Noble yarrow

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Noble yarrow
Noble yarrow (Achillea nobilis)

Noble yarrow ( Achillea nobilis )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Anthemideae
Genre : Yarrow ( Achillea )
Type : Noble yarrow
Scientific name
Achillea nobilis
L.

The noble yarrow ( Achillea nobilis ) is a plant from the genus of yarrow ( Achillea ) within the family of Compositae (Asteraceae). It is common in Eurasia .

description

The noble yarrow grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 20 to 60 centimeters. It does not form runners , has an aromatic smell and the above-ground parts of the plant are hairy from woolly to tomentose. The stem leaves are broadly elliptical to ovate and at most two to three times as long as they are wide. The leaf spindle is serrated and has smaller intermediate lobes. The leaf sections of the upper stem leaves are two to three (one to four times) pinnate, with 2 to 25 teeth per side.

Noble yarrow ( Achillea nobilis )

The umbelliferous total inflorescence contains numerous cup-shaped partial inflorescences . The bracts are hairy and dull. The flower heads contain only four to six ray florets . The tongue of the corolla is significantly shorter than the shell.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

Occurrence

The noble yarrow is common in Central and Southern Europe. It also occurs from Southeast Europe to Asia (Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan, Altai, Siberia). In Northern Europe it is only synanthropic .

The noble yarrow needs calcareous, loose loam soil , but also goes on loess. It inhabits dry and semi-arid grasslands, rarely rock bands or embankments. From the Upper Rhine to the mouth of the Moselle, on the middle Main and in the south-eastern Franconian Jura as well as in the southern Swiss Jura, in Lower Austria, Burgenland and at the southern foot of the Alps, it rarely occurs; It occurs sporadically in the Hessian, Thuringian, Brandenburg and Saxon loess or limestone regions.

In terms of plant sociology, it is a weak species of the Seslerio-Festucion pallentis association. They are also often found in the company of the Poo-Anthemetum tinctoriae from the Agropyrion association, together with the companion species Poa compressa , Anthemis tinctoria or Melica ciliata . In the Schlüchttal in the southern Black Forest, it is also found in the Silene rupestris - Festuca pallens society.

ingredients

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The species contains an essential oil . The pressed juice can cause inflammation on the skin in the light.

Systematics

There are several subspecies:

  • Achillea nobilis L. subsp. nobilis : It occurs in Central Europe, in Southern Europe and in the Middle East.
  • Achillea nobilis subsp. densissima (Bässler) Hub.-Mor. : It occurs in Turkey.
  • Achillea nobilis subsp. kurdica Hub.-Mor. : It occurs in Turkey.
  • Achillea nobilis subsp. neilreichii (A.Kern.) Velen. (Syn .: Achillea neilreichii A. Kern. ): It has ray-florets that are yellowish on top. It occurs from Italy and southeast Europe to the Middle East and is a rare adventitious plant in Germany.
  • Achillea nobilis subsp. sipylea (O. Schwarz) Bässler (Syn .: Achillea sipylea O. Schwarz): It occurs in Turkey.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). 2nd corrected and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 6 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Asteridae): Valerianaceae to Asteraceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1996, ISBN 3-8001-3343-1 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 4 : Nightshade plants to daisy plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  934-935 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (ed.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Achillea nobilis In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Noble yarrow ( Achillea nobilis )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files