Transport of celebrities
Prominententransport refers to the first transport of prisoners from Vienna to the Dachau concentration camp on April 1–2. April 1938 during the time of National Socialism in Austria .
The transport
During the "annexation" of Austria to Hitler Germany , German police arrived in Vienna by plane on the morning of March 12, 1938, before the Wehrmacht marched in. She immediately began to arrest politicians and other exponents of the authoritarian corporate state , senior officials, former home guard leaders , socialists , communists , monarchists and other opponents of National Socialism . They were supported by Austrian National Socialists . It is estimated that 50,000–76,000 people were arrested in the first six weeks after the “Anschluss”. Since the security department had already been taken over in February 1938 by Arthur Seyß-Inquart , who sympathized with the National Socialists , the new rulers had all the police records of the Schuschnigg regime at their disposal. This made it easier for them to draw up lists of Austrians to be arrested - presumably already in Berlin .
By the end of March, the newly established Vienna control center of the Secret State Police (Gestapo) had compiled a list of 151 people imprisoned in the Rossauer Lände police prison who were to be transferred to the Dachau concentration camp. After one person was struck off the list, these 150 so-called “ protective prisoners ” were brought from the prison to the Westbahnhof in nine cell cars on the evening of April 1 between 7:00 and 9:00 pm . There they had to change to express train wagons in which they were taken to the concentration camp. Already when boarding and on the way there was numerous mistreatment by the SS guards , which were provided by members of the SS-Totenkopfstandarte 1 "Upper Bavaria" , which was also used as a guard in Dachau .
On April 2, 150 people were registered by the transport in the access book of the Dachau concentration camp, to whom the prisoner numbers 13,780-13,929 were assigned. In comparison with the Vienna List, Johann Stern was missing. The captured journalist Maximilian Reich reported that a fellow prisoner ran into the bayonet of an SS man with suicidal intent and died. It may have been Johann Stern. On the other hand, the lawyer and gendarmerie officer Ernst Mayer was recorded in Dachau, who was not on the Vienna list and had possibly been added to the transport in Linz .
About a third of the prisoners affected were of Jewish religion or origin. With the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew” they were at the bottom of the prisoner hierarchy in the concentration camps. In the early phase of the persecution of the Jews, they still had the option of being released from the concentration camp on presentation of a (difficult to obtain) entry permit for another country. They then had to leave the Reich territory as quickly as possible and leave all their assets behind, otherwise they could be arrested again.
The first Austrian transport included Vienna's mayor Richard Schmitz , the later union president Franz Olah , the writers Raoul Auernheimer and Heinrich Jacob , the librettist Fritz Löhner-Beda , the private secretary of the last Austrian emperor, Karl Werkmann , and the later Federal Chancellor Leopold Figl .
To the subject
The term celebrity transport for that first transport of prisoners to Dachau was coined in retrospect, as it very many prominent concerned personalities.
List of inmates
| First and Last Name | Year of birth | Year of death | activity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Walter Adam | 1886 | 1947 | Journalist and politician, head of the Federal Press Service and General Secretary of the Fatherland Front (VF). In 1939/40 temporarily transferred to the Flossenbürg concentration camp . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in July 1943 and confiscated in the Rhineland . |
| Richard Alexander | 1902 | Date of death unknown | Official, VF functionary, Chief of Staff of the Assault Corps . Was released from concentration camp imprisonment in June 1940; from 1943 a Wehrmacht soldier. Survived the war and was appointed press attaché to the Austrian embassy in Buenos Aires in 1947 . |
| Raoul Auernheimer | 1876 | 1948 | Lawyer, journalist and writer. In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew". Released from concentration camp imprisonment in August 1938 on condition that he had to leave the country immediately. Forced emigration to the USA. 1944 Granted US citizenship. |
| Hans Sidonius Becker | 1895 | 1948 | Journalist and artist. Employee of Walter Adam. Transferred to Mauthausen concentration camp in September 1939 , from where he was released in December 1940. Contacts with resistance groups, co-founder of resistance group O5 . He was arrested again in February 1945 and transferred to Mauthausen, where he was liberated on May 7, 1945. |
| Viktor Benda | 1897 | 1974 | Locksmith, Social Democrat and platoon leader of the Republican Protection Association . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1940. After 1945 he became district police chief of Vienna-Margareten . |
| Josef Bick | 1880 | 1952 | Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Vienna and General Director of the Austrian National Library . Transferred to Sachsenhausen concentration camp in May 1938 . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in August 1938 and confined in Piesting . After the war he was reinstated as director of the national library. |
| Stefan Billes | 1909 | 2002 | Social democrat, functionary of the socialist youth workers and 1930–1934 Burgenland regional leader of the Red Falcons . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1938. Active as a politician ( SPÖ ) after the war and as a contemporary witness until the end . |
| Wilhelm Blitz | 1903 | 1987 | Real estate owners and art collectors. Was listed with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”. Was released from concentration camp imprisonment in 1939 and forced to emigrate with his family. His art collection was sold on behalf of the Gestapo and his real estate "Aryanized" . |
| Fritz Bock | 1911 | 1993 | Lawyer and politician. From 1934 onwards as the VF's deputy head of advertising, responsible for anti-Nazi propaganda . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in January 1939. After the war, co-founder of the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) and trade minister from 1956–1968. |
| Richard Bohm | 1890 | 1966 | Lawyer, police officer and composer. Was involved in the investigation and arrest of illegal NSDAP members as a police council from 1933–1938. Composed religious songs in the concentration camp (including Dachau songs ). Released from concentration camp imprisonment in 1942 and confined in Berlin. Drafted into the armed forces in January 1945. After the war further career in the police service and in the Ministry of the Interior. |
