Ekrem Bey Vlora

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Ekrem Bey Vlorra 1941

Ekrem Bey Vlora (without Bey title: Ekrem Vlora (German spelling), Albanian spellings: Eqrem and Eqerem Bey Vlora ; * December 1, 1885 in Vlora , Ottoman Empire ; † March 29, 1964 in Vienna ) was an Albanian nobleman , politician and author .

Life

Former residence of the Vlora family in the city center of Vlora: Villa that Ekrem Bey Vlora acquired in 1920 to replace the Konak .

Ekrem Bey Vlora was born as the son of Syrja Bey Vlora and Hihri Hanëm Toptani into the wealthy feudal extended family of the Vlora . The Vloras were large landowners and owned a lot of land in and around the Adriatic port city of Vlora, which at that time belonged to the Vilâyet Ioannina of the Ottoman Empire . The residence of the noble family and the house where Ekrem Bey Vlora was born still stands on the main street, Bulevardi Ismail Qemali, right next to the Muradie Mosque . Ismail Qemali , the first Prime Minister of Albania, was a cousin of his father and therefore also of the Vlora family.

Ekrem Bey Vlora was tutored by private tutors in the family's Konak in Vlora before he went to the Theresianum in Vienna at the age of 14 . At the age of 18 he successfully graduated from high school and studied law and religion in Istanbul in 1904 . After working for a period in the Ottoman administration, completing a three-month tour of duty at the Ottoman Embassy in Saint Petersburg and traveling around Albania, Europe and the Orient , he joined the independence movement of Ismail Qemali.

He had a very close relationship with the noble Munich-based Marie Amelie von Godin , and certain sources even speak of love. A marriage between the Muslim and the Catholic was out of the question.

Ekrem Bey Vlora writes in his memoirs that when Albania declared independence on November 28, 1912, a flag hanging in his bedchamber was hoisted because no one else in Vlora had an Albanian flag. He himself wasn't in town that day.

In 1912 he was elected deputy president of the 18-member Albanian Senate in Vlorë. He was also part of the delegation that offered Wilhelm zu Wied the Albanian crown in Neuwied in February 1914 . During this time he also worked regularly as an interpreter for Wilhelm zu Wied. During his brief tenure in 1914, Ekrem Bey Vlora headed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as Deputy Secretary General , which was subordinate to Prime Minister Turhan Pascha Përmeti . During the First World War he was imprisoned in Italy ; after the war, however, he became a promoter of Albanian-Italian relations. In 1924 Vlora was elected to the Albanian parliament as a member of a conservative party . A year later he was a senator for a brief period . His relations with the president - and later king - Ahmet Zogu were meager, although he accompanied him on many trips abroad. In 1928 he was appointed ambassador to Paris and London .

New grave in Kanina near Vlora

Vlora welcomed the Italian occupation of Albania in April 1939 and had close ties with the Italian fascists . In 1942, Mustafa Kruja appointed him Minister for Kosova , which was part of Albania during World War II . His anti-Slav policy there met fierce opposition from the Serbs and Montenegrins . In the summer of 1944 he became foreign minister and minister of justice before he had to go into exile in Italy because of the communist seizure of power . He died in Vienna and was buried in Neustift am Walde until March 30, 2014 , before his body was exhumed and reburied in Kanina near Vlora.

Work (selection)

Ekrem Bey Vlora was also active as a writer throughout his life. Above all his monograph From Berat und vom Tomor: Tagebuchblätter (Sarajevo 1911) and especially his two-volume memoirs in German ( Lebenserinnerungen . Munich 1968, 1973) became widely known. The 1200-page typewriter manuscript Contributions to the History of Turkish Rule in Albania remained almost completely unpublished : a historical sketch .

