Elisabeth Noltenius
Elisabeth Noltenius (born January 24, 1888 in Bremen , † February 22, 1964 in Bremen) was a German painter and graphic artist , who became known in particular as a portraitist.
biography
Elisabeth Noltenius was the eldest of four children of the lawyer Eberhard Noltenius and his wife Sophie, née. Schwab (granddaughter of the writer Gustav Schwab ).
At the age of 20 she went to the arts and crafts school in Bremen, until the drawing teacher exam in 1910. At the same time, she studied the technique and art of etching with Hans am Ende in Worpswede, and later sculpture with Clara Rilke-Westhoff . In order to tap into color in addition to graphics and plastic, Noltenius studied at the women's academy in Munich from 1911 to 1914 , together with her friend Dora Bromberger . During and after training as a drawing teacher from 1908 to 1916, Noltenius developed her black and white design in charcoal, lead and etchings. She stayed realistic in style, e.g. T. close to Art Nouveau.
Noltenius used most of the First World War to study art in Munich with Ernst Burmester, Daniel Wohlgemut and Albert Weisgerber , founding member and president of the Munich New Secession . Like her sister Gretel, Noltenius made herself available for a while as a nurse's assistant in a hospital for wounded soldiers. Gretel became infected and died of typhus . The Noltenius brothers Hans and Walter died as volunteers in 1915 and 1917.
In 1919, her fiancé Friedrich Wilhelm von Seidlitz was shot as a hostage during the Munich Soviet Republic . Her father also died at the same time. Noltenius was able to escape from the embattled Munich to Bremen for the funeral. The family's fortune was lost. Noltenius found himself in need to support her surviving mother and art.
Her reputation as a portraitist spread throughout Germany and Switzerland . She also knew how to get preschoolers to sit still by playing puppet theater with her left hand and a brush in her right. Portraying was Noltenius' occupation. Her passion was landscape and still life painting. While Noltenius had a studio in Bremen , she had been going to the country again and again since the 1920s. She wanted "her own Worpswede" and found the village of Meyenburg , which is characterized by peat cutting and agriculture . There Noltenius painted landscapes , interiors , still lifes and people at work.
Noltenius sought color and the foreign several times abroad: in 1923 and 1938 she traveled to Italy, 1927 to Spain, 1930 to Hungary, 1935 to Norway. Similar to Paula Modersohn-Becker , whom she admired , Noltenius moved to Paris again to study painting , where she studied with André Lhote , Lucien Simon and Eugen Spiro in 1931/1932 and in the museums in particular works by Vincent van Gogh , Paul Cézanne , Paul Gauguin and who absorbed the abstract .
Noltenius was a member of the GEDOK ( Society of German and Austrian Artists ), the professional association of visual artists and the Society for Urban Development . In addition to painting herself, she regularly gave drawing lessons and gave lectures on art and architecture-historical topics.
1933 to 1945
When the National Socialists enforced the Aryan paragraphs in 1933, in 1933, 1934 and 1935, against the ban on exhibiting Jewish artists, she organized three solo exhibitions of the works of her painter friend Dora Bromberger. In 1935 she tried to prevent them from being deported to the Minsk ghetto by speaking to the Gestapo .
From 1933 to 1945 the works of many colleagues were considered " degenerate art ". Despite their ostracism, persecution and professional bans, Noltenius did not let her French teachers and Expressionism deter her from shaping her painting . But after she got involved with the exhibitions for Dora Bromberger and opposed the Gestapo, she was no longer able to show her works in public after a last exhibition in 1936.
She had to be careful now if she didn't want to risk being banned from the profession. Since she lived from painting, no influence of the so-called “degenerate” (such as Paula Becker-Modersohn, her French teachers or the Expressionists) should be visible in her works. If the Gestapo had searched her house, her diaries would have taken her to the concentration camp with her openly expressed opposition to Hitler and his movement.
Her mother Sophie Noltenius died in 1943, and in 1944 Noltenius' studio in Bremen was hit by bombs, destroying a large part of her pictures. After the war, she built her own small studio in Meyenburg in 1949.
reception
Between 1921 and 1953 pictures by Noltenius were shown in joint public exhibitions in Bremen, Munich and Dresden . In 1922 and 1923 the Worpswede artist press printed Noltenius' etchings. After all, she was so recognized that from 1930 to 1958 her solo exhibitions took place in Böttcherstrasse , in the Graphisches Kabinett Bremen and in the Bremen Kunsthalle , and after her death in Worpswede and in the Overbeck Museum in Bremen.
