Emanuele Grazzi

Emanuele Grazzi (born May 30, 1891 in Florence , † September 7, 1961 in Rome ) was an Italian diplomat , journalist and translator .

Life

Emanuele Grazzi was the son of Teresa Barsanti and Vittorio Grazzi. In November 1911 he graduated from the University of Pisa with a law degree . On September 11, 1934, he married Anna Cocchi in Florence . The second time he married Renata Maria Polito on April 11, 1942 in Rome .

Diplomatic career

On July 31, 1912, he entered the foreign service and was appointed consular officer. On August 7, 1912, he was posted to Tunis and on July 20, 1913 appointed Vice-Consul, second class. On December 9, 1913, he was drafted into the Italian Army and used as an artillery officer in World War I , for which he was awarded the Croce di guerra al valor militare . At the end of 1916, at the request of the Italian military attaché in The Hague, he was sent to Rotterdam to fulfill the delicate task of the politico-military information service. In 1918 he was delegated to the Inter-Allied Military Control Commission in Helsingfors and contacted the Finnish government, which led to the recognition of the new Finnish state by the Kingdom of Italy on June 27, 1919.

In 1919 he was assigned to the political commissariat in Germany and in 1920 he became consul in Berlin . In 1922 he was consul in Florianopolis , in 1925 in Toulouse and in 1927 consul general in New York City . From 1933 to 1934 he was Ministre plénipotentiaire in Guatemala City . In 1935 he was Director General for Foreign Press in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in 1936 Director General for Transoceanic Affairs and in 1937 Director General of the Political Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

From 1939 to November 7, 1940 he was Ministre plénipotentiaire in Athens. On October 28, 1940, he drove to the residence of Ioannis Metaxas in the Athens suburb of Kifisia and at three o'clock in the morning gave him Benito Mussolini's ultimatum , with which he demanded unrestricted military freedom of movement in Greece.

"Alors, c'est la guerre (Well, this is the war)"

- Ioannis Metaxas

"Pas nécessaire, mon excellence (Not necessary, my Excellency)"

- Emanuele Grazzi

" Non , c'est nécessaire (But it is necessary)"

- Ioannis Metaxas

This Non in Greek Ochi gave the Greek national holiday the Ochi Day on October 28th.

In 1941 he was appointed Ministre plénipotentiaire in Belgrade . On September 16, 1943, he joined the regime in Salò , which appointed him Ministre plénipotentiaire in Budapest on September 30, 1943 and removed him from office in mid-October 1943 for "infidelity". December 31, 1947, he was in the rank of Envoy Extraordinary and Ministre plénipotentiaire in the retirement staggered.

As a result, he wrote articles for various newspapers and published some translations from English.

Awards

• Croce di guerra al valor militare , an award for bravery.
• 1936: Order of Knights of St. Mauritius and Lazarus

Publications

• Il nuovo regime siriano e Romanzi e racconti, traduzione di E. Grazzi, Roma 1951.
• N. Morland, La criminologia scientifica traduzione di E. Grazzi, Roma 1953.
• Oscar Wilde , Il ritratto di Dorian Gray ed altri racconti, traduzione di E. Grazzi, Roma 1958.
• Charles Dickens , Cinque racconti di Natale, traduzione di E. Grazzi, Roma 1959.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani , [1] Fabio Grassi, La Formazione della diplomazia nazionale (1861-1915): repertorio bio-bibliografico dei funzionari del Ministero degli affari esteri, 1987, p. 377 [2] [3] [4] p . 358 [5]
2. ↑ Patric Seibel, "I always stay the four-year-old boy from back then": The SS massacre in Distomo and the struggle of a survivor for justice, [6]
3. ↑ Ambasciata Budapest. Retrieved October 3, 2018.

predecessor	Office	successor
Gamalero William Mario	Italian Ministre plénipotentiaire in Guatemala City 1933–1934	Enrico Bombieri
Giulio Cesare Montagna	Italian Ministre plénipotentiaire in Athens 1939–1940	Casto Caruso
Filippo Anfuso	Italian Ministre plénipotentiaire in Belgrade 1941–1943	Giovanni Caracciolo di Vietri
Giuseppe Talamo Atenolfi di Castelnuovo 1896–1983	Italian Ministre plénipotentiaire in Budapest from September 30 to mid-October 1943	Augusto Assettati