| Heinrich Braun | 1901 | 1940 | Lawyer and Police Officer. Listed with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”. In September 1938 he was transferred to the Buchenwald concentration camp , where he died on February 24, 1940. |
| Adolf Brett | 1873 | 1941 | Cabaret owner (including Cabaret Hell ) and theater director. Prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”. Died on July 8, 1941 in Buchenwald concentration camp, allegedly of old age. |
| Ernst Buchbinder | 1887 | 1964 | Engineer. Prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”. Was repeatedly badly mistreated in Dachau and transferred to Buchenwald concentration camp in September 1938. Dismissed in 1939, forced emigration to New York . |
| Leopold boxwood | 1889 | 1977 | Police officer and VF member (professional representative of the police). Was temporarily transferred to the Flossenbürg concentration camp. 1940 released from concentration camp imprisonment. From September 1944 member of the Free Austria resistance group . After the war he returned to the police force. |
| Chaim Wolf Burstyn | 1898 | Date of death unknown | Merchant and taxi operator. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew” and at the end of August 1938 transferred to the prison of the Vienna Police Department. Was brought to the Polish border in spring 1939 and forced to cross it illegally, for which he was imprisoned in Poland. Fled to Palestine via Romania in 1941 and stayed in Tel Aviv after 1945 . His further fate is unknown. |
| Heinrich Burstyn | 1903 | 1965 | Real estate agent and merchant. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew” and at the end of August 1938 transferred to the prison of the Vienna Police Department. Was brought to the Polish border with his brothers Chaim Wolf and Nathan. His further fate during the Nazi era is unknown. In 1950 he arrived in Haifa , in 1956 he returned to Vienna. |
| Israel Burstyn | 1891 | Date of death unknown | Executive Director. Prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”. His further fate is unknown. |
| Josef Burstyn | 1894 | 1942 | Merchant. Prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”. In September 1938 he was transferred to Buchenwald, in October 1942 to Auschwitz , where he died on December 19, 1942. |
| Nathan Burstyn | 1904 | Date of death unknown | Representative. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew” and at the end of August 1938 transferred to the prison of the Vienna Police Department. Was brought to the Polish border with his brothers Chaim Wolf and Heinrich. In June 1940 he was arrested by the Red Army and interned in various camps until 1946. In 1948 he came to Haifa . His further fate is unknown. |
| Salomon Burstyn | 1901 | 1973 | Merchant. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew” and at the end of August 1938 transferred to the prison of the Vienna Police Department, where he remained imprisoned until November 1939. 1940 attempted to flee to Palestine, subsequently imprisoned at the island fortress of Beau Bassin on Mauritius from 1940–1945 . In 1945 he went to Tel Aviv, in 1963 he returned to Vienna. |
| Alfred Claisen | 1892 | 1976 | Local councilor in the Ministry of Finance, VF district manager of Vienna-Hietzing . Released from Dachau in September 1938. After the war he worked in accounting in several ministries and in the audit office. |
| Ernst Colbert | 1891 | 1943 | Writer and editor of the daily newspaper Der Abend . Was listed in the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in March 1939. Was identified by the Vienna Gestapo in 1943 for "subversive activity" and died on December 2, 1943 in Auschwitz. |
| Robert Danneberg | 1885 | 1942 | Social democratic top politician and lawyer. With the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew", transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, in October 1942 to Auschwitz, where he perished on December 2, 1942. |
| Ludwig Draxler | 1896 | 1972 | Lawyer, counsel for the Heimwehr, politician and 1935/36 finance minister. Was released from concentration camp detention on March 4, 1939. After the war he worked as a lawyer again. |
| Rudolf Duchon | 1898 | 1968 | Machine fitter, social democratic or communist oriented, participant in the February fights in 1934 . Was released from concentration camp detention on May 10, 1939. |
| Engelbert Dworak | 1899 | 1953 | Politician of the Christian Social Party (CS) and VF regional leader for Lower Austria . Was released from concentration camp detention on April 22, 1939. After the war, ÖVP municipal council in Vienna. |
| Friedrich Eckert | 1911 | 1980 | CS politician and VF functionary. Was released from concentration camp custody on March 13, 1939, and again in custody from February 15, 1945 until the end of the war. After the war, co-founder of the ÖVP and member of the Federal Council . |
| Jakob Ehrlich | 1877 | 1938 | Lawyer, Zionist, 1936/37 Vice President of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien (IKG) , murdered in Dachau on May 17, 1938. |
| Alexander Eifler | 1888 | 1945 | Officer and Chief of Staff of the Republican Protection Association. Moved temporarily to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Died of blood poisoning on January 2, 1945 after repeated severe abuse. |
| Hans Mathias Eisenstädter | 1900 | 1971 | Insurance officer and VF official. He suffered hearing damage from being mistreated on the transport. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, released in 1939 and emigrated to the USA , where he took the name John Mathew Ellis . |
| Armand Eisler | 1880 | 1957 | Lawyer. Prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”. Dismissed in May 1939 on condition that they leave the country. Emigrated to the USA. |
| Richard Entinger | 1904 | 1974 | Accountant and member of the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) . Was imprisoned in the Dachau, Flossenbürg and Buchenwald concentration camps until the end of the war. After the war he became a journalist for the Upper Austrian News and was a member of the regional management of the Upper Austrian Communist Party . |
| Erich Fein | 1909 | 1983 | Gold worker assistant and initially active in the Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) and joined the KPÖ in 1931. In September 1939 he was transferred to the Buchenwald concentration camp, where he remained imprisoned until the end of the war. After 1945 he became a KPÖ functionary and from 1957 a board member and vice-president of the concentration camp association as well as board member in the documentation archive of the Austrian resistance (DÖW). |