Exhibitions
List of exhibitions in: K. Poushirhazi (ed.): Elisabeth Noltenius. Bremen 2013, p. 92, to the catalog
- 2013/2014: “Longing for the whole whole life” - The painter Elisabeth Noltenius from Bremen. Overbeck Museum , Bremen.
literature
- R. Cain: Exhibition Elisabeth Noltenius. In: Bremer Nachrichten , June 18, 1930.
- W. Augustiny: Elisabeth Noltenius in the graphic cabinet. In: Bremer Nachrichten , 1931.
- The profile. Elisabeth Noltenius. In: Weser-Kurier , January 31, 1948.
- Catalog of the 3rd German art exhibition in Dresden 1953.
- H. Vollmer: Lexicon of the fine arts of the 20th century. Leipzig 1953.
- People in our city. Portrait and landscape painter Elisabeth Noltenius 70 years. In: Weser-Kurier , January 24, 1958. (Interview)
- Karl Kampffmeyer: Elisabeth Noltenius January 24, 1888 - February 22, 1964. Funeral service, Bremen 1964.
- Gerhard Gerkens, Ursula Heiderich: Catalog of the paintings (the Kunsthalle Bremen) of the 19th and 20th centuries until 1973. Bremen 1973.
- HA: Particularly fond of portraits. Worpsweder Galerie Cohrs Zirrus shows works by Elisabeth Noltenius. In: Bremer Nachrichten , March 29, 1978.
- Bremen women in the Weimar Republic 1919–1933. Bremen 1987, pp. 157-200.
- F. Krahé: Elisabeth Noltenius. In: Alone I want. 20 painters from Bremen, Worpswede and Fischerhude. Lilienthal 1990, pp. 100-109.
- G. Hildebrand: Noltenius, Elisabeth. In: H. Cyrus et al. (Ed.): Bremer Frauen von A bis Z. Bremen 1991, pp. 120–123.
- G. Hildebrandt: Elisabeth Noltenius. In: Hermine Overbeck-Rohte and Bremen painters around 1900. Bremen 1992, pp. 22–25.
- Rolf Rübsam: The Brombergers. Fate of a family of artists. Bremen 1992, p. 128.
- H. Cyrus: “Sober in Design”, Elisabeth Noltenius (January 24, 1888 - February 22, 1964). In: H. Cyrus: Between tradition and modernity - female artists and the visual arts in Bremen until the middle of the 20th century. Bremen 2005, pp. 134-137.
- Yvette Deseyre: The Munich Artists' Association V. and its ladies' academy. Munich 2005.
- A. Gudera among others: ... and they did paint! History of women painters - Worpswede, Fischerhude, Bremen. Bremen 2007.
- K. Pourshirazi, R. Noltenius: Elisabeth Noltenius - longing for the full whole life. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2013. (With diary excerpts from 1910 to 1945, art-historical classification, biography, vita, exhibitions, literature.)
- Katja Pourshirazi: Noltenius, Elisabeth . In: Women's history (s) , Bremer Frauenmuseum (ed.). Edition Falkenberg, Bremen 2016, ISBN 978-3-95494-095-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ biography s. Elisabeth Noltenius: From the diaries 1908–1945. In: K. Poushirazi (ed.): Elisabeth Noltenius - Longing for the whole whole life. Bremen 2013, pp. 21–35; R. Noltenius: Longing and Reality of an Artist between the Imperial Era and Adenauer Era. ibid. pp. 8-13; L. Huchting: Memories of Elisabeth Noltenius. ibid. pp. 36-40; Vita , ibid. P. 90f.
- ^ Lore Huchting: Memories of Elisabeth Noltenius. In: K. Pourshirazi (ed.): Elisabeth Noltenius. Bremen 2013, p. 40.
- ↑ The previous annual exhibition calls by GEDOK, the Great Art Show in Böttcherstraße and the Kunsthalle Bremen did not materialize.
- ↑ See quotes from the diaries. In: K. Pourshirazi (ed.): Elisabeth Noltenius. Bremen 2013, p. 32.
- ^ Exhibition page on the museum's website, accessed on August 22, 2014.
Web links
- Elisabeth Noltenius at the Bremen Women's Museum
- Noltenius exhibition in the Overbeck Museum
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Noltenius, Elisabeth |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German painter and graphic artist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 24, 1888 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bremen |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 22, 1964 |
| Place of death | Bremen |