Eduard Zacharias

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Eduard Zacharias as Heidelberg Rhenane (1873)

Joseph Eduard Julius Zacharias (born May 16, 1852 in Berlin , † March 23, 1911 in Hamburg ) was a German botanist. Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " E.Zacharias ".

Life

Eduard Zacharias was the son of the Hamburg businessman Adolf Nikolaus Zacharias and his wife Marie Anna Zacharias (née Langhans). He had a sister named Marie Anne who was two years his junior and his brother Adolf Nicolaus Zacharias who was six years his junior . He attended the learned school of the Johanneum and the academic high school in Hamburg. After graduating from high school, he studied at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg and the Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen . He became active in the Corps Rhenania Heidelberg (1872) and the Corps Suevia Tübingen (1873). As an inactive , he switched to the Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität Strasbourg , which made him Dr. phil. PhD . In Strasbourg he became an associate professor . The German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina elected him in 1885 as a scientific member.

From 1894 he was director of the Hamburg Botanical Garden , from 1897 its director and from 1904 director of all botanical state institutes in Hamburg. In 1897 he organized the Hamburg Horticultural Exhibition and played a key role in the construction of the new institute building and the Botanical Museum.

Zacharias was scientifically active mainly in the field of cell theory . One of the main focuses of his research was the processes in the cell nucleus. He observed, for example, the division of the nucleus in the yellow daylily ( Hemerocallis flava or H. lilioasphodelus ): "When the nucleus passes from the state of rest to that of the spindle, the nucleus remains as an independent body that is clearly delimited from the surrounding protoplasm of the cell. However, one has the impression that in the resting state the nucleus is surrounded by a membrane , which later appears to be lost during the transition to the spindle stage. " He called the content of the cell nucleus " nucleus " like Friedrich Miescher , who introduced this technical term in Tübingen. Today the word chromatin is used for this term , which Walther Flemming coined in Kiel. Richard Altmann in Leipzig was the first to isolate nucleic acids from the “ nucleic ” in addition to proteins .

Eduard Zacharias gave lectures on, among other things, native plant families, the anatomy of plants and the raw materials of the plant kingdom. In addition, he was active as chairman of the "Horticultural Association for Hamburg, Altona and the Surrounding Area", was a member of the board of the Central Association for Fruit and Horticulture (which was founded on his initiative), first chairman of the Association for Applied Botany, member of the professors' council of Colonial Institute, member of the professors' council of the section for scientific studies and member of the advisory authority for customs.

Honors

Incomplete list

  • Honorary member of the Corps Suevia Tübingen

Fonts

  • About the chemical nature of the cell nucleus. In: Botanische Zeitung 39, 1881: 169-176. Digitized.
  • About the spermatozoids. In: Botanische Zeitung. Vol. 39, 1881, ZDB -ID 391484-7 , Sp. 827-837, 846-852. Digitized.
  • About the nucleus. In: Botanische Zeitung Jg. 40, 1882, Sp. 611-616, 627-649, 651-663. Digitized.
  • About nucleus and cell division. In: Botanische Zeitung 46, 1888: 33-40, 51-62. Digitized.
  • About Strasburger's paper "Nuclear and cell healing in the plant kingdom", Jena 1888. In: Botanische Zeitung 46, 1888: 437-450, 453-460. Digitized.
  • About the origin and growth of the cell membrane. In: Yearbooks of Scientific Botany. Vol. 20, No. 2, 1889, ISSN  0368-136X , pp. 107-132.
  • On the relationship between cell growth and the nature of the nucleus. In: Ber Dt Bot Ges 12, 1894: 103-108.
  • About the behavior of the cell nucleus in growing cells. In: Flora or general botanical newspaper. Volume 81 = supplementary volume. for the year 1895, 1895, ISSN  0367-1615 , pp. 217-266, digitized.
  • About the detection and occurrence of nuclein. In: Ber Dt Bot Ges 16, 1898: 185-198.
  • About sex cells and fertilization. In: Negotiations of the Natural Science Association in Hamburg. Episode 3, Vol. 8, 1900 (1901), ISSN  0173-749X , pp. 1-4, digitized .

literature

  • Hamburg Correspondent , June 13, 1898, evening edition
  • Neue Hamburger Zeitung, March 24, 1911
  • Hamburg Correspondent, March 24, 1911
  • E. Warberg: Professor Dr. Eduard Zacharias , in: Hamburg Correspondent, April 10, 1911
  • The matriculation of the Academic Gymnasium in Hamburg 1613-1883 (Hamburg 1891, ND Nendeln / Lie. 1980), No. 3697

Other sources

  • StA Hamburg ZSA A 776
  • StA Hamburg, higher education II.504 / lecturer and personnel files Zacharias.
  • Carl Brick: Eduard Zacharias (obituary with portrait). In: Ber Dt Bot Ges 29, 1911: (26) - (48).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Brita Reimers: Zacharias, Marie . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 1 . Christians, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-7672-1364-8 , pp. 356 .
  2. ↑ a b Kösener Corpslisten 1930, 70 , 233; 130 , 258
  3. ↑ Dissertation: About the anatomy of the tribe of the genus Nepenthes .
  4. ↑ (Personnel: Appointment from Strasbourg to Hamburg.) In: Botanische Zeitung 52/1, 1894: page 28.
  5. ↑ Eduard Zacharias: About nucleus and cell division. In column 34: Botanische Zeitung 46, 1888: 33-40, 51-62.
  6. ↑ Walther Flemming: Contributions to the knowledge of the cell and its life phenomena. In: Arch Mikr Anat 16, 1879: 302-436.
  7. ^ Richard Altmann: Ueber nucleic acids. In: Arch Anatomie und Physiologie, Physiol Abt 1889: 524-536. Digitized.
personal data
SURNAME Zacharias, Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zacharias, Joseph Eduard Julius (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German botanist
DATE OF BIRTH May 16, 1852
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH March 23, 1911
Place of death Hamburg