| Adalbert Felsenburg | 1877 | 1952 | Journalist for the Neue Freie Presse and the Neuigkeits-Welt-Blatt . Uncle of Elfriede Jelinek . Was held in Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and released there in August 1939. As a result of the abuse in the concentration camp, he lost his right arm. He fled to the south of France . After the Wehrmacht's western campaign , he was interned in the St. Cyprien camp. After the end of the war he returned to Austria. |
| Leopold Figl | 1902 | 1965 | CS and VF politicians. Released in May 1943 after being temporarily transferred to Flossenbürg. In October 1944 he was arrested again and sent to the Mauthausen concentration camp, from where he was transferred to the Vienna Regional Court in January 1945 . At the end of the war, co-founder of the ÖVP, later Austrian Federal Chancellor and Foreign Minister and Governor of Lower Austria. |
| Desider Friedmann | 1880 | 1944 | Lawyer, Zionist and 1933–1938 President of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien. With the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and transferred to the Theresienstadt ghetto in September 1942 . Deported to Auschwitz in October and murdered there. |
| Alexander Geller | 1884 | 1952 | Newspaper publisher. With the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in February 1939 and forced to emigrate. Went to Tel Aviv via England. Returned in 1948 and worked for the Wiener Kurier . |
| Josef Gerö | 1896 | 1954 | Lawyer (public prosecutor). With the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and released in summer 1939. In August 1939 he fled to Yugoslavia , where he was imprisoned again after the German invasion in 1941 and 1944. Committed to forced labor in 1944 . |
| Alfons Gorbach | 1898 | 1972 | VF regional leader in Styria and member of the state parliament. Temporarily moved to Flossenbürg in 1939/40, released from concentration camp imprisonment in November 1942. In 1944 he was arrested again and sent to the Flossenbürg concentration camp. Transfer to Dachau, where he saw the end of the war. ÖVP politician in the Second Republic and Federal Chancellor 1961–1964. |
| Richard Gredler-Oxenbauer | 1886 | 1948 | Lower Austrian Heimwehr functionary, group commander of the front militia . Temporarily moved to Flossenbürg in 1939/40, released from concentration camp imprisonment in November 1942. Died from the consequences of imprisonment on July 6, 1948 in Vienna. |
| Arnold Grünfeld | 1901 | 1989 | Dentist in Gattendorf and at the Vienna University Clinic. With the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and released in February 1939. Subsequently forced emigration to New York. |
| Otto Günther | 1895 | Date of death unknown | Publisher, editor-in-chief and newspaper editor. With the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and released in April 1939. He then fled to France and in 1942 emigrated to New York, where he published “Austria - Günther Publications”. His further fate is unknown. |
| Lothar Haas | 1892 | 1940 | Captain d. D., legitimist , active in the front militia. Transferred to Mauthausen concentration camp in September 1939, where he died on February 14, 1940. |
| Josef dealer | 1910 | 1987 | House painter, communist, involved in the February fighting. Worked in Dachau on the illegal political camp administration, for which he spent six weeks in the detention bunker and then was sent to a punishment company. Relocated to Mauthausen for two months in autumn 1939. In January 1941 he was transferred to the Neuengamme concentration camp . In April 1945 assigned to the SS to burn files and in the last days of the war he was accepted into the 36th SS Division . He was able to flee at the beginning of May 1945. After the liberation he stayed in Hamburg , was a member of the Communist Party of Germany and the German Communist Party and worked for the VVN-BdA e. V. |
| Robert Hecht | 1881 | 1938 | Lawyer and top civil servant. Legal advisor to Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuß . In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew” and died on May 30, 1938 (according to the corpse certificate “Death by hanging”). |
| Bruno Heilig | 1888 | 1968 | Journalist and publicist. With the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and released in April 1939. Fled to Great Britain in August 1939 . In 1941 he published a report on his concentration camp imprisonment ("Men Crucified", 1948 in German translation: "People on the cross. Dachau - Buchenwald"). After the end of the war he worked at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg , moved to the Soviet occupation zone and worked as a journalist and translator from Hungarian. |
| Egon Hilbert | 1899 | 1968 | Police lawyer, theater and opera director. Temporarily transferred to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Remained in Dachau concentration camp until liberation in 1945. In the Second Republic he was head of various cultural institutions. |
| Johann Hödl | 1888 | 1940 | Dispatcher and station director in Gutenstein . City director of the Heimwehr in Wiener Neustadt . Transferred to Mauthausen concentration camp in September 1939, where he died on March 27, 1940. |
| Theodor Hornbostel | 1889 | 1973 | Diplomat. Transferred to "unknown" in September 1939. Released from Buchenwald concentration camp in May 1943. Return to Austria in summer 1945. |
| Alfred Hortwig | 1888 | 1967 | Major a. D., head of the information service of the VF. In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew", transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and released in April 1939 after being "ransomed" by his wife. In the same year emigrated via detours to England, where he volunteered for the British Army. Return to Vienna in June 1946. |
| Paul Hutfless | 1902 | Date of death unknown | Farmer, the VF delivered confessional reports on National Socialists. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. In March 1940 transferred to “unknown”, in November 1942 released from concentration camp detention. Was based in Burgenland after 1945. |
| Heinrich Huettl | 1891 | 1973 | Lawyer, police officer. Was released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1938 and then worked as a sales representative. After the war in 1945 central inspector of the Vienna Security Guard, from 1946 head of the police school and vice-president of the Vienna Federal Police Directorate . |
| Heinrich Eduard Jacob | 1889 | 1967 | Writer and journalist. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”. Got two hernias while working on stone girders . In September 1938 he was transferred to the Buchenwald concentration camp, released in February 1939 after his future wife intervened. In April 1939 he was forced to emigrate to New York, where he worked on the exile magazine Aufbau and the New York Times . Return to Europe in the summer of 1953. |