  • From Berat and Tomor: diary sheets . In: To the customer of the Balkan Peninsula . Issue 13. DA Kajon, Sarajevo 1911.
  • Life memories . In: Southeast European Works . Volume I (1885 to 1912), No. 66 . R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1968 (published in Tirana in 2001 as Kujtime I ).
  • Life memories . In: Southeast European Works . Volume II (1912 to 1925), No. 67 . R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1973, ISBN 3-486-47571-1 ( limited preview in the Google book search - published in 2001 in Tirana as Kujtime II ).

literature

  • Ernest Koliqi: Ekrem Vlora . In: Shejzat ("The Pleiades") . Rome ( online [accessed July 15, 2018] Ernest Koliqi, a writer and dramaturge from Shkodra , knew Vlora personally and wrote a commentary on Ekrem Bey Vlora in the Albanian-language periodical 'Shejzat' in Rome ).
  • Hasan Kaleshi: Vlora, Eqrem Bey . In: Biographical Lexicon on the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 4. Munich 1981, pp. 425-428

Remarks

  1. ↑ The Historical Dictionary of Albania names Rome as the place of death, while Ekrem bey Vlora: Contributions to the history of Turkish rule in Albania: a historical sketch speaks of Vienna as the place of death; On his tombstone, contrary to the literature, March 30th is given as the date of death; Image of the tombstone ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in Neustift am Walde . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.albanianhistory.net

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Robert Elsie : Historical Dictionary of Albania . In: Historical Dictionaries of Europe . 2nd Edition. No. 75 . Rowman & Littlefield , Lanham / Toronto / Plymouth 2010, ISBN 978-0-8108-6188-6 , pp. 474 ( online [accessed January 21, 2016]).
  2. ^ Robert Elsie: Ekrem bey Vlora. Contributions to the history of Turkish rule in Albania: a historical sketch . 1956 ( online at albanianhistory.net [accessed April 8, 2019]).
  3. ↑ Memoirs . Volume I (1885 to 1912), pp. 15, 29, 45 .
  4. ^ Peter Bartl: Encounters with Albanian history . In: Oliver Jens Schmitt, Eva Anne Frantz (Hrsg.): Albanian History - Status and Perspectives of Research . Southeast European works 140. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-486-58980-1 , p. 253-260 .
  5. ↑ Jessica Hamann-Anetzberger: Maria Amelie von Godins Our Brother Cain (1919) . Fratricide and class struggle during the Munich Soviet Republic. In: Ulrich Kittstein, Regine Zeller (ed.): Peace, freedom, bread! Novels about the German November Revolution. Amsterdam contributions to recent German studies . tape 71 . Rodopi, Amsterdam / New York 2009, ISBN 978-90-420-2710-7 , pp. 59-76 .
  6. ↑ Memoirs . Volume II (1912 to 1925), pp. 9 .
  7. ^ Michael Schmidt-Neke : Development and expansion of the royal dictatorship in Albania (1912-1939) . In: Southeast European Works . tape 87 . Oldenbourg, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-486-54321-0 , p. 320 f . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  8. ↑ Owen Pearson: Albania and King Zog: Independence, Republic And Monarchy 1908-1939 . In: Albania in the Twentieth Century, a History . tape I . IBTauris, London 2004, ISBN 1-84511-013-7 , pp. 287 .
  9. ↑ Tema : Eqerem Bey Vlora rivarroset në atdhe. March 30, 2014, archived from the original on November 27, 2016 ; Retrieved January 21, 2016 (Albanian, “Ekrem Bey Vlora will be reburied in the fatherland” ).
  10. ↑ Ekrem Bey Vlora: 1956 - Ekrem Bey Vlora: The Ruling Families of Albania in the pre-Ottoman Period. In: Texts and Documents of Albanian History. Robert Elsie, accessed on January 21, 2016 (acknowledgment with complete manuscript as PDF for download).
personal data
SURNAME Vlora, Ekrem Bey
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vlora, Ekrem; Vlora, Eqrem Bey; Vlora, Eqerem Bey
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Albanian nobleman, politician and author
DATE OF BIRTH December 1, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Vlora , Ottoman Empire
DATE OF DEATH March 29, 1964
Place of death Vienna