Emil Dosenheimer
Emil Dosenheimer (born February 11, 1870 in Ungstein ; † February 16, 1936 in Heidelberg ) was a German lawyer and in the city of Frankenthal (Palatinate) first chairman of the popular education association , the free religious community and the local chapter of the German Peace Society as well as deputy chairman of the Rental clearance office. He was also the 1st chairman of the Palatinate Association for Free Popular Education and deputy chairman of the Federation of Free Religious Communities in the Palatinate.
Life
Dosenheimer's parents were the businessman Abraham Dosenheimer and his wife Helene nee. Eagle. His father ran a shop in Ungstein / Rheinpfalz (the Palatinate was then part of Bavaria and was called Rheinpfalz to distinguish it from the Upper Palatinate), which he gave up in 1891. Emil Dosenheimer had three siblings, namely:
- Robert Dosenheimer, businessman, b. on February 17, 1860 in Ungstein, died on December 18, 1935 in Worms am Rhein,
- Flora Lurch born Dosenheimer, b. on June 2, 1864 in Ungstein, died on December 27, 1946 in Gresy-sur-Aix / France and
- Dr. Elisabetha - called Elise - Dosenheimer , b. on December 22, 1868 in Ungstein, died on April 11, 1959 in the USA, who was best known for her works on Hebbel and German drama.
The Dosenheimer parents had recognized early on that a good education was the best investment for the future, and so they tried to enable their children to earn their Abitur. They were successful with three children.
Emil Dosenheimer attended elementary school in Ungstein from 1876 to 1880. Then he attended the Latin school in Bad Dürkheim until 1886. At Easter 1886 he entered the Obersekunda of the Grand Ducal Gymnasium in Worms am Rhein and passed his Abitur there at Easter 1889. During this time he lived with his uncle Karl (1823-1901), who had moved from Ungstein to Worms in 1860.
Emil Dosenheimer then studied law in Munich from the winter semester 1889/90 to the summer semester 1893 . He interrupted his studies in the winter semester of 1890/91 and in the summer semester of 1891, probably to help his parents close the business and move from Ungstein to Frankenthal. Starting in the summer semester of 1892, he gave the city of Frankenthal as his home. He was only able to continue his studies in the winter semester of 1891/92 because, in addition to his parents, he was supported financially by the husband of his sister Flora, the flour dealer Heinrich Lurch.
After completing his studies, Emil Dosenheimer's preparatory practice began in 1893. In Frankenthal, for example, he worked as a legal trainee at the district office (Landratsamt), district and regional court and at lawyer Stößel. He passed the state examination at the end of 1896 with an overall grade of II. He then spent a year and a half with the lawyers Stößel and Dr. Mappes worked in Frankenthal before he became a public prosecutor at the local courts of Homburg and Waldmohr . On July 5, 1900, he became secretary at the Frankenthal Regional Court, before going to the Waldmohr Local Court in January 1902 as the Royal Bavarian Magistrate. In January 1906 he was transferred to the Ludwigshafen am Rhein district court .
In 1913, Emil Dosenheimer's book "Causes of Crime and Their Combat" was published by the Neue Frankfurter Verlag. In it he processed his experiences from everyday legal life. He recognized that crime often has social causes and that these must be eliminated in order to avoid crime. A second edition of the book appeared in 1924.
In 1914 he was appointed chief magistrate before he was transferred to the Frankenthal regional court in 1916 while being appointed regional judge . Until then, his work was never objected to and he was always judged to be a competent, skilful, conscientious judge with a good knowledge of criminal and civil law.
In the meantime, Emil Dosenheimer had married Paula Friedmann, 14 years younger from Mannheim, on December 27, 1906 in Ludwigshafen am Rhein, daughter of the businessman Leopold Friedmann and his wife Rosa, nee. Aberle. The son Ernst Karl was born in Ludwigshafen am Rhein on November 15, 1907 and the daughter Gertrud Helene on June 8, 1910.
Since Emil Dosenheimer did not reach the legal minimum height, he was not called up for military service.
In April 1916, the family moved from Ludwigshafen to Frankenthal at Pilgerstrasse 2. The Dosenheimers were shaped by the awareness that they, as citizens, were jointly responsible for the fortunes of the city. Since April 1919 Emil Dosenheimer and the District Office Assessor Dr. Hermann Fitz held general public education courses free of charge, the aim of which was to give the unemployed and returning soldiers hope for the future again and to support the young democracy, whereby they also made themselves available as teachers. Based on her experience, the Volksbildungsverein was founded on December 13, 1919, whereby Dr. Hermann Fitz became 1st chairman and Emil Dosenheimer became 2nd chairman. When Dr. Hermann Fitz was expelled by the French in February 1923, Emil Dosenheimer took over the office of 1st chairman and remained so until his transfer to Landau in the Palatinate in autumn 1929 .