| Maximilian Janisch | 1905 | 1939 | Official. Relocated to Mauthausen in September 1939, where he perished on December 28, 1939. |
| Alexander Kalmar | 1892 | 1941 | Official. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”. Transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in February 1939. Subsequently, he fled to Czechoslovakia . Deported from Prague to the Litzmannstadt ghetto in October 1941 , where he perished. |
| Rudolf Kalmar | 1900 | 1974 | Journalist and writer. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Discharged to the SS-Brigade Dirlewanger in November 1944 . Got into Soviet captivity. After the war he worked in various media. |
| August Kargl | 1898 | 1960 | Master builder, Heimwehr member and CS politician. Member of the state parliament in Lower Austria in the authoritarian corporate state. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in August 1938. Drafted into the armed forces in 1939. Imprisoned again briefly in 1944. After the war, member of the Lower Austrian state parliament and deputy governor . |
| Josef Kende | 1868 | 1938 | Second-hand book dealer and publisher. With the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew", died on October 24, 1938 in Dachau. |
| Josef Kimmel | 1897 | 1982 | Gendarmerie general and lawyer. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in November 1938, imprisoned in Vienna from December 1938 to March 1939. Further career with the gendarmerie after the end of the war, 1963 candidacy for the office of Federal President. |
| Ludwig Klausner | 1885 | 1964 | General director of the Viennese shoe store Del-Ka . Listed with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”. During his imprisonment in the concentration camp, his company was "Aryanized". In September 1938 transferred to a police prison in Vienna, in October 1938 to Buchenwald concentration camp. A few weeks later released on condition that he leave Austria. Forced emigration to New York. Restitution negotiations after the war ended with a settlement between Klausner and the Creditanstalt . |
| Ludwig Kleinwächter | 1882 | 1973 | Diplomat. In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew". Transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in May 1939. Returned to the diplomatic service after 1945, from 1951 Austrian Ambassador to Washington . |
| Rudolf Kloss | 1902 | 1982 | Civil servant and VF functionary. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. After the war, head of section in the Ministry of Trade and Reconstruction . |
| Paul Kolisch | 1883 | 1939 | Publisher and newspaper editor. His publishing house was Aryanized after the "Anschluss". In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew". Transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, where he died on December 15, 1939, according to the death certificate of "cardiovascular problems". |
| Robert Korff | 1903 | Date of death unknown | Master hatter and entrepreneur. In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew". Transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938. Released from concentration camp detention in July 1939 on condition that he emigrate immediately. Forced emigration to São Paulo . His further fate is unknown. |
| Hans Kotányi | 1888 | 1938 | Son of the founder of the company of the same name , VF member. His company was one of the first "Aryanized" companies in Austria. Listed with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”. Killed himself on April 28, 1938 in Dachau. |
| Hans Kremar | 1899 | 1965 | Employee and VF district leader. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. After the war authorized officer at the federal state insurance . |
| Theodor Krisshaber | 1884 | 1939 | Merchant. Prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, where he died on November 9, 1939. |
| Emil Kristen | 1888 | 1962 | Senior police officer, before the “Anschluss” in the prison department of the Vienna Security Guard. As a well-known opponent of the National Socialists, he was disarmed and imprisoned on March 11, 1938. Released from concentration camp detention in February 1940. After the war he returned to the police force. |
| Friedrich Kühr | 1895 | 1950 | Christian-social economist and social scientist, as well as business editor. Exiled to Austria from Germany in 1934 and became an Austrian citizen in 1935. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1943. After the war he worked as an interpreter for British and American military commandos in Versmold . Emigrated to Brazil in 1947 . |
| Wilhelm Kurtz | 1897 | 1942 | Art dealer, amateur boxer, functionary in various sports associations and home defense functionary. Listed with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”. His gigantic figure made him the preferred target of abuse by the SS. Transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and to Auschwitz in October 1942, where he died on December 9, 1942. |
| Hermann Lackner | 1899 | 1984 | Carpenter's assistant, social democrat, participant in the February fighting. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Liberated from the Dachau concentration camp on April 29, 1945. After the war, Styrian SPÖ member of the state parliament and member of the National Council . |
| Friedrich Lang | 1899 | 1986 | Lawyer and top civil servant. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in January 1942. |
| Josef Langer | 1900 | 1942 | Major gendarmerie and adjutant to Franz Zelburg. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in January 1940, died on March 13, 1942 of consequences of imprisonment. |
| Gabriel Lax | 1892 | 1944 | Founder of the artist games Pan in Vienna. Categorized as “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in November 1938. He then fled to Shanghai , where he died on April 28, 1944. |
| Hugo teacher | 1896 | 1990 | Detective. Release from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. After the war, co-founder of the police interest group, Association of Federal Criminal Police Officers . |
| Liebmann Lenk | 1874 | 1939 | Manufacturer. With the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”, transferred to “unknown” in September 1938, resident again in Vienna at the end of 1938, where he died on April 18, 1939. |
| Fritz Löhner-Beda | 1883 | 1942 | Lawyer, writer, librettist. Categorized as “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, and to Auschwitz in October 1942. Was murdered there on December 3, 1942. |
| Josef Luda | 1913 | 1955 | Belt assistant, social democrat, later communist. Released from concentration camp custody in September 1938, arrested again in September 1939 and transferred to Buchenwald. Released in July 1940. 1943-1945 he was a member of a resistance group within the Wehrmacht in Norway. After the war he was a prisoner of war until 1946, then again active in the KPÖ. |
