Emil Muhler

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Emil Joseph Muhler (born April 21, 1892 in Munich ; † February 19, 1963 ) was a German Roman Catholic priest , pastor , intellectual and resistance fighter against National Socialism .

Life

Wall relief at the entrance of St. Andreas in Munich, showing Emil Muhler

After returning from the First World War , Muhler studied theology. On July 17, 1911 he joined the Catholic fraternity Langobardia in the CV . After his ordination , he was in 1923 in economics for political science topic The idea of the just wage for the Catholic view with special focus on family wages doctorate . In 1924 he became pastor of St. Andreas in Munich's Isarvorstadt district, a working-class district in Munich. As a member of the Bavarian People's Party , Muhler was a member of the Munich city council from 1930 until the National Socialist " seizure of power ".

In 1933 he was denounced for his collaboration with communist parishioners. During house searches, numerous socialist writings were found, which he used as literature sources for his studies. The Gestapo put him under “ protective custody ”. After his release, he continued to criticize the Nazi regime, including against instructions from the Vicariate General, the Cathedral Chapter Johannes Neuhäusler and Cardinal Faulhaber . In 1940 he was arrested again by the Gestapo, and when his house was searched again his book “Erlebtes und Erlangenes” was found with criticism of National Socialism, the reluctance of the Church and the legal proceedings against him in the 1930s. He was taken into protective custody and interrogated for months. Under the pressure of interrogation, he wrote an "apology" to the special court , which resulted in his release in late 1940. However, he was still active against National Socialism, for example in 1943 when he informed the Rösch district about the dissolution of the monasteries in Alsace . The dissolution could be prevented.

After the failed Hitler assassination attempt on July 20, 1944 , Muhler was imprisoned in the pastors' block of the Dachau concentration camp , although he had nothing to do with the assassination attempt. There he learned a. a. Know Leonhard Roth . Muhler was able to escape on one of the death marches at the end of April 1945 .

After the end of the Second World War , Muhler joined the CSU , was a member of the state executive committee of the CSU and was again actively involved in politics and journalism. He remained a contentious man even in the church, due to his experiences during the Nazi era.

From 1947 to 1963 Muhler was a member of the Bavarian Senate .

From 1953 Muhler was the first parish priest in the newly built St. Andreas Church .

Honors and commemorations

Quotes

“(I) still believe that the story Donhauser told me about atrocities in the Dachau concentration camp is true. (...) I am firmly convinced that my criticism of the composition of the special court and the behavior of the court members contained on pp. 40/41 was justified. I still maintain the rejection of the National Socialist worldview expressed on p. 41 today. I am of the opinion that the German bishops should have put down the same point of view in a special declaration. (...) I have no reason to change my view of Cardinal Faulhaber, as stated on p. 68. Of course, I take into account that he is now 72 years old. (...) Cardinal Faulhaber has to this day failed to redress the injustice that he (...) inflicted on me. (...) I have no more hope that this dispute can ever be settled. "

- Emil Muhler in his memorandum on experiences and sufferings

Fonts

  • The idea of ​​fair wages according to the Catholic view with special consideration of family wages. Leohaus, Munich 1925
  • The Christian worldview in the battle of the spirits. Pustet, Regensburg 1933
  • From the holy sacrament of marriage. Herder, Freiburg 1936
  • The Christian at the turn of the times. Echter, Würzburg 1948
  • The social question in religious education. Echter, Würzburg 1949
  • The Christian and the social question. Echter, Würzburg 1953
  • Church and Socialism. Winfried-Werk, Augsburg 1954
  • The social teaching of the Popes. Isar Verlag, Munich 1958
  • The red patriarchs. Publishing house Bayern-Kurier, Munich 1961

literature

Web links

Commons : Emil Muhler  - Collection of images, videos and audio files