Emil Dosenheimer and Dr. Hermann Fitz were also the driving forces behind the founding of the Palatinate Association for Free Popular Education. At its founding meeting on July 10, 1920 in Neustadt an der Haardt , Emil Dosenheimer was elected chairman. On February 19, 1933, he resigned from this post after the National Socialists seized power . Dosenheimer's work for popular education has been recognized several times by the Ministry of Culture. From 1921 to 1923 Emil Dosenheimer was the deputy chairman of the municipal rental agreement office and published several articles in legal journals. During this time he was a judge at the 3rd Civil Chamber of the Frankenthal Regional Court and was appointed Higher Regional Court Councilor on June 1, 1924.
1919 Emil doses Heimer, of the Mannheim free religious community had joined, elected to the Board on 2 April 1920, the first leader of the free religious community Frankenthal and remained so until his departure to Landau in der Pfalz. He was also deputy chairman of the Federation of Free Religious Congregations in the Palatinate. He summarized his conception of the free world view in a short form: "Not free from religion, but free in the conception of religion, victory of rational thinking, free from the compulsion to believe, the highest moral sense of responsibility towards one's fellow men, which asserts itself in true love of neighbor free from hypocrisy make."
On September 21, 1924 Emil Dosenheimer appeared as a speaker at the anti-war day of the free trade unions in Frankenthal. He called for Germany to join the League of Nations and announced the establishment of a local group of the German Peace Society in Frankenthal, of which he was elected chairman and which remained until he left for Landau in the Palatinate.
In 1926 Neue Frankfurter Verlag published the book: "For and against the death penalty", in which Emil Dosenheimer published the position of well-known personalities on this subject. He, who was always an opponent of the death penalty, did so in order to intervene in the formation of opinion because the draft of a general German penal code in Section 29 continued to provide for the death penalty.
When he applied for the position as deputy district court director at the district court of Frankenthal, he felt the mood of the Bavarian judiciary, which was contrary to his personal views. Therefore, he was only promoted to deputy district court director in October 1929, but not in Frankenthal, but in Landau in the Palatinate, the smallest district court in the district of Zweibrücken. On April 1, 1930, the Dosenheimer family moved from Frankenthal to Landau.
After the National Socialists seized power, Emil Dosenheimer was not allowed to stay in his office, but was given leave of absence on April 1, 1933, and on July 1, due to his Jewish descent on the basis of Section 3 (1) of the Law for the Restoration of the Civil Service of April 7, 1933 In 1933 he was given permanent retirement. His pensionable service income and length of service were determined as if he had reached the age of 65 at the time of retirement.
In Landau in the Palatinate, Emil Dosenheimer was chairman of the historical association of the Palatinate, local group Landau, and member of the committee of the theater association. He resigned from these offices after the National Socialists seized power.
The extensive social work of Dosenheimer would not have been possible without the support of his wife, who for years coped with the flood of work with great willingness to sacrifice.
At the end of July 1933 the Dosenheimer family moved from Landau to Mannheim and in October from there to Heidelberg , where he died on February 16, 1936. His urn was buried on March 5, 1936 in the family grave in the old Jewish cemetery in Frankenthal. The grave was cleared away during the Nazi regime.
The daughter Gertrud Helene (married Schwerin), who attended the Karolinenschule in Frankenthal and graduated from the municipal girls' college in Ludwigshafen am Rhein, studied at the universities in Munich, Heidelberg, Freiburg, Grenoble / France and Cologne and emigrated to the USA in 1937 . She died on April 7, 1993 in Chicago. The son Ernst Karl, who emigrated to Palestine in 1936 , died on November 12, 1987 in Nahariya ( Israel ).
The wife Paula geb. Friedmann could not make up her mind to emigrate because she feared, probably not without reason, that she would lose her pension entitlement as a result. So she was deported to Camp de Gurs on October 22, 1940 . Due to the commitment of Dr. Paul Rehfeld, a grandson of Emil Dosenheimer's sister Flora, was able to leave her for the USA in 1942. She died on July 7, 1970 in New York City .
On April 12, 2005, four stumbling blocks were laid for the Emil Dosenheimer family in Pilgerstrasse, house number 2, the place where they lived in Frankenthal. In Landau in the Palatinate a stumbling block was laid for Emil Dosenheimer in Marienring, house number 13 (district court).
literature
- Paul Theobald: Emil Dosenheimer - a life for democracy, freedom and law In: Frankenthal once and now , Ed .: Stadtverwaltung Frankenthal, 2005, pp. 49–53
Works
- Causes of crime and how to combat them , Neuer Frankfurter Verlag, Frankfurt 1913
- The devil alcohol , Neuland-Verlag , Hamburg 1925
- For and against the death penalty , Neuer Frankfurter Verlag, Frankfurt 1926
Individual evidence
- ^ Structure from April 17, 1959, page 41
- ↑ Reinhard Weber: Rechtsnacht - Jewish judicial employees in Bavaria after 1933 , pp. 58 and 59
- ^ Frankenthaler Zeitung of March 31, 1933
- ^ Structure from April 23, 1993, p. 21
- ^ Structure dated November 30, 1987, page 28
- ^ Structure dated July 17, 1970, page 24
- ↑ Frankenthal weekly newspaper of April 20, 2005, page 1
- ↑ Stolpersteine in Landau ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dosenheimer, Emil |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German lawyer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 11, 1870 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ungstein |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 16, 1936 |
| Place of death | Heidelberg |