| Eduard Ludwig | 1883 | 1967 | Jurist. 1920–1936 head of the Federal Press Service , then a member of the State Council and the Bundestag . In January 1939 he was transferred from Dachau to Vienna, where he was prosecuted for "suspected abuse of office" (was later acquitted). Imprisoned until May 1942. Exiled to Brandenburg an der Havel in 1942/43 . Then contact with resistance groups in Vienna. After the war, he was a member of the National Council as an ÖVP politician and head of a university institute. |
| Joseph August Lux | 1871 | 1947 | Writer and supporter of the authoritarian corporate state regime. Dismissed in July 1938 and banned from writing. |
| Rudolf Manda | 1882 | 1958 | Lawyer and high-ranking police officer, 1934–1938 General Inspector of the Vienna Security Guard. Made a critical travelogue about a meeting with Heinrich Himmler , which was leaked to Himmler. Release from concentration camp detention in December 1938, continued to be under Gestapo observation. After the war back in the police force, from 1948 head of the office of Police President Josef Holaubek . |
| Anton Marek | 1889 | 1976 | Chief Detective Inspector. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Dismissed in April 1940. After the war back in police service, was arrested in June 1948 by the Soviet General Procuratorate for “espionage against the Soviet Union” and sentenced to death by a Soviet military tribunal in 1951. Conversion to imprisonment, rehabilitated in 1955 and return from the Soviet Union. |
| Viktor Matejka | 1901 | 1993 | Cultural politician and writer. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in July 1944. 1945 joined the KPÖ, until 1949 city councilor for culture and popular education in Vienna. |
| Emil Maurer | 1884 | 1967 | Lawyer, social democratic functionary and politician, 1932–1934 district chairman of Vienna-Neubau . In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in May 1939. Escape to Great Britain and engagement in the Austrian Labor Club . Interned in 1940 on the Isle of Man as an "enemy alien". Returned to Vienna in 1946. 1952–1963 President of the Jewish Community in Vienna . |
| Ernst Mayer | 1881 | 1947 | Lawyer and Genarmerie Officer. Was added to the transport en route, probably in Linz. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in July 1939. After the war he became the regional gendarmerie commander of Upper Austria. |
| Karl Ferdinan Mayer | 1891 | 1946 | Merchant and antique dealer. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in February 1939. Died in London on April 25, 1946 . |
| Waldemar Mestrozi | 1883 | 1943 | Major i. R., Home Guard functionary, senior VF functionary, assigned to Guido Zernatto in 1938 . Should remove funds from the VF before the “Anschluss”. Was released from concentration camp detention in March 1939. Died in Vienna on May 29, 1943. |
| Otto Neumann | 1888 | 1967 | Chief Police Officer, Councilor. 1933/34 commander of the Wöllersdorf detention camp . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1939. After 1945 returned to the police force. |
| Paul Neurath | 1911 | 2001 | Trainee lawyer and social democratic activist. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released from concentration camp imprisonment in May 1939. Then forced emigration to the USA via Sweden . 1943 Dissertation on conditions in the two concentration camps. Academic career as a sociologist. |
| Josef Nischelwitzer | 1912 | 1987 | Mason's assistant, social democratic, later communist activist. Was in various concentration camps until the end of the war: first Dachau, from September 1939 Flossenbürg, from March 1940 back to Dachau, there in 1942 sentenced to five months in prison for killing a fellow prisoner / SS informant, from November 1942 Mauthausen and Gusen . After the war 1963–1980 regional chairman of the KPÖ Carinthia, regional chairman of the concentration camp association and editor at Volkswille . |
| Albert Oberweger | 1878 | 1942 | Major General a. D., chairman of the military tribunal against the Nazi putschists in July 1934 . Relocated to Flossenbürg in September 1939, back to Dachau in March 1940, released in March 1941. Died in Vienna on April 25, 1942. |
| Franz Olah | 1910 | 2009 | Piano mechanic and social democratic functionary. Temporarily transferred to Flossenbürg in 1939/40, transferred to Buchenwald in March 1944 and from there to the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp , where he remained imprisoned until the end of the war. In the Second Republic of Vienna City Councilor, President of the ÖGB , Member of the National Council and Minister of the Interior. |
| Alois Osio | 1877 | 1939 | Higher Regional Court Councilor and Vice President of the Regional Court for Criminal Matters Vienna . Transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, where he was murdered on January 5, 1939 by the work commando leader Josef Voggesberger. |
| Maximilian Pammer | 1904 | 1988 | Lawyer and Police Officer. From 1933 he was responsible for fighting the illegal Social Democrats and National Socialists in the office of the General Directorate for Public Security. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1938. Drafted into the armed forces in 1942. At the end of the war, Karl Renner entrusted the reestablishment and management of the state police. Further career in the police force, 1964–1970 President of the Austrian Central Statistical Office . |
| Heinz Rudolf Paul | 1902 | 1951 | Lawyer and language teacher. Emigrated from Germany to France in 1933, moved to Vienna in 1936. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938. In April 1939 he fled to Italy, where he was interned again. 1941 fled to Portugal, in March 1943 exile in the USA. |
| Josef Paul | 1907 | 1995 | Police commissioner. Transferred to Mauthausen in September 1939, from where he was released in February 1940. Recruited into the Wehrmacht in December 1940, later in American captivity. Further career in police service in the Second Republic. |
| Rudolf Penz | 1899 | probably 1939 | Company commander of the Tiroler Heimatwehr ("Gausturmkompanie Hötting"). Transferred from Dachau to "unknown" as early as April 1938. Sentenced to death in Innsbruck in June 1939 for "inciting murder" (in the wake of the Nazi putsch in July 1934). |
| Raimund Poukar | 1895 | 1980 | Accounting officer and journalist. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in May 1939. After the war press officer in the Ministry of Education, from 1955 in the Federal Chancellery. |
| Adolf Proksch | 1886 | 1966 | Until 1933 general director of Siemens-Schuckertwerke in Agram . From 1935 in the general secretariat of VF and financial advisor to Chancellor Schuschnigg. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in January 1939. |
