Emil Maurer (politician)

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Emil Maurer (born as Eisig neighbor , April 11, 1884 in Kutti ; died on December 22, 1967 in Vienna ) was an Austrian lawyer, social democratic functionary and politician, and president of the Jewish Community of Vienna .

Life

Icy neighbor comes from a poor background. At the age of twelve he moved to Vienna, where at fourteen he joined the Ottakring local branch of the social democratic association of young workers . He first learned the watchmaking trade, made up his Matura in 1911 and began studying law at the University of Vienna . Due to the prevailing anti-Semitic mood there , Eisig Nachbar had its name officially changed to Emil Maurer in April 1913 . He received his doctorate in 1916 . He served as an officer in the First World War . In 1923 he became an independent lawyer.

After the war he was active in the council movement. He represented the left wing in the workers' council of the Neubau district and advocated cooperation between the communist and social democratic forces. In 1918 he was elected deputy district chairman of Neubau as a representative of the People's Association of Justice, and he was to hold the office for 13 years. Shortly afterwards, the Volksverein became the district organization of the Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP). In 1923 he became commander of the district group Neubau in the newly founded Republican Protection Association .

In 1927 he founded the workers' cultural association "Morgenröte". Maurer was the long-time SDAP party chairman in the Vienna district of Neubau, and from April 1932 to February 1934 he was district chairman of Neubau. In this function he was the driving force behind the construction of the prayer house of the Jewish Association Neubau .

After the February fights in 1934 , in which he did not participate, he was interned in the Wöllersdorf detention camp from April 1934 under Austrian fascism , and his workers' cultural association was dissolved.

After Austria's "annexation" to the Nazi state , Maurer was arrested on March 15 or 22, 1938. With the so-called transport of prominent people he was taken to the Dachau concentration camp at the beginning of April , where he received the prisoner number 13,894 and was classified in the prisoner category “ Protective custody - Jew”. On September 23, 1938, he was transferred to the Buchenwald concentration camp . After his release on May 24, 1939, he fled to Great Britain , where he was interned in 1940 as an "enemy alien" on the Isle of Man . He was involved in the exile movement at the "Austrian Labor Club" and was elected to the club management there in 1941.

In 1946 Maurer returned to Vienna and re-established a law firm. In April 1948 he was elected as a representative of the “List of Working Jews” as Vice President of the Israelite Religious Community. From 1952 to 1963 Maurer was President of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien. From 1951 to 1963 he was also President of the Federal Association of Jewish Religious Communities in Austria.

Emil Maurer died in 1967 at the age of 83. He was buried in the Vienna Central Cemetery in a grave of honor belonging to the Jewish Community.

Honors

  • In 1957 Maurer was awarded the Great Decoration of Honor for Services to the Republic of Austria.
  • In 1964, Maurer was presented with the gold medal of the federal capital Vienna .
  • Maurer was awarded the SPÖ's Viktor Adler plaque .
  • In 2013, the area between the two lanes of the new building belt between Urban-Loritz-Platz and Europaplatz was declared Emil-Maurer-Park in Vienna .

Web links

literature

  • Claudia Kuretsidis-Haider, Rudolf Leo: “dachaureif” - The Austrian transport from Vienna to the Dachau concentration camp on April 1, 1938. Ed .: Documentation Center of Austrian Resistance and Central Austrian Research Center for Post-War Justice. Vienna 2019, ISBN 978-3-901142-75-8 , p. 192 f.

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b c d e Emil Maurer In: Never forget! November pogrom 1938 in Vienna. Brochure on the anti-fascist memorial tour on November 10, 2019. Vienna, 7th district, new building. Online at rundgang.blogsport.de . October 30, 2019, accessed on November 16, 2019, pp. 9–10 (PDF; 901 kB).
  2. ↑ a b c d Emil Maurer in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna , accessed on November 16, 2019.
  3. ^ The new social democratic district heads. In:  Der Abend , April 25, 1932, p. 2 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / abd.
  4. ↑ a b c Ceremonial unveiling of the name plaque “Emil-Maurer-Platz”. In: neubau.spoe.at . June 13, 2014, accessed November 16, 2019.
  5. ↑ Transferred to Wöllersdorf. In:  Salzburger Volksblatt , April 21, 1934, p. 2 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / svb.
  6. ↑ cf. Kuretsidis-Haider, Leo März: “dachaureif”, p. 192.
  7. ↑ New election of the club management. In: London-Information of the Austrian Socialists in Great Britain. No. 12, July 1941, p. 10 (online at ANNO ).
  8. ↑ The new Kultusrat. In:  New Austria. Organ of Democratic Unification , April 13, 1948, p. 2 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nos.
  9. ↑ Helga Embacher : Let us speak for ourselves! The World Jewish Congress (WJC) and the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde (IKG) in the “Cold War”. In: contemporary history . 18th year, issue 7/8 focus: Austrian Jews after 1945, 1990/91, p. 202, digitized online at ANNO .
  10. ↑ Honoring two victims of fascism. In: The New Reminder Call . December 1957 - January 1958, p. 2 (online at ANNO ).
  11. ^ Emil Maurer Park . In: wien.gv.at . Retrieved November 16, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Mason, Emil
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Neighbor, icy (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian lawyer and politician
DATE OF BIRTH April 11, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Kutti , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH 22nd December 1967
Place of death Vienna