölzung ; Retrieved April 14, 2014
  7. ↑ In the Flexikon the assumption “around 1130” is implicit. See Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Flensburg 2009, article: Mühle
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 281
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g Gundula Hubrich-Messow: Legends and fairy tales from Flensburg , Husum 1992, page 39
  10. ↑ a b Georg Claeden: Monumenta Flensburgensia , Flensburg 1766, page 233
  11. ↑ City history - Flensburg across the centuries, castles in Flensburg ; Retrieved on: April 10, 2014
  12. ↑ a b Otto Beyer: Dissertatio Historica De Originibus Et Incrementis Inclutae Civitatis Flensburgi ad praesentem usque Statum . Jena 1684, page 25
  13. ↑ a b c d Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 282
  14. ^ A b c d Karl Müllenhoff : Legends, fairy tales and songs of the duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg , Kiel 1845, page 341 and: Gundula Hubrich-Messow: Legends and fairy tales from Flensburg. , Husum 1992, page 25
  15. ↑ George Claeden: Monumenta Flensburgensia , Flensburg 1766, page 235
  16. ↑ Cf. Georg Claeden: Monumenta Flensburgensia , Flensburg 1766, page 235
  17. ↑ See Jakob Röschmann : Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, page 93
  18. ↑ Cf. Georg Claeden: Monumenta Flensburgensia , Flensburg 1766, page 234
  19. ↑ RadRundUm, Von Rittern & Kaufleuten , page 13; Retrieved on: April 14, 2014
  20. ↑ Cf. Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 465, reference to II B 13
  21. ↑ See Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburg City History, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Tegelbarg
  22. ↑ Jürgensen map of Flensburg and the surrounding area 1779 and Jakob Röschmann : Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, page 89
  23. ↑ Jürgensen map of Flensburg and the surrounding area 1779 and Jakob Röschmann : Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, page 89
  24. ^ Paul Phillipsen: Burgen in Flensburg in: Slesvigland Heft 4, p. 122
  25. ↑ See Lutz Wilde : Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 2, Flensburg, page 73
  26. ↑ See Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburger Stadtgeschichte, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Thiesholz (probably not quite correctly spelled; the article should actually be called Tiesholz according to the street name) as well as Lundweg and Henningholz; See also: Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Article: paper mill (there is also something about Henninglund)
  27. ↑ See Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburg City History, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Strucksdamm
  28. ↑ See Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburg City History, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Am Dammhof
  29. ↑ Cf. Gundula Hubrich-Messow: Sagen und Märchen aus Flensburg , Husum 1992, page 39
  30. ↑ See Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Flensburg 2009, article: Mühle
  31. ↑ Beck should mean Bach here in each case , cf. Water body names on -bach .
  32. ↑ Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburg City History, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Am Lachsbach
  33. ↑ In the 18th century an inn was set up in the forest for the first time . The swan pond was probably created sometime during this period and used for fish farming purposes. See garden monument maintenance in Schleswig-Holstein, Marienhölzung ; Retrieved on: April 14, 2014
  34. ↑ Cf. Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 283
  35. ↑ See Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Flensburg 2009, article: Schwanenteich
  36. ^ A b Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 282
  37. ↑ Cf. Broder Schwensen in: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Flensburg 2009, article: Eddeboe
  38. ↑ Cf. Broder Schwensen : Flensburg - emerged from a few mud huts , in: Flensburger Tageblatt , February 13, 2009; Retrieved on: April 24, 2014
  39. ↑ See, for example, Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Flensburg 2009, article: Schwanenteich
  40. ↑ See Dirk Meier : Schleswig-Holstein in the high and late Middle Ages. Landscape - archeology - history . Boyens Buchverlag, Heide 2012, page 67
  41. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 23
  42. ↑ Marsch und Förde, Marienhölzung ; Retrieved on: September 22, 2014
  43. ↑ List of immovable archaeological cultural monuments of the Archaeological State Office Schleswig-Holstein (PDF 32MB), p. 329 f.
  44. ↑ The fire place is not adequately signposted. The location of the brand plate cannot be found on the website of the Technical Operations Center (TBZ) either, despite the information board. See TBZ, Freizeit in der Marienhölzung ; Retrieved April 14, 2014

Web links

Commons : Eddeboe  - collection of images