| Emil Ptak | 1908 | Date of death unknown | Middle school teacher in Krems an der Donau . In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1939. After 1945 worked again in Krems as a teacher. Died in Krems in the 1970s. |
| Erich Pultar | 1909 | 1993 | Lawyer, civil servant of the city of Vienna, member of the Christian-German gymnastics association , the protection corps and the VF. Got into arguments with National Socialists at the University of Vienna . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1938. Recruited into the Wehrmacht in 1940, later American prisoner of war. Civil servant career, 1951–1981 President of the Austrian Athletics Association . |
| Walter Pultar | 1916 | 1984 | Medical student. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. Later drafted into the Wehrmacht. Returned from American captivity in 1946, he became a general practitioner in Lower Austria. |
| Leopold Rauch | 1881 | 1959 | Police officer, VF functionary. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1938. After 1945 further career in the Vienna police service. |
| Maximilian Reich | 1882 | 1952 | Sports journalist. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, where he was released in October 1938. Forced emigration to Great Britain, where he worked for the BBC . After the war he returned to Vienna, where he founded a newspaper and continued to work as a journalist. |
| Josef Reither | 1880 | 1950 | CS top politician, member of the Lower Austrian state parliament and deputy governor. 1934/35 Minister of Agriculture, 1938 VF National Leader. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in July 1941. As a result of the assassination attempt on Hitler in July 1944, arrested again and transferred to the Ravensbrück concentration camp , later to the Berlin Gestapo prison in Lehrter Strasse , where he stayed until the end of the war. After the war ÖVP Landtag Club Chairman and President of the Lower Austria Chamber of Agriculture. |
| Oswald Friedrich Richter | 1886 | 1939 | Lawyer and Social Democrat. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, where he died on January 2, 1939. The cause of death was allegedly "heart and circulatory weakness". |
| Maximilian Ronge | 1874 | 1953 | Officer of the Austro-Hungarian secret service ( records office ), 1934–1938 in the service of the Federal Chancellery (responsible for counter-espionage ). Relocated to the Munich police prison just a few days after being briefed in Dachau . Dismissed in August 1938 through the mediation of Wilhelm Canaris . Operation afterwards in the Vienna War Archives "war science studies". In the Second Republic, involved in setting up an Austrian army espionage organization. |
| Josef Rossmanith | 1904 | Date of death unknown | Police officer, entrusted with the fight against the illegal National Socialists in the state police service. Transferred to Flossenbürg in September 1939, transferred back to Dachau in March 1940, released in April 1940. Was Ministerialrat in the Federal Ministry of the Interior and Security Director for Upper Austria in the Second Republic. |
| Franz Rupertsberger | 1901 | Date of death unknown | Civil servant, from 1934 in the General Directorate for Public Security, where he was entrusted with the persecution of illegal National Socialists. Transferred to Flossenbürg in September 1939, transferred back to Dachau in March 1940, released in April 1940. Suffered from the health consequences of severe abuse during his life in a concentration camp. After 1945 he was Security Director for Upper Austria and Ministerialrat in the Federal Police Directorate in Vienna. |
| Arthur Rutra | 1892 | 1942 | Expressionist playwright, writer and journalist. Worked for the homeland service , VF member. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to “unknown” in May 1938, transported via Buchenwald to a Gestapo prison in Berlin in October 1939. In April 1941, sentenced to 15 years in prison by the People's Court for “preparation for high treason”. Released from prison in the summer of 1942 and transferred to a collection camp in Vienna, deported to Maly Trostinec and murdered there on October 9, 1942. |
| Walter Scheuer | 1898 | 1954 | Tailor and businessman. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in April 1939. Forced emigration to the USA. |
| Bernhard Schiffmann | 1892 | Date of death unknown | Co-owner of a department store. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in February 1939. Forced emigration to the USA. Resided in Israel in the 1960s. |
| Hermann Schiffmann | 1890 | Date of death unknown | Co-owner of a department store. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in February 1939. Forced emigration to the USA. |
| Max Schiffmann | 1885 | 1945 | Co-owner of a department store, member of the cultural committee of the IKG Vienna. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in February 1939. Forced emigration to the USA. |
| Michael Schiffmann | 1898 | Date of death unknown | Co-owner of a department store, member of the cultural committee of the IKG Vienna. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in February 1939. Forced emigration to the USA. |
| Rudolf Schimek-Russwurm | 1872 | 1955 | Lieutenant Colonel and Legitimist. In the authoritarian corporate state in the state police service dealing with the defense against National Socialism. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1938. |
| Paul Schmittner | 1888 | 1968 | Gendarmerie Major. Temporarily moved to Flossenbürg in 1939/40, released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1940. Went to Tyrol at the end of 1944 to avoid being recruited into the Volkssturm and organized a resistance group in the Zillertal . In the Second Republic of the State Gendarmerie Commander of Burgenland, further career with the gendarmerie, 1953 gendarmerie general. |
| Richard Schmitz | 1885 | 1954 | Lawyer and top politician (CS, VF). 1920–1934 member of the National Council, various ministerial offices, mayor of Vienna. Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. In 1945 he was transferred by the SS to South Tyrol with other prominent prisoners, where he was liberated towards the end of the war . Active as a journalist in the Second Republic. |
| Fritz Schreier | 1897 | 1981 | Lawyer. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in November 1938. Forced emigration to Switzerland . In 1941 he traveled to the USA, where he embarked on an academic career. |
| Mark Siegelberg | 1895 | 1986 | Lawyer and economist, journalist, writer, theater critic and actor. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in May 1939. Forced emigration to Shanghai. Evacuated to Australia by the British in 1941. Returned to Austria in the 1960s. |
