Emil Groß (politician, 1904)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Memorial plaque for Emil Groß

Emil Groß (also: Emil Gross ; * August 6, 1904 in Bielefeld ; † February 19, 1967 there ) was a German publisher and politician ( SPD ).

Life and work

Groß was born the son of an iron turner and baptized Evangelical Lutheran. After attending primary school, he completed a commercial apprenticeship and then worked in this profession. He attended the Heimvolkshochschule in Tinz , passed the entrance examination to study without a school leaving certificate and studied political science in Berlin from 1930 to 1933 . Gross was chairman of the socialist student body of all Berlin universities. In addition to his studies, he worked, among other things, for the "Neue Blätter für den Sozialismus".

After the National Socialists came to power , Groß took part in the illegal socialist organization The Red Shock Troop in Berlin. He was arrested at the beginning of April, but with outside help he managed to escape and emigrate to the Netherlands . There he worked in Amsterdam as co-editor of the social democratic exile newspaper Freie Presse . In 1937 he was expatriated from the German Reich. After the occupation of the Netherlands by German troops, he first went into hiding before he was arrested by the Gestapo in 1941 and then sentenced in Dortmund to two years and three months in prison for preparation for high treason. After his release from prison in 1943, he worked as an operations assistant until 1945.

In 1946, Groß founded the newspaper publishing house Freie Presse Bielefeld and the Phoenix Verlag in Bielefeld. He was also a co-founder and member of the supervisory board of dpa . He also served as president and board member of numerous newspaper publishers' associations. From 1951 to 1953 he was President of the General Association of German Newspaper Publishers and from 1954 until his death its vice-president.

Groß married Maria Schmidt , a trade unionist in 1947 , who was imprisoned in the Ravensbrück prison and concentration camp from 1936 to 1945 for her resistance work .

Political party

Groß joined the Socialist Youth Workers during his apprenticeship . He joined the SPD in 1922 and had been a full-time functionary of the SPD East Westphalia from 1924. From 1931 to 1933 he was chairman of the socialist student body at Berlin universities .

After the end of the war, Groß acted as provisional district secretary of the SPD Ostwestfalen-Lippe , where he was deputy district chairman from 1946 to 1948 and a member of the overall board of the SPD.

MP

Groß was a council member of the city ​​of Bielefeld after the Second World War . He was a member of the North Rhine-Westphalian state parliament from 1946 to 1967 and was chairman of the SPD parliamentary group there from March 1, 1956 to July 12, 1958, after having been deputy chairman of the parliamentary group before and afterwards. The state parliament elected him a member of the first four federal assemblies .

In Bielefeld, Emil-Groß-Platz is named after him.

literature

  • Dennis Egginger-Gonzalez: The Red Assault Troop. An early left-wing socialist resistance group against National Socialism. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86732-274-4 , (numerous mentions and short biography on p. 415 f.).
  • Social Democratic Party of Germany (ed.): Committed to freedom. Memorial book of the German social democracy in the 20th century. Schüren, Marburg 2000, ISBN 3-89472-173-1 , p. 122 f.
  • Emil Gross , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 22/1967 of May 22, 1967, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely available)
  • Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (eds.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933. Volume 1, Saur, Munich 1980, p. 243 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b Groß, Emil . In: Martin Schumacher (Ed.): MdB - The People's Representation 1946–1972. - [Gaa to Gymnich] (=  KGParl online publications ). Commission for the History of Parliamentarism and Political Parties e. V., Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3-00-020703-7 , pp. 403 , urn : nbn: de: 101: 1-2014070812574 ( kgparl.de [PDF; 297 kB ; accessed on June 19, 2017]).
  2. Dennis Egginger-Gonzalez: The Red Assault Troop. An early left-wing socialist resistance group against National Socialism (= Writings of the German Resistance Memorial Center, Analyzes and Representations, Volume 11). Lukas, Berlin 2018, p. 415