Eichendorffstrasse
One Eichendorffstrasse is located in the Neuehrenfeld district of Cologne in the Ehrenfeld district .
The residential street laid out during the Wilhelminian era is part of the first continuous development in Neuehrenfeld. Due to the generous and splendid design of the street space and facades, it is still considered one of the most beautiful streets in the district. A high density of architectural monuments testifies to the historical importance of many houses. The street is named after the poet and prose author Joseph von Eichendorff (1788-1857).
Location and course
The 460 meter long Eichendorffstrasse branches off from Ottostrasse opposite the St. Anna Church and runs in a straight line to Lenauplatz , forming an extension of the nave of St. Anna in a north-westerly direction. Lenauplatz is the vertex of a right angle between Eichendorffstrasse and Hauffstrasse, which branches off to the southwest. The two streets connect two of the three Catholic churches in Neuehrenfeld, St. Peter and St. Anna , as axial angular rays . Eichendorffstraße crosses the Ehrenfeldgürtel about halfway along the street . The intersection with Siemensstrasse is located between Ehrenfeldgürtel and Lenauplatz, where motorized traffic is forced to turn left as a measure of traffic calming . Just before Lenauplatz, Chamissostraße branches off to the right. The entire course of the street is subject to a one-way street regulation .
history
Development at the beginning of the 20th century
After the first phase of settlement in the new suburb of Ehrenfeld , around 1860, property owners and builders began to plan and build entire streets for citizens with homogeneous income levels and demands on the quality of living. With the development of the new Neuehrenfeld district at the turn of the century, this practice was expanded to include entire residential areas. The area known as "Subbelrath" between Subbelrather and Nussbaumer Straße belonged partly to the landowners Alois Anton Schlösser (* 1845, † 1908) and Franz Zilkens (* 1847, † 1915). Schlösser turned his plots to petty bourgeois customers such as craftsmen, small merchants and skilled workers, while Zilkens sold his properties, including large parts of Eichendorffstrasse and the area around St. Anna's Church, to wealthy clients. The vernacular called the resulting streets “Ink Veedel” or “Ink Blot Quarter” because their residents usually earned their money at their desks.
With the construction of the houses, which began in 1901, various Ehrenfeld architects and architects from Cologne were deliberately commissioned in order to achieve a diverse structure with individual buildings despite the repetitive elements of Art Nouveau . In addition to the private developers, the non-profit housing association Ehrenfeld also built the three residential buildings at Eichendorffstrasse 42, 44 and 46 directly on Lenauplatz in 1905. Its architect Rudolf Brovot also designed private building projects in Eichendorffstrasse, so that he could build these cooperative buildings despite the limited financial strength of the organization an adaptation to the appearance of the building designed for individual builders succeeded.
Jewish fates during National Socialism
Up to 1941, eleven Jews lived at Eichendorffstrasse 43, who were deported to Łódź and Riga in 1941 as part of the Nazi persecution, which killed around 11,000 Jews in Cologne . The fate of the abducted people is largely uncertain; most of them have been pronounced dead. Today stumbling blocks by the artist Gunter Demnig in front of the house remind of the victims.
Post-war and present
The bombings of World War II left relatively little irreparable damage to the building fabric in Eichendorffstrasse. In the last few decades, many of the old buildings have been renovated, with the stucco facades in particular being painstakingly prepared. However, on May 14, 2002, the cooperative building number 44 was completely destroyed in a gas explosion caused by the suicide of a resident . Despite the devastating effect of the explosion, all other residents of the house were either rescued or were absent at the time of the accident. The house was then demolished and replaced by a new building.
Street scene
In the short stretch between Lenauplatz and Chamissostraße, the development extends to the public street space. In the longer part of the street, between Chamissostraße and Ottostraße, the plots are so large that each house has both a front garden and a green backyard. The road there is lined with trees of gods ; In connection with the front gardens, this creates the impression of a spacious avenue .
Development
The three-story tenement houses on Eichendorffstrasse, which can be accessed by one or two horses, stand out with their rich facade decorations. Art Nouveau design and decorative elements such as glare gables, different fronts and superstructures, risalits , diverse surface materials, reliefs and ornaments were used by the various builders and architects, including Gottfried Riphahn, father of Wilhelm Riphahn , for the representative design of the houses. Although every house has an individual appearance, the street has a harmonious, uniform character because house types and widths and heights were chosen to be almost identical. On the inner courtyard side, the house facades are made of dark brick . Yellow brick ornaments in horizontal lines and in door and window arches adorn these rear facades. Most of the old houses in Eichendorffstrasse are considered architectural monuments; in 2000 there were 27 buildings.
gastronomy
Among the restaurants located in Eichendorffstrasse, Café Franck , which has existed since 1938, is worth mentioning: Master pastry chef Heinz Franck and his wife Susanne took over the café in Eichendorffstrasse from Hans Büttgen and they called it Café Franck . In 1985 Heinz Franck died and Susanne Franck continued to run the café. The couple ran it for a total of 64 years until Mrs. Franck had to close it in 2002 at the age of 91. The café was known far beyond Neuehrenfeld for its cake. In the meantime it has been reopened under the same name by other owners who run the café with outdoor catering during the day and a lounge bar in the evening .
literature
- Johannes Maubach: Across Ehrenfeld, Ehrenfeld History Path (Part 2) . Self-published, Cologne 2002.
- Henriette Meynen: residential buildings in Cologne-Ehrenfeld; Aspects of the development and shape of a suburb . In: Landeskonservator Rheinland (Hrsg.): Workbook of the Landeskonservator Rheinland . tape 23 . Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1977, ISBN 3-7927-0325-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johannes Maubach: Quer durch Ehrenfeld, Ehrenfelder Geschichtspfad (Part 2) , p. 23
- ^ Henriette Meynen: residential buildings in Cologne-Ehrenfeld; Aspects of the development and shape of a suburb , p. 7
- ↑ Maubach, p. 28
- ↑ Meynen, p. 8
- ↑ Kirsten Serup-Bilfeld, Between Cathedral and Star of David. Jewish life in Cologne from the beginning until today. Cologne 2001, page 193
- ↑ Turned the gas tap on yourself . In: Kölner Stadtanzeiger , May 18, 2002
- ↑ Meynen, pp. 38-45
- ↑ Maubach, p. 27
- ↑ Maubach, p. 24
Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 22 " N , 6 ° 55 ′ 22" E