| Erwin Sitzmann | 1913 | 1977 | Commercial employee, KPÖ member. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938. After his release from the concentration camp, he fled to Palestine and was interned in Mauritius until the end of the war. Returned to Vienna in 1945 and became a sports teacher and active in the sports department of the KPÖ. |
| Ludwig Soswinski | 1905 | 1997 | Lawyer, auditor and socialist, later communist. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”, temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40, became Kapo in 1940 . Punished with 45 days of darkened solitary confinement after the discovery of preferential treatment for inmates and assigned to a penal company. Relocated to the Lublin-Majdanek concentration camp in January 1944 and to Auschwitz in June 1944, where he became a member of the Kampfgruppe Auschwitz resistance group . Relocated to Mauthausen in January 1945. Further political and civil society engagement after the war. |
| Paul Springer | 1917 | 1949 | Trade employee, member of the Rote Falken, KPÖ member. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, where he remained until the liberation in 1945. |
| Leopold Sprinzl | 1898 | 1970 | Journalist, employee of the NS weekly newspaper “Kampfruf”, NSDAP member, supplied information against the National Socialists to the Vienna police. Transferred in May 1939 in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in January 1941 by the Court of Appeal sentenced Berlin because of "treason" to two and a half years in prison in Berlin-Tegel. In September 1943 transferred to the Flossenbürg concentration camp, where he remained until the liberation in 1945. Then worked as a journalist again. |
| Johann Staud | 1882 | 1939 | Shoemaker, union official and politician (CS). In the authoritarian corporate state, president of the unified trade union . Was transferred to the Flossenbürg concentration camp on September 27, 1939, where he perished on October 2, 1939. |
| Johann Stern | Date of birth unknown | probably 1938 | Johann Stern got on the train to Dachau, but was not registered there in the access book. He was probably already killed during the transport. |
| Ignaz Stieber | 1917 | Date of death unknown | Laborer, communist. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and released in May 1939. He then fled to Italy, where he was interned again. His further fate is unknown. |
| Emanuel Stillfried | 1898 | 1965 | Gendarmerie Major. Was in 1935/1936 in command of the Wöllersdorf detention camp. Was often mistreated in Dachau by the SS as "revenge for Wöllersdorf". Temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Release from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1943. After the war, head of the Austrian gendarmerie . |
| Erich (Erik) Streitmann | 1909 | 1946 | Son of Friedrich Streitmann, police commissioner in Vienna and was considered a sharp opponent of the illegal National Socialists. Was temporarily relocated to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Was sent on a death march towards Tyrol on April 26, 1945 and liberated by American troops on May 2, 1945. |
| Friedrich Streitmann | 1878 | 1956 | Lawyer and Police Commissioner. 1934–1938 member of the State Council and the Bundestag. Temporarily moved to Flossenbürg in 1939/40, released from concentration camp imprisonment in July 1940. After the war he returned to the Interior Ministry. Was the founder and chairman of the Dachau Concentration Camp Comradeship. |
| Robert Stricker | 1879 | 1944 | State Railroad Councilor, journalist and politician, member of the Constituent National Assembly in 1919/20 . In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew", transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938 and released on February 14, 1939. Had to pledge not to leave the country. Deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto in September 1942, and to Auschwitz in October 1944, where he was murdered. |
| Heinrich Sussmann | 1904 | 1939 | Administrative officer. In Dachau with the prisoner category “Protective Custody - Jew”, transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in 1938 on condition that he had to leave the country immediately. Forced emigration to New Zealand , where he worked as a ski instructor and mountain guide and died in an avalanche accident in 1939. |
| Theodor Szigeti | 1900 | 1983 | Electrician, imprisoned in the authoritarian corporate state for working for the communist-dominated Autonomous Protection Association . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. |
| Otto Franz Troidl | 1886 | 1964 | Christian trade unionist . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. Was in contact with resistance fighter Carl Friedrich Goerdeler . Arrested in September 1944 on suspicion of “preparation for high treason” and transferred to Mauthausen in November 1944. Transferred to the Gestapo in Vienna in February 1945 and imprisoned until April 1945. |
| Julius Uhlirs | 1894 | 1968 | Printer and social democratic union official. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. After the war he was active in the agricultural and forestry workers' union . |
| Serious innocence from Melasfeld | 1907 | Date of death unknown | Civil engineer. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. his further fate is unknown. Declared dead by court order on December 31, 1950. |
| Johann Vetrovsky | 1903 | 1948 | Clerk and communist functionary. Moved temporarily to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Liberated from Dachau concentration camp on April 29, 1945. |
| Karl Waranitsch sen. | 1875 | 1951 | Journalist, head of the VF press office. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. |
| Karl Waranitsch jun. | 1905 | 1970 | Journalist, VF functionary. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. |
| Adolf Watzek | 1881 | 1950 | Social-democratic functionary of the free trade unions , briefly State Secretary in 1938 in the Federal Ministry for Social Administration. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. After the war 1945–1949 head of the Vienna Employment Office. |
| Stefan Weindl | 1904 | Date of death unknown | Laborer, member of the Republican Protection Association. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in March 1939. Enlisted in the Wehrmacht, served in a punitive unit from 1942–1944. Survived the war. |
| Karl Werkmann | 1878 | 1951 | Writer, private secretary of Emperor Charles I , a leader in the legitimist movement. September / October 1938 arrested at the commandant's office. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in November 1938. |
| Hermann Wildpanner | 1911 | 1976 | Carpenter and KPÖ functionary. Moved temporarily to Flossenbürg in 1939/40. Liberated from the Dachau concentration camp on April 29, 1945. After the war, member of the state leadership of the Lower Austrian Communist Party. |
