Emil Hausknecht

Emil Paul Karl Heinrich Hausknecht (born May 23, 1853 on Gut Treskow near Neuruppin , † December 19, 1927 in London ) was a German high school teacher and philologist . As a “foreign contractor” ( Japanese お 雇 い 外国人 , O-yatoi gaikokujin) he was a professor at the Imperial University of Tokyo from 1887 to 1890 . From 1907 he was professor of English literature at the University of Lausanne .

Life

Emil Hausknecht was born in 1853 on Gut Treskow, a combing property of the city of Neuruppin, as the son of the gardener Carl Hausknecht. He attended the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium in Neuruppin and studied history as well as old and new languages in Berlin and Paris from 1872 . In 1876 he passed the examination for teaching at high schools in Berlin . Three years later he received his doctorate in Romance and English philology . He completed his military service as a one-year volunteer from 1879 to 1880 and entered the Prussian school service. After a year of probation at the Leibniz Gymnasium in Berlin, he was hired as a teacher there in 1881. From 1882 he taught at the Falk Realgymnasium in Berlin. During the summer vacation he traveled to Edinburgh , Oxford , Cambridge , London , Brussels and Paris.

In 1886 Hausknecht accepted a position at the Imperial University of Tokyo. Since 1867 Japan has been in a phase of modernization based on the Western model and has brought numerous European and American scientists and technicians into the country. Hausknecht received a three-year contract until January 1890 and taught education as a main subject , but also German language and German literature . He also gave numerous lectures on topics of history , logic and philosophy . In 1889, at Hausknecht's suggestion, the educational science department was founded and he was given the management of it. The main aim of the educational science department was to train middle school teachers. Hausknecht himself worked out the study and examination regulations and established the elective subjects. In 1890 his contract was extended by six months, and he refused a further extension of nine months on the grounds that the only goal of his remaining in Japan was to reform the Japanese school system , which would take more time.

Hausknecht left Japan on July 4, 1890. Via the USA, where he stayed for four months to study the school system there, he traveled back to Germany and reached Berlin at the end of the year. In the 1890s he taught as a senior teacher and director at Berlin secondary schools and in 1893 was a member of a delegation from the Prussian Ministry of Education to the United States for the Chicago World Exhibition . He was the first to publish a leaderboard of over 400 schools. Following a call from the city council of Kiel, he took over the management of the double school Oberrealschule and Reform-Realgymnasium, today's Humboldt School , at Easter 1900 . In October 1906 he left school service. On July 1, 1907, he accepted a call to the University of Lausanne, where he was Professor of English Literature until his death on December 19, 1927.

Awards

On September 3, 1904, Emil Hausknecht was awarded the Red Eagle Order, 4th class.

Publications (selection)

• On the sources and language of the Middle English heroic poem from the Sowdon of Babylone , dissertation (1879)
• The Romaunce of the Sowdone of Babylone and of Ferumbras his sone who conquerede Rome (1881)
• Floris and blue hallways. Middle English poem from the 13th century with a literary study and an outline of the spread of the legend in European literature (1885)
• American Education (1894)
• The English Student. Textbook for the introduction to the English language and cultural studies (1894)
• English-German conversation book (1919)

literature

• Terasaki Masao, Kurematsu Kaoru: A Study on Emil Hausknecht: A German Teacher employed The Imperial University of Tokyo in Meiji Era . In: Historical research of education. Bulletin of the Society for Historical Research of Education . Vol. 22, 1979, pp. 4-23 (Japanese).
• Jörg Möller: Emil Hausknecht. A German educator in Japan during the Meiji period . In: Asian Studies . Volume 48, No. 1, 1994, pp. 247-256.
• Jörg Möller: So that “there is no ignorant to be found in any house”. On the work of Emil Hausknecht and the Herbart reception in Japan . Academium, Munich 1995, ISBN 978-3-89129-309-6 .

Web links

• Literature by and about Emil Hausknecht in the catalog of the German National Library
• Peter Janocha: Emil Hausknecht on the website "Schleswig-Holstein and Japan"
• Emil Hausknecht's personnel sheet in the BIL's personal file in the archive database of the Library for Research on Educational History (BBF)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Terasaki Masao, Kurematsu Kaoru: A Study on Emil Hausknecht: A German Teacher employed The Imperial University of Tokyo in Meiji Era . In: Historical research of education. Bulletin of the Society for Historical Research of Education . Vol. 22, 1979, pp. 4-23 (Japanese).
2. ^ Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg in the Gutenberg-DE project
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Christophe Charle, Jürgen Schriewer, Peter Wagner: Transnational Intellectual Networks: Forms of Academic Knowledge and the Search for Cultural Identities . Campus Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-593-37371-8 , pp. 249 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).