Eduard Kohlrausch

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Eduard Kohlrausch (born February 4, 1874 in Darmstadt , † January 22, 1948 in Berlin ) was a German teacher of criminal law .

Life

Eduard Kohlrausch's father was the physicist Friedrich Wilhelm Kohlrausch , his grandfather the physicist Rudolf Kohlrausch and his great-grandfather the general school director Heinrich Friedrich Theodor Kohlrausch . During his studies he became a member of the Academic-Musical Association Alt-Straßburg Freiburg (in the Association of Special Houses ). After studying at the University of Strasbourg , Eduard Kohlrausch completed his habilitation in 1902 at the University of Heidelberg , where he worked as a private lecturer from 1903 . In 1904 he became a professor of law at the University of Königsberg . From 1905 he was co-editor of the journal for the entire criminal law science and from 1913 held a full professorship at the University of Strasbourg until its closure after the First World War .

After a call to the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin, he succeeded Franz von Liszt's chair in Berlin in 1919 . His students included the Berlin law student and future legal scholar Arthur Wegner , whom Kohlrausch later defended in political criminal proceedings before a special court in the Third Reich . In 1931 he became chairman of the German national group of the International Criminal Investigation Association (IKV), from 1933 to 1936 he was a member of the Criminal Law Commission of the Reich Ministry of Justice and from 1936 to 1939 a member of the corresponding Great Criminal Procedure Commission.

Kohlrausch was elected rector of the university in 1932. In April there was a conflict with students of the National Socialist Student Union (NSDStB) when they forced the hanging of a poster with the title "Against the un-German spirit" in the vestibule of the university. Kohlrausch protested, like Eduard Spranger , because of some anti-Jewish formulations, which he called “exaggerations”, which were only “suitable to discredit the fight against the un-German spirit”, as well as because of the apparently lacking discipline of these students, and refused permission for hanging the poster. Later he wrote to the Vice Rector that he was not against the hanging up in principle, since he had objected to the poster “not in its aim, but only in its method of struggle.” Kohlrausch resigned from the post of Rector of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin in 1933 back.

This Goethe Medal was awarded to Eduard Kohlrausch on February 2, 1944
Goethe Medal awarded to Kohlrausch

Eduard Kohlrausch is mentioned with an entry in the Deutscher Führerlexikon from 1934/35. Kohlrausch belonged to the Association of National Socialist German Lawyers by 1934 at the latest . In 1933 he was one of the founding members of the National Socialist Academy for German Law by Hans Franks . On February 4, 1944, Adolf Hitler awarded him the Goethe Medal for Art and Science .

After 1945 Kohlrausch continued his academic work in Berlin and was appointed acting dean of the law faculty when the Berlin University opened in 1946. He also held the chair for criminal law. In 1946 he became a member of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin . Due to his role in National Socialism, a committee of inquiry was set up at the Humboldt University in February 1947, which dealt primarily with his publications on the Nuremberg Laws . Kohlrausch died before his role in National Socialism was finally cleared up. Shortly before his death, he turned down an offer at the University of Frankfurt am Main .

Kohlrausch's grave in the Nikolassee cemetery

Kohlrausch is known for his short commentary on the penal code, which his student Richard Lange (1906-1995) later contributed to.

Eduard Kohlrausch's grave is in the Nikolassee cemetery in Berlin.

Publications

  • Error and concept of guilt in criminal law. Guttentag, Berlin 1903. (Reprint: Keip, Goldbach 2002, ISBN 3-8051-0578-9 )
  • with Paul Felix Aschrott (ed.): Reform of criminal law: Critical discussion of the official draft of a German Criminal Code. De Gruyter, Berlin / Leipzig 1926. (Reprint: Keip, Goldbach 1997, ISBN 3-8051-0561-4 )
  • Reinhard Frank on his 70th birthday. In: Researches and Advances. Vol. 6 (1930), Ed. 22/23, pp. 300 f.
  • The intellectual-historical crisis of criminal law. Speech given on October 15, 1932, on the assumption of rector's office at Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin Berlin 1932.
  • with Richard Lange : Criminal Code: With subsidiary laws and explanations. explained by Eduard Kohlrausch. De Gruyter, Berlin 1941.
  • (Ed.): Military Criminal Code [in the new version of October 10, 1940] and the Special War Criminal Law Ordinance [Ordinance on Special Criminal Law in War and Special Operations of August 17, 1938] in the version of October 10, 1940. Text edition explaining the context with the previous law. De Gruyter, Berlin 1941.
  • with Richard Lange: Criminal Code with explanations and subsidiary laws. 39./40. Edition. De Gruyter, Berlin 1950.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Association of Alter SVer (VASV): Address book. Membership directory of all old men. As of October 1, 1937. Hanover 1937, p. 64.
  2. ^ Steveling, Lieselotte: Lawyers in Münster . P. 619 and 622, Münster 1999; ISBN 3-8258-4084-0
  3. ↑ Uwe Henning, Achim Leschinsky (ed.): Disappointment and contradiction. Eduard Spranger's Conservative Position in National Socialism. Deutscher Studien Verlag, Weinheim 1991, ISBN 3-89271-247-6 , pp. 49-50.
  4. ↑ Christoph Jahr: The National Socialist Takeover and Its Consequences. In: Heinz-Elmar Tenorth (Hrsg.): History of the University under the Linden 1810-2010. Volume 2. The Berlin University between the World Wars 1918-1945. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-05-004667-9 .
  5. ^ Yearbook of the Academy for German Law, 1st year 1933/34. Edited by Hans Frank. (Munich, Berlin, Leipzig: Schweitzer Verlag), p. 255
  6. ^ Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. 2nd, updated edition. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, p. 328.
personal data
SURNAME Kohlrausch, Eduard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Darmstadt
DATE OF DEATH January 22, 1948
Place of death Berlin