| Felix Willmann | 1899 | 1965 | Official of the cemetery office of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien and SDAP member. In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew", transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in January 1939. Emigration to the USA. |
| Karl Wirtl | 1889 | 1968 | Locksmith, SDAP and KPÖ membership changed several times. Functionary of the free trade unions. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in April 1939. He then worked as a fitter at Hofherr & Schrantz . After a bombing raid on June 26, 1944, he was seriously disabled . |
| Josef Wittmann | 1893 | 1942 | Real estate agent. In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew", transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, from where he was later released. In May 1942 he was arrested while trying to illegally cross the border into Italy. In the same month he was deported to Maly Trostinec and murdered there on May 26, 1942. |
| Arthur Tsar | 1882 | 1947 | Major General a. D., municipal clerk in Vienna. Made as a city hall guard resistance than Nazis in the night of 11 to 12 March 1938 in the town hall wanted to penetrate. Released from concentration camp imprisonment in May 1938. |
| Emmerich Zederbauer | 1877 | 1950 | University professor for fruit and horticulture at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna, 1937/1938 its rector . Drew up the design for the "plantation" in Dachau . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in September 1939. Was then monitored and had to report to the police weekly. After the war he worked again at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences. |
| Franz Zelburg | 1883 | 1950 | Gendarmerie officer, 1934–1936 Security Director for the State of Styria, 1937 General Inspector of the Austrian Federal Gendarmerie in Vienna and the Federal Chancellery. In July 1939 he was transferred to the Graz Regional Court and sentenced to eight years in heavy prison for "abuse of official authority" in connection with the persecution of Nazi criminals from 1934 to 1938. In May 1941 transferred back from Graz-Karlau to the Gestapo Graz, released in June 1941 after a stroke . |
| Franz Andreas Zenz | 1898 | 1968 | Gendarmerie major and department commander in Leoben . Released from concentration camp imprisonment in November 1940. After the war he became state gendarmerie commander of Styria. |
| Mendel Zone evening | 1896 | 1979 | Cutter. In Dachau with the prisoner category "Protective custody - Jew", transferred to Buchenwald in September 1938, released in June 1939. Emigration, internment in Mauritius, living in the USA from 1945. |
Literary processing (selection)
Some of the people who were transported to Dachau on the transport of celebrities processed their experiences in literature. Examples of this:
- Mark Siegelberg: Protective Custody Jew 13877. Shanghai 1940.
- Rudolf Kalmar: Time without mercy. Vienna 1946.
- Walter Adam: Night over Germany - memories of Dachau. Vienna 1947.
- Raoul Auernheimer: The tavern in lost time. Experiences and Confessions. Vienna 1948.
More prisoner transports
Austrians were among the prisoners in Dachau even before 1938, and the first two were admitted shortly after the concentration camp opened. The first individuals who were brought from Austria to Dachau after the “Anschluss” were relatives of the Habsburgs : Joseph Ferdinand Habsburg was admitted to Dachau on March 30, the brothers Max and Ernst Hohenberg a day later.
The transport of celebrities was the first group transport from Austrians to Dachau, numerous others followed. On April 11th there was a transport from Salzburg , on May 24th another group transport with 170 prisoners from Vienna, on May 31st a transport from Vorarlberg and Tyrol with 46 republican police officers, on May 31st and June 3rd two further transports Vienna and subsequently further individual consignments from Austria. In the course of the November pogroms in 1938 , 3,700 Jewish Austrians were deported from Vienna to the Dachau concentration camp; most of them were soon released on condition that they leave the German Reich. By the end of 1938, around 8,000 Austrians had been brought to the Dachau concentration camp.
The transport of celebrities was only the prelude to repression, deportation and terror to which Austrian citizens were exposed and to the unprecedented mass murder of the following years. According to the current state of research, around 66,500 Jews, 37,500 physically and mentally handicapped or mentally ill, 9,500 Roma and Sinti and 8,000 politically persecuted people fell victim to the system during the entire period of Nazi rule in Austria .
Plaque
On March 17, 1988, a memorial plaque was put up in the building of the Vienna Westbahnhof to commemorate the first Austrian transport to Dachau, which was donated by the Dachau concentration camp community . In 2003 the metal plaque was replaced by a stone plaque with the same text, and the working group of concentration camp associations and resistance fighters in Austria acted as an additional donor .
literature
- Claudia Kuretsidis-Haider, Rudolf Leo: “dachaureif” - The Austrian transport from Vienna to the Dachau concentration camp on April 1, 1938. Ed .: Documentation Center of Austrian Resistance and Central Austrian Research Center for Post-War Justice. Vienna 2019, ISBN 978-3-901142-75-8 .
- Wolfgang Neugebauer , Peter Schwarz: Barbed wire, loaded with death ... The first Austrian transport to the Dachau concentration camp in 1938. Ed .: Working group of Austrian concentration camp associations and resistance fighters, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-901142-53-6 . ( Digitized online on the website of the Documentation Archive of the Austrian Resistance; PDF; 1.2 MB).
See also
See also: Prisoners in the Dachau Concentration Camp
Web links
- List of short biographies on the website of the Documentation Archive of the Austrian Resistance .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Honorable vocation. In: Feldkircher Anzeiger , December 6, 1947, p. 1 (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ BRETT Adolf. DÖW , accessed on April 6, 2019 .
- ↑ Our dead. In: The New Reminder Call . May 1974, p. 6 (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ Rudolf Kalmar: Time Without Mercy. Metroverlag, Vienna 2009, ISBN 978-3-902517-84-5 .
- ↑ Maximilian Reich, Emilie Reich: Two witnesses mouth. Lost manuscripts from 1938. Vienna - Dachau - Buchenwald. Ed .: Henriette Mandl. Theodor Kramer Society , Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-901602-30-6 .
- ↑ A complete list can be found in Kuretsidis-Haider and Leo 2019, p. 329 f.
- ^ Commemorative plaque for the first transport of prisoners to the Dachau concentration camp in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna .